Hair as a biomarker of polybrominated diethyl ethers' exposure in infants, children and adults

Toxicology Letters

Volumn 210, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 198-202

  Aleksa, Katarina ^a,b   Liesivuori, Jyrki ^c   Koren, Gideon ^a,b,d,e  

^a HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TURKU   (Finland)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Biomarker; Child; Hair; Infant; PBDE

Indexed keywords

LIOTHYRONINE; POLYBROMINATED DIETHYL ETHER; THYROTROPIN; THYROXINE; TOXIC SUBSTANCE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT DISEASE; ARTICLE; BODY BURDEN; CANADA; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CRYPTORCHISM; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE MARKER; EUROPE; FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEM; HAIR; HAIR LEVEL; HALF LIFE TIME; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HORMONAL REGULATION; HORMONE ACTION; HOUSE DUST; HUMAN; INFANT DISEASE; INHALATION; INTOXICATION; MALE GENITAL SYSTEM; MARINE ENVIRONMENT; NONHUMAN; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; RURAL AREA; SEAL; SPERMATOGENESIS; THYROTROPIN RELEASE; TOXICOKINETICS; UNITED STATES; WILDLIFE;

ADULT; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CHILD; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; HAIR; HALOGENATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; HUMANS; INFANT;

EID: 84859164318     PISSN: 03784274     EISSN: 18793169     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.12.010     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Agius R., Kintz P. Guidelines for European workplace drug and alcohol testing in hair. Drug Test Anal. 2010, 2:367-376.
2. Aleksa K., Carnevale A., Goodyer C., Koren G. Detection of polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDE) in newborn and pediatric hair as a tool for determining exposure. Forensic Sci. Int. 2011, Available online 10 November 2011.
3. Antignac J.P., Cariou R., Maume D., Marchand P., Monteau F., Zalko D., Berrebi A., Cravedi J.P., Andre F., Le B.B. Exposure assessment of fetus and newborn to brominated flame retardants in France: preliminary data. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2008, 52:258-265.
4. Black A.P., Knight R., Batty J., Haswell S.J., Lindow S.W. An analysis of maternal and fetal hair lead levels. BJOG 2002, 109:1295-1297.
5. Butt C.M., Diamond M.L., Truong J., Ikonomou M.G., ter Schure A.F. Spatial distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in southern Ontario as measured in indoor and outdoor window organic films. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38:724-731.
6. Chen A., Chung E., Defranco E.A., Pinney S.M., Dietrich K.N. Serum PBDEs and age at menarche in adolescent girls: analysis of the national health and nutrition examination survey 2003-2004. Environ. Res. 2011, 111(6):831-837.
7. Chevrier J., Harley K.G., Bradman A., Gharbi M., Sj+din A., Eskenazi B. Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants and thyroid hormone during pregnancy. Environ. Health Perspect. 2010, 11:8.
8. Clarke B., Porter N., Symons R., Marriott P., Ades P., Stevenson G., Blackbeard J. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polybrominated biphenyls in Australian sewage sludge. Chemosphere 2008, 73:980-989.
9. Covaci A., Hura C., Gheorghe A., Neels H., Dirtu A.C. Organochlorine contaminants in hair of adolescents from Iassy, Romania. Chemosphere 2008, 72:16-20.
10. Darnerud P.O., Aune M., Larsson L., Hallgren S. Plasma PBDE and thyroxine levels in rats exposed to Bromkal or BDE-47. Chemosphere 2007, 67(9):S386-S392. [Epub 2007, January 25].
11. Deng W.J., Zheng J.S., Bi X.H., Fu J.M., Wong M.H. Distribution of PBDEs in air particles from an electronic waste recycling site compared with Guangzhou and Hong Kong, South China. Environ. Int. 2007, 33:1063-1069.
12. D'Have H., Covaci A., Scheirs J., Schepens P., Verhagen R., De C.W. Hair as an indicator of endogenous tissue levels of brominated flame retardants in mammals. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:6016-6020.
13. Eliopoulos C., Klein J., Phan M.K., Knie B., Greenwald M., Chitayat D., Koren G. Hair concentrations of nicotine and cotinine in women and their newborn infants. JAMA 1994, 271:621-623.
14. Fängström B., Strid A., Grandjean P., Weihe P., Bergman A. A retrospective study of PBDEs and PCBs in human milk from the Faroe Islands. Environ. Health 2005, 14(4):12.
15. Fraser A.J., Webster T.F., McClean M.D. Diet contributes significantly to the body burden of PBDEs in the general US population. Environ. Health Perspect. 2009, 117:1520-1525.
16. Frederiksen M., Vorkamp K., Thomsen M., Knudsen L.E. Human internal and external exposure to PBDEs-a review of levels and sources. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2009, 212:109-134.
17. Frederiksen M., Vorkamp K., Mathiesen L., Mose T., Knudsen L.E. Placental transfer of the polybrominated diphenyl ethers BDE-47, BDE-99 and BDE-209 in a human placenta perfusion system: an experimental study. Environ. Health 2010, 9:32.
18. Frederiksen M., Thomsen C., Frøshaug M., Vorkamp K., Thomsen M., Becher G., Knudsen L.E. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in paired samples of maternal and umbilical cord blood plasma and associations with house dust in a Danish cohort. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2010, 213(4):233-242.
19. Gago-Martinez A., Nogueiras M.J., Rellan S., Prado J., Alpendurada M.F., Vetter W. Optimization of solid-phase microextraction for the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of persistent organic pollutants. J. AOAC Int. 2004, 87:1021-1027.
20. Gill U., Covaci A., Ryan J.J., Emond A. Determination of persistent organohalogenated pollutants in human hair reference material (BCR 397): an interlaboratory study. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2004, 380:924-929.
21. Goldberger B.A., Darraj A.G., Caplan Y.H., Cone E.J. Detection of methadone, methadone metabolites, and other illicit drugs of abuse in hair of methadone-treatment subjects. J. Anal. Toxicol. 1998, 22:526-530.
22. Goulle J.P., Kintz P. Hair: a powerful biological marker for exposure to xenobiotics. Ann. Biol. Clin. (Paris) 1997, 55:435-442.
23. Harkey M.R. Anatomy and physiology of hair. Forensic Sci. Int. 1993, 63:9-18.
24. Harley K.G., Marks A.R., Chevrier J., Bradman A., Sjödin A., Eskenazi B. PBDE concentrations in women's serum and fecundability. Environ. Health Perspect. 2010, 118(5):699-704.
25. Harrad S., Hunter S. Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in air and soil on a rural-urban transect across a major UK conurbation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40:4548-4553.
26. Henderson G.L. Mechanisms of drug incorporation into hair. Forensic Sci. Int. 1993, 63:19-29.
27. Hites R.A. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environment and in people: a meta-analysis of concentrations. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38:945-956.
28. Jaspers V.L., Dietz R., Sonne C., Letcher R.J., Eens M., Neels H., Born E.W., Covaci A. A screening of persistent organohalogenated contaminants in hair of East Greenland polar bears. Sci. Total Environ. 2010, 408:5613-5618.
29. Jiang Y., Wang X., Zhu K., Wu M., Sheng G., Fu J. Occurrence, compositional profiles and possible sources of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in urban soils of Shanghai, China. Chemosphere 2010, 80:131-136.
30. Johnson P.I., Stapleton H.M., Sjodin A., Meeker J.D. Relationships between polybrominated diphenyl ether concentrations in house dust and serum. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44:5627-5632.
31. Johnson-Restrepo B., Kannan K. An assessment of sources and pathways of human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the United States. Chemosphere 2009, 76:542-548.
32. Jones-Otazo H.A., Clarke J.P., Diamond M.L., Archbold J.A., Ferguson G., Harner T., Richardson G.M., Ryan J.J., Wilford B. Is house dust the missing exposure pathway for PBDEs? An analysis of the urban fate and human exposure to PBDEs. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:5121-5130.
33. Kang Y., Wang S.H., Cheung K.C., Wong M.H. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in indoor dust and human hair. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 45(14):2386-2393.
34. Klein J., Koren G. Hair analysis - a biological marker for passive smoking in pregnancy and childhood. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 1999, 18:279-282.
35. Klein J., Karaskov T., Koren G. Clinical applications of hair testing for drugs of abuse-the Canadian experience. Forensic Sci. Int. 2000, 107:281-288.
36. Klein J., Chan D., Koren G. Neonatal hair analysis as a biomarker for in utero alcohol exposure. N. Engl. J. Med. 2002, 347:2086.
37. Kohler M., Zennegg M., Bogdal C., Gerecke A.C., Schmid P., Heeb N.V., Sturm M., Vonmont H., Kohler H.P., Giger W. Temporal trends, congener patterns, and sources of octa-, nona-, and decabromodiphenyl ethers (PBDE) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCD) in Swiss lake sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42:6378-6384.
38. Koren G. Measurement of drugs in neonatal hair; a window to fetal exposure. Forensic Sci. Int. 1995, 70:77-82.
39. Koren G., Chan D., Klein J., Karaskov T. Estimation of fetal exposure to drugs of abuse, environmental tobacco smoke, and ethanol. Ther. Drug Monit. 2002, 24:23-25.
40. Kronstrand R., Scott K. Drug incorporation into hair. Analytical and Practical Aspects of Drug Testing in Hair 2011, 1-23. CRC Press, Boca Raton. P. Kintz (Ed.).
41. Kronstrand R., Grundin R., Jonsson J. Incidence of opiates, amphetamines, and cocaine in hair and blood in fatal cases of heroin overdose. Forensic Sci. Int. 1998, 92:29-38.
42. Kulaga V., Gareri J., Fulga N., Koren G. Agreement between the fatty acid ethyl ester hair test for alcohol and social workers' reports. Ther. Drug Monit. 2010, 32:294-299.
43. Kuriyama S.N., Talsness C.E., Grote K., Chahoud I. Developmental exposure to low dose PBDE 99: effects on male fertility and neurobehavior in rat offspring. Environ. Health Perspect. 2005, 113(2):149-154.
44. Leung A.O., Chan J.K., Xing G.H., Xu Y., Wu S.C., Wong C.K., Leung C.K., Wong M.H. Body burdens of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in childbearing-aged women at an intensive electronic-waste recycling site in China. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 2010, 17:1300-1313.
45. Luo Y., Luo X.J., Lin Z., Chen S.J., Liu J., Mai B.X., Yang Z.Y. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in road and farmland soils from an e-waste recycling region in Southern China: concentrations, source profiles, and potential dispersion and deposition. Sci. Total Environ. 2009, 407:1105-1113.
46. Main K.M., Kiviranta H., Virtanen H.E., Sundqvist E., Tuomisto J.T., Tuomisto J., Vartiainen T., Skakkebaek N.E., Toppari J. Flame retardants in placenta and breast milk and cryptorchidism in newborn boys. Environ. Health Perspect. 2007, 115:1519-1526.
47. Meironyté D., Norén K., Bergman A. Analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in Swedish human milk. A time-related trend study, 1972-1997. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 1999, 58(6):329-341.
48. Miller M.L., Donnelly B., Martz R.M. The forensic application of testing hair for drugs of abuse. NIDA Res. Monogr. 1997, 167:146-160.
49. Moller M., Karaskov T., Koren G. Opioid detection in maternal and neonatal hair and meconium: characterization of an at-risk population and implications to fetal toxicology. Ther. Drug Monit. 2010, 32:318-323.
50. Muresan B., Lorgeoux C., Gasperi J., Moilleron R. Fate and spatial variations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the deposition within a heavily urbanized area: case of Paris (France). Water Sci. Technol. 2010, 62:822-828.
51. Nakao T., Aozasa O., Ohta S., Miyata H. Survey of human exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs, and coplanar PCBs using hair as an indicator. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2005, 49(1):124-130.
52. Orloff K., Mistry K., Metcalf S. Biomonitoring for environmental exposures to arsenic. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B: Crit. Rev. 2009, 12:509-524.
53. Pragst F., Balikova M.A. State of the art in hair analysis for detection of drug and alcohol abuse. Clin. Chim. Acta 2006, 370:17-49.
54. Shaw S.D., Brenner D., Berger M.L., Fang F., Hong C.S., Addink R., Hilker D. Bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in harbor seals from the northwest Atlantic. Chemosphere 2008, 73(11):1773-1780.
55. Shen L., Wania F., Lei Y.D., Teixeira C., Muir D.C., Xiao H. Polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the North American atmosphere. Environ. Pollut. 2006, 144:434-444.
56. Skakkebaek N.E., Rajpert-De Meyts E., Main K.M. Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: an increasingly common developmental disorder with environmental aspects. Hum. Reprod. 2001, 5:972-978.
57. Song W., Li A., Ford J.C., Sturchio N.C., Rockne K.J., Buckley D.R., Mills W.J. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the sediments of the Great Lakes. 2. Lakes Michigan and Huron. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:3474-3479.
58. Souad C., Farida Z., Nadra L., Francois B., Bougle D., Azeddine S. Trace element level in infant hair and diet, and in the local environment of the Moroccan city of Marrakech. Sci. Total Environ. 2006, 370:337-342.
59. Strandberg B., Dodder N.G., Basu I., Hites R.A. Concentrations and spatial variations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and other organohalogen compounds in Great Lakes air. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2001, 35:1078-1083.
60. Su P.H., Chang Y.Z., Chen J.Y. Infant with in utero ketamine exposure: quantitative measurement of residual dosage in hair. Pediatr. Neonatol. 2010, 51:279-284.
61. Susse S., Selavka C.M., Mieczkowski T., Pragst F. Fatty acid ethyl ester concentrations in hair and self-reported alcohol consumption in 644 cases from different origin. Forensic Sci. Int. 2010, 196:111-117.
62. Tadeo J.L., Sanchez-Brunete C., Miguel E. Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human hair by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Talanta 2009, 78:138-143.
63. Toms L.M., Hearn L., Kennedy K., Harden F., Bartkow M., Temme C., Mueller J.F. Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in matched samples of human milk, dust and indoor air. Environ. Int. 2009, 35:864-869.
64. Toms L.M., Sjodin A., Harden F., Hobson P., Jones R., Edenfield E., Mueller J.F. Serum polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) levels are higher in children (2-5 years of age) than in infants and adults. Environ. Health Perspect. 2009, 117:1461-1465.
65. Tomy G.T., Palace V.P., Halldorson T., Braekevelt E., Danell R., Wautier K., Evans B., Brinkworth L., Fisk A.T. Bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and biochemical effects of brominated diphenyl ethers in juvenile lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). Environ. Sci. Technol. 2004, 38:1496-1504.
66. Tomy G.T., Pleskach K., Oswald T., Halldorson T., Helm P.A., Macinnis G., Marvin C.H. Enantioselective bioaccumulation of hexabromocyclododecane and congener-specific accumulation of brominated diphenyl ethers in an eastern Canadian Arctic marine food web. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42:3634-3639.
67. Verreault J., Gabrielsen G.W., Chu S., Muir D.C., Andersen M., Hamaed A., Letcher R.J. Flame retardants and methoxylated and hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers in two Norwegian Arctic top predators: glaucous gulls and polar bears. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 15(39):6021-6028. (16).
68. Wan Y., Hu J., Zhang K., An L. Trophodynamics of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the marine food web of Bohai Bay, North China. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42:1078-1083.
69. Wang K.L., Hsia S.M., Mao I.F., Chen M.L., Wang S.W., Wang P.S. Effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers on steroidogenesis in rat Leydig cells. Hum. Reprod. 2011, 26(8):2209-2217.
70. Wilford B.H., Shoeib M., Harner T., Zhu J., Jones K.C. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in indoor dust in Ottawa, Canada: implications for sources and exposure. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39(18):7027-7035.
71. Wilford B.H., Thomas G.O., Jones K.C., Davison B., Hurst D.K. Decabromodiphenyl ether (deca-BDE) commercial mixture components, and other PBDEs, in airborne particles at a UK site. Environ. Int. 2008, 34:412-419.
72. Wilhelm M., Idel H. Hair analysis in environmental medicine. Zentralbl. Hyg. Umweltmed. 1996, 198:485-501.
73. Wu N., Herrmann T., Paepke O., Tickner J., Hale R., Harvey E., La Guardia M., McClean M.D., Webster T.F. Human exposure to PBDEs: associations of PBDE body burdens with food consumption and house dust concentrations. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41(5):1584-1589.
74. Zhang G., Chakraborty P., Li J., Sampathkumar P., Balasubramanian T., Kathiresan K., Takahashi S., Subramanian A., Tanabe S., Jones K.C. Passive atmospheric sampling of organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in urban, rural, and wetland sites along the coastal length of India. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42:8218-8223.
75. Zhang J., Jiang Y., Zhou J., Wu B., Liang Y., Peng Z., Fang D., Liu B., Huang H., He C., Wang C., Lu F. Elevated body burdens of PBDEs, dioxins, and PCBS on thyroid hormone homeostasis at an electronic waste recycling site in China. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44:3956-3962.
76. Zhao G., Wang Z., Dong M.H., Rao K., Luo J., Wang D., Zha J., Huang S., Xu Y., Ma M. PBBs, PBDEs, and PCBs levels in hair of residents around e-waste disassembly sites in Zhejiang Province, China, and their potential sources. Sci. Total Environ. 2008, 397:46-57.
77. Zoeller R.T. Environmental chemicals impacting the thyroid: targets and consequences. Thyroid 2007, 17(9):811-817.