Gynecomastia

American Family Physician

Volumn 85, Issue 7, 2012, Pages 716-722

  Dickson, Gretchen ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE WICHITA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

17 OXOSTEROID; AMINOTRANSFERASE; ANABOLIC AGENT; ANASTROZOLE; ANDROSTANOLONE; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; AROMATASE INHIBITOR; BICALUTAMIDE; CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN; CLOMIFENE; CREATININE; DANAZOL; EPLERENONE; ESTRADIOL; ESTROGEN; FOLLITROPIN; LAVENDER OIL; LEAD; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; PHTHALIC ACID; PRASTERONE SULFATE; PROLACTIN; RALOXIFENE; SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATOR; SPIRONOLACTONE; TAMOXIFEN; TEA TREE OIL; TESTOSTERONE; THYROTROPIN; UNINDEXED DRUG;

ADRENAL TUMOR; ANGELICA SINENSIS; ARTICLE; BREAST; BREAST CANCER; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; CYSTIC FIBROSIS; ECHOMA; EMOTIONAL STRESS; GYNECOMASTIA; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; HYPOGONADISM; LEYDIG CELL TUMOR; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MASTALGIA; OBESITY; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; SOYBEAN; TESTIS INJURY; TESTIS TUMOR; TISSUE GROWTH; TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS; ULCERATIVE COLITIS; WEIGHT GAIN;

EID: 84859145718     PISSN: 0002838X     EISSN: 15320650     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Braunstein GD. Clinical practice. Gynecomastia. N Engl J Med. 2007; 357(12):1229-1237.
2. McKiernan JF, Hull D. Breast development in the newborn. Arch Dis Child. 1981;56(7):525-529.
3. Georgiadis E, Papandreou L, Evangelopoulou C, et al. Incidence of gynaecomastia in 954 young males and its relationship to somatometric parameters. Ann Hum Biol. 1994;21(6):579-587.
4. Lawrence SE, Faught KA, Vethamuthu J, Lawson ML. Benefcial effects of raloxifene and tamoxifen in the treatment of pubertal gynecomastia. J Pediatr. 2004;145 (1):71-76.
5. Biro FM, Lucky AW, Huster GA, Morrison JA. Hormonal studies and physical maturation in adolescent gynecomastia. J Pediatr. 1990; 116 (3): 450-455.
6. LaFranchi SH, Parlow AF, Lippe BM, Coyotupa J, Kaplan SA. Pubertal gynecomastia and transient elevation of serum estradiol level. Am J Dis Child. 1975;129(8):927-931.
7. Braunstein GD. Gynecomastia. N Engl J Med. 1993;328(7):490-495.
8. Niewoehner CB, Nuttal FQ. Gynecomastia in a hospitalized male population. Am J Med. 1984;77(4):633-638.
9. Derkacz M, Chmiel-Perzynska I, Nowakowski A. Gynecomastia-a dif-fcult diagnostic problem. Endokrynol Pol. 2011;62(2):190-202.
10. Thompson DF, Carter JR. Drug-induced gynecomastia. Pharmacother-apy. 1993;13(1):37-45.
11. Eckman A, Dobs A. Drug-induced gynecomastia. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2008;7(6):691-702.
12. Roke Y, van Harten PN, Boot AM, Buitelaar JK. Antipsychotic medication in children and adolescents: a descriptive review of the effects on prolactin level and associated side effects. J Child Adolesc Psychophar-macol. 2009;19(4):403-414.
13. Engbaek M, Hjerrild M, Hallas J, Jacobsen IA. The effect of low-dose spironolactone on resistant hypertension. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2010; 4(6):290-294.
14. McKenna C, Burch J, Suekarran S, et al. A systematic review and economic evaluation of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of aldosterone antagonists for postmyocardial infarction heart failure. Health Technol Assess. 2010;14 (24):1-162.
15. Henley DV, Lipson N, Korach KS, Bloch CA. Prepubertal gynecomastia linked to lavender and tea tree oils. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(5):479-485.
16. Goh SY, Loh KC. Gynaecomastia and the herbal tonic "Dong Quai". Singapore Med J. 2001; 42(3): 115-116.
17. Jameel JK, Kneeshaw PJ, Rao VS, Drew PJ. Gynaecomastia and the plant product "Tribulis terrestris." Breast. 2004;13(5):428-430.
18. Messina M. Soybean isofavone exposure does not have feminizing effects on men: a critical examination of the clinical evidence. Fertil Steril. 2010;93(7):2095-2104.
19. Toorians AW, Boyee TF, De Rooy J, Stolker LA, Hoogenboom RL. Gyn-aecomastia linked to the intake of a herbal supplement fortifed with diethylstillbestrol. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2010;27(7):917-925.
20. Basaria S. Androgen abuse in athletes: detection and consequences. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95 (4):1533-1543.
21. Visootsak J, Graham JM. Klinefelter syndrome and other sex chromosomal aneuploidies. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2006;1:42.
22. Harris M, Rizvi S, Hindmarsh J, Bryan R. Testicular tumour presenting as gynaecomastia. BMJ. 2006;332(7545):837.
23. Daniels IR, Layer GT. Testicular tumours presenting as gynaecomastia. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2003;29(5):437-439.
24. Muthusamy E. Hyperthyroidism with gynaecomastia, galactorrhoea and periodic paralysis. Singapore Med J. 1991;32(5):371-372.
25. Becker KL, Winnacker JL, Matthews MJ, Higgins GA Jr. Gynecomastia and hyperthyroidism. An endocrine and histological investigation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1968;28(2):277-285.
26. Iglesias P, Carrero JJ, Díez JJ. Gonadal dysfunction in men with chronic kidney disease: clinical features, prognostic implications and therapeutic options. J Nephrol. 2012;25(1):31-42.
27. Mehrotra R, Kopple JD. Nutritional management of maintenance dialysis patients: why aren't we doing better? Annu Rev Nutr. 2001;21:343-379.
28. Dundar B, Dundar N, Erci T, Bober E, Büyükgebiz A. Leptin levels in boys with pubertal gynecomastia. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2005;18 (10): 929-934.
29. Spyropoulou G, Karamatsoukis S, Foroglou P. Unilateral pseudogyne-comastia: an occupational hazard in manual metal-pressing factories? Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2011;35(2):270-273.
30. Durmaz E, Ozmert EN, Erkekoglu P, et al. Plasma phthalate levels in pubertal gynecomastia. Pediatrics. 2010;125 (1):e122-e129.
31. Den Hond E, Dhooge W, Bruckers L, et al. Internal exposures to pollutants and sexual maturation in Flemish adolescents. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2011;21(3):224-233.
32. Laituri CA, Garey CL, Ostlie DJ, St Peter SD, Gittes GK, Snyder CL. Treatment of adolescent gynecomastia. J Pediatr Surg. 2010;45(3):650-654.
33. Rho YK, Kim BJ, Kim MN, Kang KS, Han HJ. Laser lipolysis with pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser for the treatment of gynecomastia. Int J Derma-tol. 2009; 48(12):1353-1359.
34. Kolitsas N, Tsambalas S, Dimitriadis F, et al. Gynecomastia as a frst clinical sign of nonseminomatous germ cell tumor. Urol Int. 2011; 87(2): 248-250.
35. Muñoz Carrasco R, Alvarez Benito M, Muñoz Gomariz E, Raya Povedano JL, Martínez Paredes M. Mammography and ultrasound in the evaluation of male breast disease. Eur Radiol. 2010;20(12):2797-2805.
36. Brinton LA, Carreon JD, Gierach GL, McGlynn KA, Gridley G. Etiologic factors for male breast cancer in the U.S. Veterans Affairs medical care system database. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010;119 (1):185-192.
37. Hanavadi S, Banerjee D, Monypenny IJ, Mansel RE. The role of tamoxi-fen in the management of gynaecomastia. Breast. 2006;15(2):276-280.
38. Ozen H, Akyol F, Toktas G, et al. Is prophylactic breast radiotherapy necessary in all patients with prostate cancer and gynecomastia and/or breast pain? J Urol. 2010;184(2):519-524.
39. Parker LN, Gray DR, Lai MK, Levin ER. Treatment of gynecomastia with tamoxifen: a double-blind crossover study. Metabolism. 1986;35(8): 705-708.
40. McDermott MT, Hofeldt FD, Kidd GS. Tamoxifen therapy for painful idiopathic gynecomastia. South Med J. 1990; 83 (11):1283-1285.
41. Fradet Y, Egerdie B, Andersen M, et al. Tamoxifen as prophylaxis for prevention of gynaecomastia and breast pain associated with bicalutamide 150 mg monotherapy in patients with prostate cancer: a randomised, placebo-controlled, dose-response study. Eur Urol. 2007;52(1):106-114.
42. Bedognetti D, Rubagotti A, Conti G, et al. An open, randomised, multi-centre, phase 3 trial comparing the effcacy of two tamoxifen schedules in preventing gynaecomastia induced by bicalutamide monotherapy in prostate cancer patients. Eur Urol. 2010;57(2):238-245.
43. Mauras N, Bishop K, Merinbaum D, Emeribe U, Agbo F, Lowe E. Phar-macokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anastrozole in pubertal boys with recent-onset gynecomastia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(8): 2975-2978.
44. Plourde PV, Reiter EO, Jou HC, et al. Safety and effcacy of anastrozole for the treatment of pubertal gynecomastia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(9): 4428-4433.
45. Cigna E, Tarallo M, Fino P, De Santo L, Scuderi N. Surgical correction of gynecomastia in thin patients. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2011;35(4):439- 445.
46. Colombo-Benkmann M, Buse B, Stern J, Herfarth C. Indications for and results of surgical therapy for male gynecomastia. Am J Surg. 1999;178 (1):60-63.