3D gaze tracking method using Purkinje images on eye optical model and pupil

Optics and Lasers in Engineering

Volumn 50, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 736-751

  Lee, Ji Woo ^a   Cho, Chul Woo ^a   Shin, Kwang Yong ^a   Lee, Eui Chul ^b   Park, Kang Ryoung ^a  

^a Dongguk University   (South Korea)

^b Sangmyung University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

3D gaze position; 3D optical structure of human eye model; First and fourth Purkinje images; MLP

Indexed keywords

3-D SPACE; 3D APPLICATION; 3D GAZE POSITION; AVERAGE ERRORS; CENTER-BASED; FIRST AND FOURTH PURKINJE IMAGES; GAZE ESTIMATION; GAZE TRACKING; GEOMETRIC TRANSFORM; HUMAN EYE MODEL; MLP; MULTI-LAYERED; OPTICAL MODELS; OPTICAL STRUCTURES; PERCEPTRON; PUPIL SIZE; RELATIVE POSITIONS; STEREOSCOPIC DISPLAY; Z-DIRECTIONS;

LENSES; MATHEMATICAL TRANSFORMATIONS; RESEARCH;

THREE DIMENSIONAL;

EID: 84858795912     PISSN: 01438166     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2011.12.001     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. C.-S. Lin, C.-C. Huan, C.-N. Chan, M.-S. Yeh, and C.-C. Chiu Design of a computer game using an eye-tracking device for eyes activity rehabilitation Opt Lasers Eng 42 1 2004 91 108
2. C.-S. Lin, C.-W. Ho, K.-C. Chang, S.-S. Hung, H.-J. Shei, and M.-S. Yeh A novel device for head gesture measurement system in combination with eye-controlled humanmachine INTERFACE Opt Lasers Eng 44 6 2006 597 614 (Pubitemid 43277663)
3. A. Bulling, D. Roggen, and G. Tröster Wearable EOG goggles: seamless sensing and context-awareness in everyday environments J Ambient Intell Smart Environ 1 2 2009 157 171
4. L. Young, and D. Sheena Survey of eye movement recording methods Behav Res Methods Instrum 7 5 1975 397 429
5. D.H. Yoo, and M.J. Chung A novel non-intrusive eye gaze estimation using cross-ratio under large head motion Comput Vision Image Understanding 98 1 2005 25 51
6. J.-G. Wang, and E. Sung Study on eye gaze estimation IEEE Trans Syst, Man, Cybern, Part B 32 3 2002 332 350 (Pubitemid 34692406)
7. Murphy-Chutorian E, Doshi A, Trivedi MM. Head pose estimation for driver assistance systems: a robust algorithm and experimental evaluation. In: Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE Intelligence Transaction Systems Conference; 2007. pp. 70914.
8. C.W. Cho, J.W. Lee, E.C. Lee, and K.R. Park Robust gaze-tracking method using frontal-viewing and eye-tracking cameras Opt Eng 48 12 2009 127202-1 127202-15
9. Y.J. Ko, E.C. Lee, and K.R. Park A robust gaze detection method by compensating for facial movements based on corneal specularities Pattern Recognition Letters 29 10 2008 1474 1485
10. Bang JW, Lee EC, Park KR. New computer interface combining gaze tracking and brainwave measurements. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics; accepted for publication.
11. E.C. Lee, K.R. Park, M.C. Whang, and J. Park Robust gaze tracking method for stereoscopic virtual reality systems Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4552 2007 700 709
12. E.C. Lee, J.W. Lee, and K.R. Park Experimental investigations of pupil accommodation factors Invest Ophthalmol Visual Sci 52 9 2011 6478 6485
13. 〈http://www.avatarmovie.com/〉 [accessed 28.10.11].
14. 〈http://adisney.go.com/disneypictures/aliceinwonderland/〉 [accessed 28.10.11].
15. 〈http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0892791/〉 [accessed 28.10.11].
16. Y.-M. Kwon, K.-W. Jeon, J. Ki, Q.M. Shahab, S. Jo, and S.-K. Kim 3D gaze estimation and interaction to stereo display Int J Virtual Reality 5 3 2006 41 45
17. Hennessey C, Lawrence P. 3D point-of-gaze estimation on a volumetric display. In: Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on eye tracking research and applications; 2008. p. 59.
18. K. Essig, M. Pomplun, and H. Ritter A neural network for 3D gaze recording with binocular eye trackers Int J Parallel, Emergent Distributed Syst 21 2 2006 79 95 (Pubitemid 43065595)
19. T. Pfeiffer, M.E. Latoschik, and I. Wachsmuth Evaluation of binocular eye trackers and algorithms for 3D gaze interaction in virtual reality environments J Virtual Reality Broadcast 5 16 2008
20. Sumi K, Sugimoto A, Matsuyama T, Toda M, Tsukizawa S. Active wearable vision sensor: recognition of human activities and environments. In: Proceedings of international conference on informatics research for development of knowledge society infrastructure; 2004. p. 1522.
21. Mitsugami I, Ukita N, Kidode M. Estimation of 3D gazed position using view lines. In: Proceedings of international conference on image analysis and processing; 2003. p. 46671.
22. 〈http://www.logitech.com〉 [accessed 28.10.11].
23. Yamato M, Monden A, Matsumoto K, Inoue K, Torii K. Quick button selection with eye gazing for general GUI environments. In: Proceedings of international conference on software: theory and practice; 2000. p. 7129.
24. E.C. Lee, J.C. Woo, J.H. Kim, M. Whang, and K.R. Park A braincomputer interface method combined with eye tracking for 3D interaction J Neurosci Methods 190 2 2010 289 298
25. Cho CW, Lee JW, Shin KY, Lee EC, Park KR, Lee HK et al. Gaze tracking method for an IPTV interface based on support vector regression. ETRI J; submitted for publication.
26. R.C. Gonzalez, and R.E. Woods Digital image processing 2nd ed. 2002 Prentice-Hall NJ
27. E.C. Lee, Y.J. Ko, and K.R. Park Fake iris detection method using Purkinje images based on gaze position Opt Eng 47 6 2008 067,204-1 067,204-16
28. A. Gullstrand Helmholtzs physiological optics Opt Soc Am 1924 350 358
29. 〈http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation-(eye)〉 [accessed 28.10.11].
30. H.C. Lee, D.T. Luong, C.W. Cho, E.C. Lee, and K.R. Park Gaze tracking system at a distance for controlling IPTV IEEE Trans Consum Electron 56 4 2010 2577 2583
31. R. Jain, R. Kasturi, and B.G. Schunck Machine vision 1995 McGraw-Hill
32. H. Ripps, N.B. Chin, I.M. Siegel, and G.M. Breinin The effect of pupil size on accommodation, convergence, and the AC/A ratio Invest Ophthalmol Visual Sci 1 1962 127 135
33. H. Heo, E.C. Lee, K.R. Park, C.J. Kim, and M. Whang A realistic game system using multi-modal user interfaces IEEE Trans Consum Electron 56 3 2010 1364 1372
34. J.A. Freeman, and D.M. Skapura Neural networks: algorithms, applications, and programming techniques 1991 Addison-Wesley
35. K.H. Zou, K. Tuncali, and S.G. Silverman Correlation and simple linear regression Radiology 227 2003 617 622 (Pubitemid 36583011)
36. E.L. Zanutto A comparison of propensity score and linear regression analysis of complex survey data J Data Sci 4 1 2006 67 91
37. H. Drucker, C.J.C. Burges, L. Kaufman, A. Smola, and V. Vapnik Support vector regression machines Adv Neural Inf Process Syst 9 1997 155 161
38. A.J. Smola, and B. Schölkopf A tutorial on support vector regression Stat Comput 14 3 2004 199 222 (Pubitemid 39063488)