Distracting children during blood draw: Looking through distraction cards is effective in pain relief of children during blood draw

International Journal of Nursing Practice

Volumn 18, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 210-219

  Inal, Sevil ^a   Kelleci, Meral ^b  

^a ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^b CUMHURIYET UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

Blood draw; Distraction; Needle pain; Nursing; Pain relief; Procedural anxiety

Indexed keywords

ANALGESIA; ARTICLE; CHILD; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PAIN; PHLEBOTOMY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL;

CHILD; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PAIN; PAIN MANAGEMENT; PHLEBOTOMY; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES;

EID: 84858783234     PISSN: 13227114     EISSN: 1440172X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-172X.2012.02016.x     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Uman LS, Chambers CT, McGrath PJ, Kisely S. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials examining psychological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents: An abbreviated Cochrane review. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2008; 33: 842-854.
2. Hasanpour M, Tootoonchi M, Aein F, Yadegarfar G. The effects of two nonpharmacologic pain management methods for intramuscular injection pain in children. Acute Pain 2006; 8: 7-12.
3. Schechter NL, Zempsky WT, Cohen LL, McGrath PJ, McMurtry M, Bright NS. Pain reduction during pediatric immunizations: Evidence-based review and recommendations. Pediatrics 2007; 119: 1184-1198.
4. Cummings EA, Reid GJ, Finley GA, McGrath PJ, Ritchie JA. Prevalence and source of pain in pediatric inpatients. Pain 1996; 68: 25-31.
5. Wong ML, Chia KS, Yam WM, Teodoro GR, Lau KW. Willingness to donate blood samples for genetic research: A survey from a community in Singapore. Clinical Genetics 2004; 65: 45-51.
6. Hamilton JG. Needle phobia: A neglected diagnosis. The Journal of Family Practice 1995; 41: 169-175.
7. Spielberg F, Branson BM, Goldbaum GM etal. Overcoming barriers to HIV testing: Preferences for new strategies among clients of a needle exchange, a sexually transmitted disease clinic, and sex venues for men who have sex with men. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2003; 32: 318-327.
8. Rogers TL, Ostrow CL. The use of EMLA cream to decrease venipuncture pain in children. Journal of Pediatric Nursing 2004; 19: 33-39.
9. Taddio A, Appleton M, Bortolussi R etal. Reducing the pain of childhood vaccination: An evidence-based clinical practice guideline. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2010; 182: 43-55.
10. He HG, Pölkki T, Vehvilainen-Julkumen K, Pietla AM. Chinese nurses' use of non-pharmacological methods in children's postoperative pain relief. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2005; 51: 335-342.
11. Güdücü Tüfekci F, Çelebioǧlu A, Küçükoǧlu S. Turkish children loved distraction: Using kaleidoscope to reduce perceived pain during venipuncture. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2009; 18: 2180-2186.
12. McCaffery M. Nursing approaches to nonpharmacological pain control. International Journal of Nursing Studies 1990; 27: 1-5.
13. McCaul KD, Malott JM. Distraction and coping with pain. Psychological Bulletin 1984; 95: 516-533.
14. Vessey JA, Carison KL, McGill J. Use of distraction with children during an acute pain procedure. Nursing Research 1994; 43: 369-372.
15. McGrath P. Intervention and management. In: Bush JP, Harkins SW (eds). Children in Pain: Clinical and Research Issues from a Developmental Perspective. New York: Springer, 1991; 83-115.
16. Cassidy KL, Reid GJ, McGrath PJ etal. Watch needle, watch TV: Audiovisual distraction in preschool immunization. Pain Medicine (Malden, Mass.) 2002; 3: 108-118.
17. Cohen LL, Blount RL, Panopoulos G. Nurse coaching and cartoon distraction: An effective and practical intervention to reduce child, parent, and nurse distress during immunizations. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1997; 22: 355-370.
18. Manimala R, Blount RL, Cohen LL. The effects of parental reassurance vs. distraction on child distress and coping during immunizations. Children's Health Care 2000; 29: 161-177.
19. French GM, Painter EC, Coury DL. Blowing away shot pain: A technique for pain management during immunization. Pediatrics 1994; 93: 384-388.
20. Sparks L. Taking the 'ouch' out of injections for children. MCN. The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing 2001; 26: 72-78.
21. Gonzalez JC, Routh DK, Armstrong FD. Effect of maternal distraction vs. reassurance on children's reactions to injections. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 1993; 18: 593-604.
22. Mason S, Johnson MH, Wooley C. A comparison of distractors for controlling distress in young children during medical procedures. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings 1999; 6: 239-248.
23. Dowling JS. Humour: A coping strategy for pediatric patients. Pediatric Nursing 2002; 28: 123-131.
24. Arts SE, Abu-Saad HH, Champion GD etal. Age-related response to lidocaine-prilocaine (EMLA) emulsion and effect of music distraction on the pain of intravenous cannulation. Pediatrics 1994; 93: 797-801.
25. Hoffman HG, Doctor JN, Patterson DR, Carrougher GJ, Furness TA. Virtual reality as an adjunctive pain control during burn wound care in adolescent patients. Pain 2000; 85: 305-309.
26. Sander WS, Eshelman D, Steele J, Guzzetta CE. Effect distraction using virtual reality glasses during lumber punctures in adolescents with cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum 2002; 29: 8-15.
27. Windich-Biermeier A, Sjoberg I, Conkin Dale J, Eshelman D, Guzzetta CE. Effects of distraction on pain, fear, and distress during venous port access and venipuncture in children and adolescents with cancer. Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing 2007; 24: 8-19.
28. Kuttner L. Management of young children's acute pain and anxiety during invasive medical procedures. Pediatrician 1989; 16: 39-44.
29. Meyerhoff AS, Weniger BG, Jacobs RJ. Economic value to parents of reducing the pain and emotional distress of childhood vaccine infections. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 2001; 20: 57-62.
30. Hicks CL, Baeyer CL, Spafford PA, Korlaar I, Goodenough B. Faces Pain Scale-Revised: Toward a common metric in pediatric pain measurement. Pain 2001; 93: 173-183.
31. Stinson JN, Kavanagh T, Yamada J, Gill N, Stevens B. Systematic review of the psychometric properties, interpretability and feasibility of self-report pain intensity measures for use in clinical trials in children and adolescents. Pain 2006; 125: 143-157.
32. Fordyce WE. Learned pain: Pain as behavior. In: Bonica JJ (ed.). The Management of Pain. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1990; 291-299.
33. McCarthy AM, Kleiber C. A conceptual model of factors influencing children's responses to a painful procedure when parents are distraction coaches. Journal of Pediatric Nursing 2006; 21: 88-98.
34. Hays RM, Hackworth SR, Speltz ML, Weinstein P. Exploration of variables related to children's behavioral distress during electrodiagnosis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1992; 73: 1160-1162.
35. Kotzer AM. Factors predicting postoperative pain in children and adolescents following spine fusion. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing 2000; 23: 83-102.
36. Kleiber C, Harper DC. Effect of distraction on children's pain and distress during medical procedures: A meta-analysis. Nursing Research 1999; 48: 44-49.
37. MacLaren JE, Cohen LL. A comparison of distraction strategies for venipuncture distress in children. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 2005; 30: 387-396.
38. DeMore M, Cohen LL. Distraction for pediatric immunization pain: A critical review. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings 2005; 12: 281-291.
39. Turner JA, Deyo RA, Loeser JD, Korff MV, Fordyce WE. The importance of placebo effects in pain treatment and research. JAMA 1994; 271: 1609-1614.