How executive functions are related to intelligence in Williams syndrome

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Volumn 33, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 1169-1175

  Osório, Ana ^a   Cruz, Raquel ^b   Sampaio, Adriana ^a   Garayzábal, Elena ^c   Martínez Regueiro, Rocío ^b   Gonçalves, Óscar F ^a   Carracedo, Ángel ^b,d   Fernández Prieto, Montse ^b,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINHO   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID   (Spain)

^d Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine   (Spain)

Author keywords

Executive functions; Intelligence; Williams syndrome

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; FRONTAL LOBE; HUMAN; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; MALE; MENTAL TASK; PATIENT ASSESSMENT; PSYCHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; RESPONSE TIME; SCHOOL CHILD; SEX DIFFERENCE; TASK PERFORMANCE; WILLIAMS BEUREN SYNDROME; WORKING MEMORY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CHILD; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; FRONTAL LOBE; HUMANS; INTELLIGENCE; MALE; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM; NEURAL INHIBITION; STROOP TEST; WECHSLER SCALES; WILLIAMS SYNDROME; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84858717161     PISSN: 08914222     EISSN: 18733379     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.02.003     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Ackerman P.L., Beier M.E., Boyle M.O. Working memory and intelligence: The same or different constructs?. Psychological Bulletin 2005, 131(1):30.
2. Anderson M.C., Spellman B.A. On the status of inhibitory mechanisms in cognition: Memory retrieval as a model case. Psychological Review 1995, 102(1):68.
3. Ardila A., Pineda D., Rosselli M. Correlation between intelligence test scores and executive function measures. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 2000, 15(1):31-36.
4. Atkinson J., Braddick O., Anker S., Curran W., Andrew R., Wattam-Bell J., et al. Neurobiological models of visuospatial cognition in children with Williams syndrome: Measures of dorsal-stream and frontal function. Developmental Neuropsychology 2003, 23(1-2):139-172.
5. Bellugi U., Korenberg J.R., Klima E.S. Williams syndrome: An exploration of neurocognitive and genetic features. Clinical Neuroscience Research 2001, 1(3):217-229.
6. Bellugi U., Lichtenberger L., Jones W., Lai Z., St.George M. The neurocognitive profile of Williams syndrome: A complex pattern of strengths and weaknesses. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2000, 12(Suppl. 1):7-29.
7. Capitão L., Sampaio A., Férnandez M., Sousa N., Pinheiro A., Gonçalves ó.F. Williams syndrome hypersociability: A neuropsychological study of the amygdala and prefrontal cortex hypotheses. Research in Developmental Disabilities 2011, 32:1169-1179.
8. Costantini A., Hoving K. The effectiveness of reward and punishment contingencies on response inhibition. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 1973, 16(3):484-494.
9. Das J. A better look at intelligence. Current Directions in Psychological Science 2002, 11(1):28.
10. Dempster F.N. Inhibitory processes: A negleted dimension of intelligence. Intelligence 1991, 15(2):157-173.
11. Dempster F.N., Corkill A.J. Individual differences in susceptibility to interference and general cognitive ability. Acta Psychologica 1999, 101(2-3):395-416.
12. Dodd H.F., Porter M.A. Psychopathology in Williams syndrome: The effect of individual differences across the life span. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities 2009, 2(2):89-109.
13. Ewart A.K., Morris C.A., Atkinson D., Jin W., Sternes K., Spallone P., et al. Hemizygosity at the elastin locus in a developmental disorder, Williams syndrome. Nature Genetics 1993, 5(1):11-16. 10.1038/ng0993-11.
14. Farran E.K., Jarrold C., Gathercole S.E. Block design performance in the Williams syndrome phenotype: A problem with mental imagery?. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 2001, 42(6):719-728.
15. Friedman N.P., Miyake A., Corley R.P., Young S.E., DeFries J.C., Hewitt J.K. Not all executive functions are related to intelligence. Psychological Science 2006, 17(2):172.
16. Heaton R.K. Wisconsin card sorting test, manual 1981, Psychological Assessment Resources, Odessa, FL.
17. Hongwanishkul D., Happaney K.R., Lee W.S.C., Zelazo P.D. Assessment of hot and cool executive function in young children: Age-related changes and individual differences. Developmental Neuropsychology 2005, 28(2):617-644.
18. Howlin P., Davies M., Udwin O. Cognitive functioning in adults with Williams syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 1998, 39(2):183-189.
19. Jarrold C., Towse J.N. Individual differences in working memory. Neuroscience 2006, 139(1):39-50.
20. Kennedy J.C.M.D., Kaye D.L.M.D., Sadler L.S.M.D. Psychiatric diagnoses in patients with Williams syndrome and their families. Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry 2006, 20(1):4.
21. Korenberg J.R., Chen X.N., Hirota H., Lai Z., Bellugi U., Burian D., et al. Genome structure and cognitive map of Williams syndrome. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2000, 12(Suppl. 1):89-107.
22. Menghini D., Addona F., Costanzo F., Vicari S. Executive functions in individuals with Williams syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 2010, 54(5):418-432.
23. Mervis C.B., Klein-Tasman B.P. Williams syndrome: Cognition, personality, and adaptive behavior. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews 2000, 6(2):148-158.
24. Michel F., Anderson M. Using the antisaccade task to investigate the relationship between the development of inhibition and the development of intelligence. Developmental Science 2009, 12(2):272-288.
25. Miyake A., Friedman N.P., Emerson M.J., Witzki A.H., Howerter A., Wager T.D. The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex. Cognitive Psychology 2000, 41(1):49-100.
26. Mobbs D., Eckert M.A., Mills D., Korenberg J., Bellugi U., Galaburda A.M., et al. Frontostriatal dysfunction during response inhibition in Williams syndrome. Biological Psychiatry 2007, 62(3):256-261.
27. Polderman T.J.C., de Geus E.J.C., Hoekstra R.A., Bartels M., van Leeuwen M., Verhulst F.C., et al. Attention problems, inhibitory control, and intelligence index overlapping genetic factors: A study in 9-, 12-, and 18-year-old twins. Neuropsychology 2009, 23(3):381.
28. Porter M.A., Coltheart M., Langdon R. The neuropsychological basis of hypersociability in Williams and Down syndrome. Neuropsychologia 2007, 45(12):2839-2849.
29. Rabbitt P., Lowe C., Shilling V. Frontal tests and models for cognitive ageing. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 2001, 13(1-2):5-28.
30. Raitan R. Validity of the Trail Making Test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1958, 8(3):271-276.
31. Rhodes S.M., Riby D.M., Park J., Fraser E., Campbell L.E. Executive neuropsychological functioning in individuals with Williams syndrome. Neuropsychologia 2010, 48(5):1216-1226.
32. Rockstroh S., Schweizer K. The contributions of memory and attention processes to cognitive abilities. The Journal of General Psychology 2001, 128(1):30-42.
33. Sampaio A., Férnandez M., Henriques M., Carracedo á., Sousa N., Gonçalves ó.F. Cognitive functioning in Williams Syndrome: A study in Portuguese and Spanish patients. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 2009, 13(4):337-342.
34. Searcy Y.M., Lincoln A.J., Rose F.E., Klima E.S., Bavar N., Korenberg J.R. The relationship between age and IQ in adults with Williams syndrome. Journal Information 2004, 109(3).
35. Semel E.M., Rosner S.R. Understanding Williams syndrome: Behavioral patterns and interventions 2003, Lawrence Erlbaum.
36. Spreen O., Strauss E. A compendium of neuropsychological tests: Administration, norms, and commentary 1991, Oxford Univ. Press Inc., New York.
37. Strømme P., Bjømstad P.G., Ramstad K. Prevalence estimation of Williams syndrome. Journal of Child Neurology 2002, 17(4):269.
38. Stroop J.R. Studies of inference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology 1935, 18:643-662.
39. Udwin O., Davies M., Hosylin P. A longitudinal study of cognitive abilities and educational attainment in Williams syndrome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 1996, 38(11):1020-1029.
40. Wechsler D. Wechsler adult intelligence scale. Manual 1997, Psychological Corporation, San Antonio. 3rd ed.
41. Weschler D. Weschler intelligence scale for children 2003, 4th ed.