Australia's no-take marine protected areas: Appropriate conservation or inappropriate management of fishing?

Marine Policy

Volumn 36, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 1064-1071

  Kearney, R ^a   Buxton, C D ^b   Farebrother, G ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CANBERRA   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

Fishery management; Marine conservation; Marine protected areas

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; FISHERY MANAGEMENT; MARINE ENVIRONMENT; PROTECTED AREA; REGULATORY FRAMEWORK;

AUSTRALIA;

EID: 84858711477     PISSN: 0308597X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2012.02.024     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Penn J, Fletcher W The efficacy of snactuary areas for the management of fish stocks and biodiveristy in WA waters. Fisheries Research Report No. 169, Deparment of Fisheries, Western Australia; 2010.
2. Kearney R Science and Marine Parks in New South Wales: The Hoodwinking Continues. Seminar presented to the Fisheries Centre, (accessed August 24, 2011). 2008 . http://www.canberra.edu.au.
3. Kearney R The pros and cons of marine protected areas in New South Wales: who's been hoodwinked?. Spatial Management in Fisheries: Australian Society for Fish Biology Workshop Proceedings, Canberra, September 2007 2011, Australian Society for Fish Biology, Canberra. M.A. Treloar, R.D. Tilzey (Eds.).
4. Robinson KIM, Pollard DA Marine and Estuarine Reserves in Australia with particular reference to New South Wales. Wetlands (Australia) 1982, 2:17-26.
5. IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas. 50 Years of Working for Protected Areas: A brief history of IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas. Gland: IUCN; 2010.
6. United Nations Rio Declaration on Environment and Development 1992, The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro.
7. 1992, Australian Government Publishing Service, NSESD: AGPS. National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development. Canberra.
8. Commonwealth of Australia InterGovernmental Agreement on the Environment. 1992, Department of the Arts, Environment, Sport and Territories, Canberra.
9. Commonwealth of Australia Australia's Oceans Policy: Volume 2, Specific Sectoral Measures, (accessed August 26, 2011).1998 . http://www.environment.gov.au.
10. Commonwealth of Australia Australia's Oceans Policy, Volume 1, (accessed August 26, 2011).1998 . http://www.environment.gov.au.
11. ESD Steering Committee. National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development 1992, AGPS, Canberra.
12. Dept. EST. The National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia's Biological Diversity. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, Department of the Environment, Sport and Territories; 1996.
13. EPBC Act Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, (accessed August 12, 2011).1999 . http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Browse/ByTitle/Acts/Asmade.
14. Gaines SD, Lester SE, Grorud-Colvert K, Costello C, Pollnac R Evolving science of marine reserves: new developments and emerging research frontiers. PNAS 2010, 107:18251-18255.
15. Lester SE, Halpern BS, Grorud-Colvert K, Lubchenco J, Ruttenberg BI, Gaines SD, et al. Biological effects within no-take marine reserves: a global synthesis. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 2009, 384:33-46.
16. Frusher SD, Hoenig JM, Gardner C. Have changes in selectivity masked recruitment declines in crustacean trap fisheries?. Fish Res 2003, 65:467-474.
17. Barrett NS, Buxton CD, Edgar GJ. Changes in invertebrate and macroalgal populations in Tasmanian marine reserves in the decade following protection. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 2009, 370:104-119.
18. MPA NSW. A review of benefits of Marine Protected Areas and Related Zoning Considerations 2008, Marine Parks Authority of New South Wales, Sydney.
19. 1994, Government of NSW, Government of NSW. Fisheries Management Act 1994. Sydney.
20. Government of Western Australia. Fish Resources Management Act 1994, (accessed September 28, 2011).1994 . http://www.slp.wa.gov.au/legislation/statutes.nsf/main_mrtitle_345_homepage.html.
21. Government of South Australia. Fisheries Management Act 2007, (accessed December 10, 2011).2007 . http://www.legislation.sa.gov.au/LZ/C/A/FISHERIES%20MANAGEMENT%20ACT%202007/CURRENT/2007.4.UN.PDF.
22. Buxton C, Barrett N, Haddon M, Gardner C, Edgar G. Evaluating the effectiveness of marine protected areas as a fisheries management tool, FRDC final report 1999/162 2006, Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, Canberra.
23. United Nations. Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. New York: United Nations; 1987.
24. IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas. WCPA Strategic Plan 2005-2012. Gland: IUCN; 2005.
25. Ward T, Alder J, Margules C, Sainsbury K, Tarte D, Zann L Biodiversity Conservation: the major issues relating to the effective conservation of biological diversity in Australia's marine realm. Australia's Ocean Policy, Issues 1997, Environment Australia, Paper 7 Canberra.
26. Boersma PD, Parrish JK. Limiting abuse: marine protected areas, a limited solution. Ecol Econ 1999, 31:287-304.
27. Beeton R, Buckley KI, Jones GJ, Morgan D, Reichelt RE, Trewin D Australia State of the Environment 2006, Independent Report to the Australian Government Minister for the Environment and Heritage Canberra, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Canberra, 2006.
28. 1991, Commonwealth of Australia, Commonwealth of Australia. Fisheries Management Act 1991. Canberra.
29. Dudley N Guidelines for Applying Protected Area Management Categories 2008, IUCN, Gland Switzerland.
30. Rowling K, Hegarty A, Ives M. Status of Fisheries Resources in NSW 2008/09 2010, Industry and Investment NSW, Sydney.
31. Wilson DT, Curtotti R, Begg GA Fishery Status Reports 2009: Status of Fish Stocks and Fisheries Managed by the Australian Government, Australian Bureau of Agriculture and Resource Economics - Bureau of Rural Sciences, Canberra; 2010.
32. CBD. Convention on Biological Diversity, (accessed August 26, 2011).1992 . http://www.cbd.int/convention/text/.
33. Hilborn R Faith-based fisheries. Fisheries 2006, 31:554-555.
34. Kearney R (in press) Faith, conservation and science. Science Under Siege 2011, Royal Zoological Society of NSW, Sydney. C. Dickman (Ed.).
35. ANZECC TFMPA Strategic plan of Sction for the National Representative System of Marine Protected Areas: A Guide for Action by Australian Governments 1999, Australia and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council Task Force on Marine Protected Areas, Canberra.
36. Nevill J, Ward T The National Representative System of Marine Protected Areas: comment on recent progress. Ecol Manage Restor 2009, 10:228-231.
37. Wiens JA Riverine landscapes: taking landscape ecology into the water. Freshwater Biol 2002, 47:501-515.
38. Steele JH Can ecological theory cross the land sea boundary?. J Theor Biol 1991, 153:425-436.
39. Norse EA, Grimes CB, Ralston S, Hilborn R, Castilla JC, Palumbi SR, et al. Marine reserves: the best option for our oceans?. Front Ecol 2003, 1:495-502.
40. Beeton B, Burbidge A, Grigg G, Harrison P, How R, Humphreys B, et al. Final report of the Christmas Island expert working group to the Minister for Environment Protection. Heritage and the Arts 2010, Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Canberra.
41. ANZECC TFMPA Guidelines for Establishing the National Representative System of Marine Protected Areas 1998, Australia and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council Task Force on Marine Protected Areas, Canberra.
42. ACT Government. ACT Lowland Woodland Conservation Strategy, (accessed November 29,2011).2004 . http://www.tams.act.gov.au/_data/assets/pdf_file/0004/61546/actionplan27t7.pdf.
43. Commonwealth of Australia. National Forest Policy Stataement: A New Focus For Australia's Forests, (accessed September 13, 2011).1992 . http://www.daff.gov.au/forestry/policies/statement.
44. DENR. Marine Parks Fast Facts, (accessed September 27, 2011).2011 . http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/bc27e8a2-0319-44b5-b3dd-9eca0102201f/mp-fact-.
45. Macdonald I, Debus B Ministers' Foreword in Strategic Framework for the Evaluation and Monitoring of Marine Parks in NSW, (accessed September 27, 2011).2004 . http://www.mpa.nsw.gov.au/pdf/sf-Pg1-7.pdf.
46. Possingham H Developing Australia's national system of Marine Reserves: A Statement of Concern about the Proposal for Australia's South West Marine Region, (accessed August 17, 2011).2011 . http://www.saveourmarinelife.org.au/somlblog/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/South-West-Marine-Region-Science-Statement-Of-Concern.pdf.
47. Firth V. Marine Parks will Preserve Recreational Fishers' Future 2007, 20. Letter to 'Northern Star' October, Sydney, 2007.
48. Roberts CM, Hawkins JP. Fully-Protected Marine Reserves: A Guide 2000, WWF Endangered Seas Campaign, Washington, DC and York.
49. Ludwig D, Hilborn R, Walters CJ Uncertainty, resource exploitation, and conservation - lessons from history. Science 1993, 260:5104.
50. FAO FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries 1995, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
51. Bohnsack JA, Ault J Management strategies to conserve marine biodiversity. Oceanography 1996, 9:73-82.
52. Dayton P. Reversal of the burden of proof in fisheries management. Science 1998, 279:821-822.
53. Guenette S, Lauck T, Clark C Marine reserves: from Beverton and Holt to the present. Rev Fish Biol Fish 1998, 8:1-21.
54. Pauly D, Christensen V, Dalsgaard J, Froese R, Torres FJ Fishing down the food web. Science 1998, 279:860-863.
55. US National Research Council Marine Protected Areas: Tools for Sustaining Oceans Ecosystems. 1999, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
56. Parrish R, Seger J, Yoklavich M Marine Reserves to Supplement Management of West Coast Groundfish Resources 2000, Fishery Management Council, Portland, OR: Pacific.
57. Clover C The End of the Line, (accessed September 29, 2011). 2009 . http://endoftheline.com/film/.
58. Alder J, Cullis-Suzuki S, Karpouzi V, Kaschner K, Mondoux S, Swartz W, et al. Aggregate performance in managing marine ecosystems of 53 maritime countries. Mar Policy 2010, 34:468-476.
59. Worm B, Hilborn R, Baum JK, Branch TA, Collie JS, Costello C, et al. Rebuilding global fisheries. Science 2009, 325:578-585.
60. Mace PM. Developing and sustaining world fisheries resources: the state of the science and management (keynote presentation). Developing and Sustaining World Fisheries Resources: The State of the Science and Management - 2nd World Fisheries Congress, Brisbane, 1996 1997, CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Vic. D.A. Hancock, D.C. Smith, A. Grant, J.P. Beumer (Eds.).
61. DPIWEAssessing the ecological sustainability of the Tasmanian scallop fishery. Application to the Department of Environment and Heritage, Australia for Approval of the Tasmanian Scallop Fishery under Schedule 4 of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. Hobart, Tasmania: Department of Primary Industries, Water and Evironment; 2005.
62. AMSA (NSW). New South Wales AMSA Position Statement on Marine Protected Areas and No-take Marine Sanctuaries May 2008. Australian Marine Sciences Association; 2008.
63. Lubchenco J, Palumbi SR, Gaines SD, Andelman S Plugging a hole in the ocean: the emerging science of marine reserves. Ecol Appl 2003, 13:S3-S7.
64. Ward TJ, Heinemann D, Evans N The Role of Marine Reserves as Fisheries Management Tools: A Review of Concepts, Evidence and International Experience, Canberra: Bureau of Rural Sciences; 2001.
65. Goñi R, Hilborn R, Diaz D, Mallol S, Alderstein S Net contribution of spillover from a marine reserve to fishery catches. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 2010, 400:233-243.
66. Russ GR, Alcala AC, Maypa AP Spillover from marine reserves: the case of Naso vlamingii at Apo Island, the Philippines. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 2003, 264:15-20.
67. Polacheck T. Year around closed areas as a management tool. Nat Res Model 1990, 4:327-354.
68. Nowlis JS. Short- and long-term effects of three fishery-management tools on depleted fisheries. Bull Mar Sci 2000, 6:651-662.
69. World Bank Scaling up marine management: the role of marine protected areas. Report Number 36635-GLB, : World Bank, Washington, USA; 2006.
70. Hilborn R, Stokes K, Maguire JJ, Smith T, Botsford LW, Mangel M, et al. When can marine reserves improve fisheries management?. Ocean Coast Manage 2004, 47:197-205.
71. Shipp R. A perspective on marine reserves as a fishery management tool. Fisheries 2003, 28:10-21.
72. Le Quesne WJF, Codling EA Managing mobile species with MPAs: the effects of mobility, larval dispersal, and fishing mortality on closure size. ICES J Mar Sci 2009, 66:122-131.
73. Buxton CD, Haddon M, Bradshaw M. Regional Impact Assessment for the Marine Protected Areas proposed for the South-East Region 2006, Tasmanian Aquaculture & Fisheries Institute, Hobart.
74. Connell JH. Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs. Science 1978, 199:1302-1310.
75. Krohne DT General Ecology 2001, Brooks/Cole, Pacific Grove CA. 2nd ed.
76. Gardner C, Frusher SD, Eaton L. Fishery Assessment Report: Rock Lobster 2000, Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, Hobart, Tasmania.
77. Agardy T. Advances in marine conservation: the role of marine protected areas. Trends Ecol Evol 1994, 9:267-270.
78. Nix HA. Management of parks and reserves for the conservation of biological diversity. National Parks and Protected Areas: Selection, Delimitation, and Management. Armidale: Centre for Water Policy Research 1997, J.J. Pigram, R.C. Sundell (Eds.).
79. Crofts R. Protected areas: from Durban onwards. Parks 2008, 17:5-12.
80. Lindenmayer D, Recher H. Aspects of ecologically sustainable forestry in temperate Eucalyptus forests - beyond an expanded reserve system. Pac Conserv Biol 1998, 4:4-10.
81. Hall S. The Effects of Fishing on Marine Ecosystems and Communities 1999, Blackwell Science, London.
82. Parrish R Marine reserves for fishery management: why not. Calif Coop Ocean Fish Invest 1999, 40:77-86.
83. Government of South Australia. Blueprint for the South Australian Representative System of Marine Protected Areas, (accessed December 21,2011).2004 . http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/Home/Search_Results?dlv_Site%20Wide%20Search%20Results=%28keyword=marine%20protected%20area%29.
84. SIMS. S150: Independent Scientific Audit of Marine Parks Sydney Institute of Marine Sciences (SIMS) submission, (accessed December 21, 2011). 2011 . http://www.marineparksaudit.nsw.gov.au/submissions/submissions-received/.
85. Government of NSW. Marine Parks Authority NSW, (accessed December 21, 2011).n.d. http://www.mpa.nsw.gov.au/.
86. Pitcher TJ, Kalikoski D, Pramod G. Evaluations of compliance with the FAO (UN). Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 2006, 14. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, p. 1192.
87. Weaver K, Alden D. Australia's Oceans Policy: A Fisheries Management Perspective Presented at the International Symposium on Society and Resource Management: Application of Social Sciences to Resource Management in the Asia-Pacific Region 1999, Society and Resource Management, Brisbane.
88. Hewitt C, Campbell M. The Relative Contribution of Vectors to the Introduction and Translocation of Invasive Marine Species: Keeping Marine Pests out of Australian Waters 2010, Commonwealth of Australia, The Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra.
89. Kearney R, Buxton CD, Goodsell P, Farebrother G. Questionable interpretation of the precautionary principle in Australia's implementation of 'no-take' marine protected areas. Mar Policy 2012, 36:592-597.