Flow cytometry as a diagnostic tool in lymphomatous or leukemic meningitis: Ready for prime time?

Cancer

Volumn 118, Issue 7, 2012, Pages 1747-1753

  Ahluwalia, Manmeet S ^a,b   Wallace, Paul K ^c   Peereboom, David M ^a,b  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b TAUSSIG CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^c ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Cytology; Flow cytometry; Intrathecal chemotherapy; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Meningitis

Indexed keywords

CD19 ANTIGEN; CD20 ANTIGEN; CD22 ANTIGEN; CD5 ANTIGEN; COMMON ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA ANTIGEN;

ANTIGEN EXPRESSION; BRAIN TUMOR; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER INFILTRATION; CANCER RECURRENCE; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID CYTOLOGY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; FALSE NEGATIVE RESULT; FALSE POSITIVE RESULT; FLOW CYTOMETRY; HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCY; HUMAN; IMMUNOPHENOTYPING; INTRAOCULAR LYMPHOMA; LEUKEMIC MENINGITIS; LYMPHOMATOUS MENINGITIS; NONHODGKIN LYMPHOMA; PLEOCYTOSIS; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PRIMARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LYMPHOMA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

CYTODIAGNOSIS; EARLY DETECTION OF CANCER; FLOW CYTOMETRY; HUMANS; LEUKEMIC INFILTRATION; LYMPHOMA; MENINGEAL CARCINOMATOSIS; MENINGITIS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

EID: 84858700743     PISSN: 0008543X     EISSN: 10970142     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.26335     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Nugent JL, Bunn PA Jr, Matthews MJ, et al. CNS metastases in small cell bronchogenic carcinoma: increasing frequency and changing pattern with lengthening survival. Cancer. 1979;44:1885-1893. (Pubitemid 10141970)
2. Bendell JC, Domchek SM, Burstein HJ, et al. Central nervous system metastases in women who receive trastuzumabbased therapy for metastatic breast carcinoma. Cancer. 2003;97:2972-2977. (Pubitemid 36676250)
3. Bunn PA Jr, Schein PS, Banks PM, DeVita VT Jr. Central nervous system complications in patients with diffuse histiocytic and undifferentiated lymphoma: leukemia revisited. Blood. 1976;47:3-10.
4. Law A, Karp DD, Dipetrillo T, Daly BT. Emergence of increased cerebral metastasis after high-dose preoperative radiotherapy with chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma. Cancer. 2001;92: 160-164. (Pubitemid 32624389)
5. Simone J. Acute lymphocytic leukemia in childhood. Semin Hematol. 1974;11:25-39.
6. Nies BA, Thomas LB, Freireich EJ. Meningeal leukemia; a follow-up study. Cancer. 1965;18:546-553.
7. Simone JV. History of the treatment of childhood ALL: a paradigm for cancer cure. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2006;19:353-359.
8. Pui CH, Cheng C, Leung W, et al. Extended follow-up of long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:640-649. (Pubitemid 36975996)
9. van Besien K, Ha CS, Murphy S, et al. Risk factors, treatment, and outcome of central nervous system recurrence in adults with intermediate-grade and immunoblastic lymphoma. Blood. 1998;91:1178-1184. (Pubitemid 28086870)
10. Hill QA, Owen RG. CNS prophylaxis in lymphoma: who to target and what therapy to use. Blood Rev. 2006;20:319- 332.
11. Hollender A, Kvaloy S, Nome O, Skovlund E, Lote K, Holte H. Central nervous system involvement following diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a risk model. Ann Oncol. 2002;13:1099-1107.
12. Chamberlain MC. Neoplastic meningitis. Neurologist. 2006; 12:179-187. (Pubitemid 44134044)
13. Huang TY, Arita N, Ushio Y, Hayakawa T, Yamada K. Pharmacokinetics of intrathecal 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3- nitrosourea hydrochloride in rats. J Neurooncol. 1994;19:245-250. (Pubitemid 24296632)
14. Kim L, Glantz MJ. Neoplastic meningitis. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2001;2:517-527.
15. Chowdhary S, Chamberlain M. Leptomeningeal metastases: current concepts and management guidelines. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2005;3:693-703. (Pubitemid 44265414)
16. Chamberlain MC, Nolan C, Abrey LE. Leukemic and lymphomatous meningitis: incidence, prognosis and treatment. J Neurooncol. 2005;75:71-83. (Pubitemid 41548680)
17. Chamberlain MC, Glantz M, Groves MD, Wilson WH. Diagnostic tools for neoplastic meningitis: detecting disease, identifying patient risk, and determining benefit of treatment. Semin Oncol. 2009;36(4 suppl 2):S35-S45.
18. Chamberlain MC, Junck L. Defining patients at risk for neoplastic meningitis: what parameters can be used to determine who should be treated? Expert Rev Neurother. 2004;4(suppl 4):S3-S10.
19. Hegde U, Filie A, Little RF, et al. High incidence of occult leptomeningeal disease detected by flow cytometry in newly diagnosed aggressive B-cell lymphomas at risk for central nervous system involvement: the role of flow cytometry versus cytology. Blood. 2005;105:496-502. (Pubitemid 40070727)
20. Quijano S, Lopez A, Manuel Sancho J, et al;Spanish Group for the Study of CNS Disease in NHL. Identification of leptomeningeal disease in aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: improved sensitivity of flow cytometry. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:1462-1469.
21. Glass JP, Melamed M, Chernik NL, Posner JB. Malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): the meaning of a positive CSF cytology. Neurology. 1979;29:1369-1375. (Pubitemid 9256272)
22. Olson ME, Chernik NL, Posner JB. Infiltration of the leptomeninges by systemic cancer. A clinical and pathologic study. Arch Neurol. 1974;30:122-137.
23. Wasserstrom WR, Glass JP, Posner JB. Diagnosis and treatment of leptomeningeal metastases from solid tumors: experience with 90 patients. Cancer. 1982;49:759-772. (Pubitemid 12165435)
24. DeAngelis LM, Cairncross JG. A better way to find tumor in the CSF? Neurology. 2002;58:339-340. (Pubitemid 34150903)
25. Levin N, Soffer D, Grissaru S, Aizikovich N, Gomori JM, Siegal T. Primary T-cell CNS lymphoma presenting with leptomeningeal spread and neurolymphomatosis. J Neurooncol. 2008;90:77-83.
26. Di Noto R, Scalia G, Abate G, et al. Critical role of multidimensional flow cytometry in detecting occult leptomeningeal disease in newly diagnosed aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Leuk Res. 2008;32:1196-1199.
27. Bromberg JE, Breems DA, Kraan J, et al. CSF flow cytometry greatly improves diagnostic accuracy in CNS hematologic malignancies. Neurology. 2007;68:1674-1679. (Pubitemid 46763254)
28. Schinstine M, Filie AC, Wilson W, Stetler-Stevenson M, Abati A. Detection of malignant hematopoietic cells in cerebral spinal fluid previously diagnosed as atypical or suspicious. Cancer. 2006;108:157-162.
29. Craig FE, Ohori NP, Gorrill TS, Swerdlow SH. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of cerebrospinal fluid specimens. Am J Clin Pathol. 2011;135:22-34.
30. Bommer M, Nagy A, Schopflin C, Pauls S, Ringhoffer M, Schmid M. Cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis: pitfalls and benefits of combined analysis using cytomorphology and flow cytometry. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol). 2011;119:20-26.
31. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology™ Central Nervous System Cancers (V. 1.2008). Available at: http://www.nccn.org. Accessed July 16, 2011.
32. Glantz MJ, Cole BF, Glantz LK, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology in patients with cancer: minimizing false-negative results. Cancer. 1998;82:733-739. (Pubitemid 28090286)
33. Kraan J, Gratama JW, Haioun C, et al. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of cerebrospinal fluid. Curr Protoc Cytom. 2008;Chapter 6:Unit 6.25.
34. Faia LJ, Chan CC. Primary intraocular lymphoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2009;133:1228-1232.
35. Davis JL, Viciana AL, Ruiz P. Diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma by flow cytometry. Am J Ophthalmol. 1997;124:362- 372.
36. Davis JL, Miller DM, Ruiz P. Diagnostic testing of vitrectomy specimens. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005;140:822-829.
37. Baraniskin A, Kuhnhenn J, Schlegel U, et al. Identification of microRNAs in the cerebrospinal fluid as marker for primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system. Blood. 2011;117:3140-3146.