메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 101, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 389-397

Management of Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) and acute stroke;Management der Transienten Ischämischen Attacke (TIA) und des akuten hirnschlags

Author keywords

Acute stroke; Management; Secondary prevention; Transient ischemic attack

Indexed keywords

BLOOD CLOT LYSIS; DISABILITY; ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY; HUMAN; PROPHYLAXIS; SECONDARY PREVENTION; SHORT SURVEY; STROKE; STROKE UNIT; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK;

EID: 84858431686     PISSN: 16618157     EISSN: 16618165     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a000866     Document Type: Short Survey
Times cited : (1)

References (60)
  • 2
    • 66849099871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition and evaluation of transient ischemic attack. A scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; and the Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease
    • Easton JD, Saver JL, Albers GW, et al.:Definition and evaluation of transient ischemic attack. A scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; and the Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease. Stroke 2009; 40: 2276-2293.
    • (2009) Stroke , vol.40 , pp. 2276-2293
    • Easton, J.D.1    Saver, J.L.2    Albers, G.W.3
  • 3
    • 0030994811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient neurological attacks in the general population: Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical relevance
    • Bots ML, van der Wilk EC, Koudstaal PJ, Hofmann A,Grobbee DE: Transient neurological attacks in the general population. Prevalence, risk factors and clinical relevance. Stroke 1997; 28: 768-773. (Pubitemid 27161461)
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 768-773
    • Bots, M.L.1    Van Der, W.E.C.2    Koudstaal, P.J.3    Hofman, A.4    Grobbee, D.E.5
  • 4
    • 21844476457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple score (ABCD) to identify individuals at high early risk of stroke after transient ischaemic attack
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66702-5, PII S0140673605667025
    • Rothwell PM, Giles MF, Flossmann E, et al.: A simple score (ABCD) to identify individuals at high early risk of stroke after transient ischemic attack. Lancet 2005; 366: 29-36. (Pubitemid 40956527)
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , Issue.9479 , pp. 29-36
    • Rothwell, P.M.1    Giles, M.F.2    Flossmann, E.3    Lovelock, C.E.4    Redgrave, J.N.E.5    Warlow, C.P.6    Mehta, Z.7
  • 5
    • 1342288363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early risk of recurrence by subtype of ischemic stroke in population-based incidence studies
    • Lovett JK, Coull AJ, Rothwell PM: Early risk of recurrence by subtype of ischemic stroke in population-based incidence studies. Neurology 2004; 62: 569-573. (Pubitemid 38252797)
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.62 , Issue.4 , pp. 569-573
    • Lovett, J.K.1    Coull, A.J.2    Rothwell, P.M.3
  • 6
    • 0034645547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-termprognosis after emergency department diagnosis of TIA
    • Johnston SC, Gress DR, Browner WS, Sidney S: Short-termprognosis after emergency department diagnosis of TIA. JAMA 2000; 284: 2901-2906.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 2901-2906
    • Johnston, S.C.1    Gress, D.R.2    Browner, W.S.3    Sidney, S.4
  • 7
    • 1042267958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population based study of early risk of stroke after transient ischemic attack orminor stroke: Implications for public education and organization of services
    • On behalf of the Oxford Vascular Study
    • Coull AJ, Lovett JK, Rothwell PM:On behalf of the Oxford Vascular Study. Population based study of early risk of stroke after transient ischemic attack orminor stroke: implications for public education and organization of services. BMJ 2004; 328: 326.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 326
    • Coull, A.J.1    Lovett, J.K.2    Rothwell, P.M.3
  • 8
    • 67650034775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population based study of risk and predictors of stroke in the first few hours after a TIA
    • on behalf of the Oxford Vascular Study
    • Chandratheva A, Mehta Z, Geraghty OC, et al.: And on behalf of the Oxford Vascular Study. Population based study of risk and predictors of stroke in the first few hours after a TIA.Neurology 2009; 72: 1941-1947.
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.72 , pp. 1941-1947
    • Chandratheva, A.1    Mehta, Z.2    Geraghty, O.C.3
  • 9
    • 38849181177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of urgent treatment of transient ischemic attack andminor stroke on early recurrent stroke (EXPRESS study): A prospective population-based sequential comparison
    • Rothwell PM, Giles MF, Chadrathewa A, et al.: Effect of urgent treatment of transient ischemic attack andminor stroke on early recurrent stroke (EXPRESS study): a prospective population-based sequential comparison. Lancet 2008; 370: 1398-1400.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.370 , pp. 1398-1400
    • Rothwell, P.M.1    Giles, M.F.2    Chadrathewa, A.3
  • 10
    • 79952071770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor performance of current prognostic scores for early risk of recurrence after minor stroke
    • Chandratheva A, Geraghty OC, Rothwell OM: Poor performance of current prognostic scores for early risk of recurrence after minor stroke. Stroke 2011; 42: 632-637.
    • (2011) Stroke , vol.42 , pp. 632-637
    • Chandratheva, A.1    Geraghty, O.C.2    Rothwell, O.M.3
  • 11
    • 0033229398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplement to the guidelines for the management of transient ischemic attacks: A statement from the Ad Hoc Committee on guidelines for the management of transient ischemic attacks, stroke council, American Heart Association
    • Albers GW, Hart RG, Lutsep HL, Newell DW, Sacco RL: AHA Scientific Statement. Supplement to the guidelines for the management of transient ischemic attacks: A statement from the Ad Hoc Committee on Transient Ischemic Attacks, Stroke Council, American Heart Association. Stroke 1999; 30: 2502-2511. (Pubitemid 29517756)
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , Issue.11 , pp. 2502-2511
    • Albers, G.W.1    Hart, R.G.2    Lutsep, H.L.3    Newell, D.W.4    Sacco, R.L.5
  • 12
    • 76549092810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early treatment with aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole for transient ischaemic attack or ischaemic stroke within 24 h of symptom onset (EARLY trial): A randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial
    • EARLY Investigators
    • Dengler R, Diener HC, Schwartz A, et al.: EARLY Investigators. Early treatment with aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole for transient ischaemic attack or ischaemic stroke within 24 h of symptom onset (EARLY trial): a randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9: 159-166.
    • (2010) Lancet Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 159-166
    • Dengler, R.1    Diener, H.C.2    Schwartz, A.3
  • 13
    • 0028783948 scopus 로고
    • Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke
    • The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group
    • The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group:Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. NEJM 1995; 333: 1581-1587.
    • (1995) NEJM , vol.333 , pp. 1581-1587
  • 14
    • 52649165720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke
    • ECASS Investigators
    • Hacke W, Kaste M, Bluhmki E, et al.: ECASS Investigators. Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke. NEJM 2008; 359: 1317-1329.
    • (2008) NEJM , vol.359 , pp. 1317-1329
    • Hacke, W.1    Kaste, M.2    Bluhmki, E.3
  • 15
    • 33745272966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanding the treatment window with mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke
    • DOI 10.1007/s00234-006-0073-4
    • Layton KF, White JB, Cloft HJ, Kallmes DF, Manno EM. Expanding the treatment window withmechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke. Neuroradiology 2006; 48: 402-404. (Pubitemid 43923161)
    • (2006) Neuroradiology , vol.48 , Issue.6 , pp. 402-404
    • Layton, K.F.1    White, J.B.2    Cloft, H.J.3    Kallmes, D.F.4    Manno, E.M.5
  • 16
    • 0033486107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT II study: A randomized controlled trial. Prolyse in acute cerebral thromboembolism
    • Furlan A, Higashida R, Wechsler L, et al.: Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT II study: a randomized controlled trial. Prolyse in acute cerebral thromboembolism. JAMA 1999; 282: 2003-2011.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.282 , pp. 2003-2011
    • Furlan, A.1    Higashida, R.2    Wechsler, L.3
  • 18
    • 0034618861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of acute ischemic stroke
    • Brott T, Bogousslavsky J: Treatment of acute ischemic stroke. NEJM 2000; 388: 710-722.
    • (2000) NEJM , vol.388 , pp. 710-722
    • Brott, T.1    Bogousslavsky, J.2
  • 19
    • 0031721749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
    • Hart RG, Sherman DG, Easton JD, Cairns JA: Prevention of stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.Neurology 1998; 51: 674-681. (Pubitemid 28449242)
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.51 , Issue.3 , pp. 674-681
    • Hart, R.G.1    Sherman, D.G.2    Easton, J.D.3    Cairns, J.A.4
  • 21
    • 84858428675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost of clopidogrel use in atrial fibrillation in the ACTIVE-A trial
    • Epub ahead of print
    • Lamy A, Tong W, Gao P, et al.:The cost of clopidogrel use in atrial fibrillation in the ACTIVE-A trial. Can J Cardiol 2011;10 [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2011) Can J Cardiol , pp. 10
    • Lamy, A.1    Tong, W.2    Gao, P.3
  • 22
    • 79952438997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation
    • Veltkamp R, Hacke W: New oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation. Nervenarzt 2011; 82: 182-184.
    • (2011) Nervenarzt , vol.82 , pp. 182-184
    • Veltkamp, R.1    Hacke, W.2
  • 23
    • 67649210104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspirin vs anticoagulation in carotid artery dissection: A study of 298 patients
    • Georgiadis D, Arnold M, von Buedingen HC, et al.: Aspirin vs anticoagulation in carotid artery dissection: a study of 298 patients. Neurology 2009; 72: 1810-1815.
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.72 , pp. 1810-1815
    • Georgiadis, D.1    Arnold, M.2    Von Buedingen, H.C.3
  • 24
    • 79651475608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age modifies the relative risk of stenting versus endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis - A pooled analysis of EVA-35, SPACE and ICSS
    • Carotid Stenting Trialists' Collaboration
    • Bonati LH, Fraedrich G: Carotid Stenting Trialists' Collaboration: Age modifies the relative risk of stenting versus endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis - a pooled analysis of EVA-35, SPACE and ICSS. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2011; 41: 153-158.
    • (2011) Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg , vol.41 , pp. 153-158
    • Bonati, L.H.1    Fraedrich, G.2
  • 25
    • 77957192193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term outcome after stenting versus endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis: A pre-planned meta-analysis of individual patient data
    • Carotid Stenting Trialists' Collaboration
    • Carotid Stenting Trialists' Collaboration: Short-term outcome after stenting versus endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis: a pre-planned meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet 2010; 376: 1062-1073.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.376 , pp. 1062-1073
  • 26
    • 77949471360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): An interim analysis of a randomized controlled trial
    • International Carotid Stenting Study investigators
    • International Carotid Stenting Study investigators. Carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (International Carotid Stenting Study): an interim analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2010; 375: 985-997.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 985-997
  • 27
    • 77954204134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stenting versus endarterectomy for treatment of carotid-artery stenosis
    • CREST Investigators
    • CREST Investigators: Stenting versus endarterectomy for treatment of carotid-artery stenosis.NEJM2010; 363: 11-23.
    • (2010) NEJM , vol.363 , pp. 11-23
  • 28
    • 77957189028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 10-year stroke prevention after successful carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic stenosis (ACST-1): A multicentre randomized trial
    • Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial (ACST) Collaborative Group
    • Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial (ACST) Collaborative Group: 10-year stroke prevention after successful carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic stenosis (ACST-1): a multicentre randomized trial. Lancet 2010; 376: 1074-1084.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.376 , pp. 1074-1084
  • 29
    • 20144366696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of Warfarin and Aspirin for symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis
    • Chimowitz MI, Lynn MJ, Howlett-Smith H, et al.: Comparison of Warfarin and Aspirin for symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis. NEJM 2005; 352: 1305-1316.
    • (2005) NEJM , vol.352 , pp. 1305-1316
    • Chimowitz, M.I.1    Lynn, M.J.2    Howlett-Smith, H.3
  • 30
    • 33644869866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of ischemic stroke in the territory of a symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis
    • Kasner SE, Chimowitz MI, Lynn MJ, et al.: Predictors of ischemic stroke in the territory of a symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis. Circulation 2006; 113: 555-563.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , pp. 555-563
    • Kasner, S.E.1    Chimowitz, M.I.2    Lynn, M.J.3
  • 31
    • 77649087363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In-hospital complication rates after stent treatment of 388 symptomatic intracranial stenoses - Results from the INTRASTENT Multicentric Registry
    • The INTRASTENT Study Group
    • Kurre W, Berkefeld J, Brassel F, et al.:The INTRASTENT Study Group. In-hospital complication rates after stent treatment of 388 symptomatic intracranial stenoses - results from the INTRASTENT Multicentric Registry. Stroke 2010; 41: 494-498.
    • (2010) Stroke , vol.41 , pp. 494-498
    • Kurre, W.1    Berkefeld, J.2    Brassel, F.3
  • 32
    • 77953952895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • German Stroke Study Collaboration. Symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenoses: Prevalence and prognosis in patients with acute cerebral ischemia
    • Weber R, Kraywinkel K, Diener HC, Weimar C: German Stroke Study Collaboration. Symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenoses: prevalence and prognosis in patients with acute cerebral ischemia. Cerebrovasc Dis 2010; 30: 188-193.
    • (2010) Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.30 , pp. 188-193
    • Weber, R.1    Kraywinkel, K.2    Diener, H.C.3    Weimar, C.4
  • 33
    • 77950627212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus aspirin alone for reducing embolisation in patients with acute symptomatic cerebral or carotid artery stenosis (CLAIR study): A randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial
    • CLAIR study investigators
    • CLAIR study investigators: Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus aspirin alone for reducing embolisation in patients with acute symptomatic cerebral or carotid artery stenosis (CLAIR study): a randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9: 489-497.
    • (2010) Lancet Neurol , vol.9 , pp. 489-497
  • 34
    • 80052834654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stenting versus aggressive medical therapy for intracranial arterial Stenosis
    • Chimonitz MI, Lynn MS, Derdeyn CP, et al.: Stenting versus aggressive medical therapy for intracranial arterial Stenosis. NEJM 2011, 365: 993-1003.
    • (2011) NEJM , vol.365 , pp. 993-1003
    • Chimonitz, M.I.1    Lynn, M.S.2    Derdeyn, C.P.3
  • 36
    • 0035857141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recurrent cerebrovascular events associated with patent foramen ovale, atrial septal aneurysm, or both
    • Mas JL, Arquizan C, Lamy C, et al.: Recurrent cerebrovascular events associated with patent foramen ovale, atrial septal aneurysm, or both.NEJM2001; 345: 1740-1746.
    • (2001) NEJM , vol.345 , pp. 1740-1746
    • Mas, J.L.1    Arquizan, C.2    Lamy, C.3
  • 37
    • 1842528129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice Parameter: Recurrent stroke with patent foramen ovale and atrial septal aneurysm. Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Messe S, Silverman I, Kizer J, et al.: Practice parameter: recurrent stroke with patent foramen ovale and atrial septal aneurysm: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2004; 62: 1042-1050. (Pubitemid 38456495)
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.62 , Issue.7 , pp. 1042-1050
    • Messe, S.R.1    Silverman, I.E.2    Kizer, J.R.3    Homma, S.4    Zahn, C.5    Gronseth, G.6    Kasner, S.E.7
  • 38
    • 34548177821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the 2007 Food and Drug Administration Circulatory System Devices Panel meeting on patent foramen ovale closure devices
    • DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.709972, PII 0000301720070807000017
    • Slottow TL, Steinberg DH, Waksman R: Overview of the 2007 Food and Drug Administration Circulatory System Devices Panel meeting on patent foramen ovale closure devices. Circulation 2007; 116: 677-682. (Pubitemid 47356353)
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , Issue.6 , pp. 677-682
    • Slottow, T.L.P.1    Steinberg, D.H.2    Waksman, R.3
  • 39
    • 1642461456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcatheter Closure versus Medical Therapy of Patent Foramen Ovale and Presumed Paradoxical Thromboemboli: A Systematic Review
    • Khairy P,O'Donnell CP, Landzberg MJ: Transcatheter closure versus medical therapy of patent foramen ovale and presumed paradoxical thromboemboli: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139: 753-760. (Pubitemid 38129075)
    • (2003) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.139 , Issue.9 , pp. 753-760
    • Khairy, P.1    O'Donnell, C.P.2    Landzberg, M.J.3
  • 40
    • 36549034768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood cholesterol and vascularmortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: A meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deaths
    • Lewington S, Whitlock G, Clarke R, et al.: Blood cholesterol and vascularmortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deaths. Lancet 2007; 370: 1829-1839.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.370 , pp. 1829-1839
    • Lewington, S.1    Whitlock, G.2    Clarke, R.3
  • 41
    • 0035968623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure lowering regimen among 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack
    • Progress Collaborative Group
    • Progress Collaborative Group: Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure lowering regimen among 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack. Lancet 2001; 358: 1033-1041.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 1033-1041
  • 42
    • 0242694033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure reduction and secondary prevention of stroke and other vascular events. A systematic review
    • Rashid P, Leonardi-Bee J, Bath P: Blood pressure reduction and secondary prevention of stroke and other vascular events. A systematic review. Stroke 2003; 34: 2741-2749.
    • (2003) Stroke , vol.34 , pp. 2741-2749
    • Rashid, P.1    Leonardi-Bee, J.2    Bath, P.3
  • 43
    • 0242525141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of Weight Reduction on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
    • DOI 10.1161/01.HYP.0000094221.86888.AE
    • Neter JE, Stam BE, Kok FJ, et al.: Influence of weight reduction on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hypertension 2003; 42: 878-884. (Pubitemid 37413724)
    • (2003) Hypertension , vol.42 , Issue.5 , pp. 878-884
    • Neter, J.E.1    Stam, B.E.2    Kok, F.J.3    Grobbee, D.E.4    Geleijnse, J.M.5
  • 44
    • 79959944601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. ACCORD study (Action of Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes)
    • Müller-Wieland D, Nietschmann S: Cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. ACCORD study (Action of Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes). Internist 2011; 52: 601-604.
    • (2011) Internist , vol.52 , pp. 601-604
    • Müller-Wieland, D.1    Nietschmann, S.2
  • 46
    • 20444427156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morbidity and mortality after stroke, eprosartan compared with nitrendipine for secondary prevention: Principal results of a prospective randomized controlled study (MOSES)
    • Schrader J, Lüders S, Kulschewski A, et al.: Morbidity and mortality after stroke, eprosartan compared with nitrendipine for secondary prevention: principal results of a prospective randomized controlled study (MOSES). Stroke 2005; 36: 1218-1226.
    • (2005) Stroke , vol.36 , pp. 1218-1226
    • Schrader, J.1    Lüders, S.2    Kulschewski, A.3
  • 47
    • 0032511580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group: Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. BMJ 1998; 317: 703-713.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 703-713
  • 48
    • 0034688194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor: Ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients
    • The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators
    • The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators: Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor: ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. NEJM 2000; 342: 145-153.
    • (2000) NEJM , vol.342 , pp. 145-153
  • 49
    • 77749282912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of anti-hypertensive-drug class on interindividual variation in blood pressure and risk of stroke: A systemic review and meta-analysis
    • Webb AJ, Fischer U, Metha Z, Rothwell PM: Effect of anti-hypertensive- drug class on interindividual variation in blood pressure and risk of stroke: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2010; 375: 906-915.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 906-915
    • Webb, A.J.1    Fischer, U.2    Metha, Z.3    Rothwell, P.M.4
  • 51
    • 0037031061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20'536 high-risk individuals: A randomised placebo-controlled trial
    • Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group
    • Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group: MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20'536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 360: 7-22.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 7-22
  • 52
    • 36448964544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack: The Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) trial
    • DOI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.493106, PII 0000767020071200000016
    • Amarenco P, Goldstein LB, Szarek M, et al.: Effects of intense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack: the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) trial. Stroke 2007; 38: 3198-3204. (Pubitemid 350175737)
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , Issue.12 , pp. 3198-3204
    • Amarenco, P.1    Goldstein, L.B.2    Szarek, M.3    Sillesen, H.4    Rudolph, A.E.5    Callahan, A.6    Hennerici, M.7    Simunovic, L.8    Zivin, J.A.9    Welch, K.M.A.10
  • 53
    • 0024545999 scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of relation between cigarette smoking and stroke
    • Shinton R, Beevers G: Meta-analysis of relation between cigarette smoking and stroke. BMJ 1989; 298: 789-794. (Pubitemid 19084523)
    • (1989) British Medical Journal , vol.298 , Issue.6676 , pp. 789-794
    • Shinton, R.1    Beevers, G.2
  • 54
    • 66149135608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological implications of primary and secondary stroke prevention
    • Bejot Y,Giroud M: Epidemiological implications of primary and secondary stroke prevention. Handb Clin Neurol 2009; 92: 389-405.
    • (2009) Handb Clin Neurol , vol.92 , pp. 389-405
    • Bejot, Y.1    Giroud, M.2
  • 56
    • 33745614361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varenicline, an alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, vs sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation: A randomized controlled trial
    • Gonzales D, Rennard SI, Nides M, et al.: Varenicline, an alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, vs sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Ass 2006; 296: 47-55.
    • (2006) J Am Med Ass , vol.296 , pp. 47-55
    • Gonzales, D.1    Rennard, S.I.2    Nides, M.3
  • 58
    • 85046525812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise intensity and risk of chronic disease
    • Hu FB, Manson JE: Exercise intensity and risk of chronic disease. JAMA 2000; 284: 1784-1785.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.284 , pp. 1784-1785
    • Hu, F.B.1    Manson, J.E.2
  • 59
    • 79960930906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salt reduction lowers cardiovascular risk: Meta-analysis of outcome trials
    • He FJ, MacGregor GA: Salt reduction lowers cardiovascular risk: meta-analysis of outcome trials. Lancet 2011; 378: 380-382.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.378 , pp. 380-382
    • He, F.J.1    MacGregor, G.A.2
  • 60
    • 31444443311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fruit and vegetable consumption and stroke: Meta-analysis of cohort studies
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68069-0, PII S0140673606680690
    • He FJ, Nowson CA, MacGregor GA: Fruit and vegetable consumption and stroke:meta-analysis of cohort studies. Lancet 2006; 367: 320-326. (Pubitemid 43151465)
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.367 , Issue.9507 , pp. 320-326
    • He, F.J.1    Nowson, C.A.2    MacGregor, G.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.