메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 49, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 400-409

Passive surveillance for I. scapularis ticks: Enhanced analysis for early detection of emerging Lyme disease risk

Author keywords

endemic area; Ixodes scapularis; Lyme disease

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CANADA; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; IXODES; LYME DISEASE; PARASITE VECTOR; POPULATION DENSITY; RISK ASSESSMENT; STATISTICAL MODEL; VALIDATION STUDY;

EID: 84858378546     PISSN: 00222585     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1603/ME11210     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (66)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0026616057 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation structure influences the burden of immature Ixodes dammini on its main host, Peromyscus leucopus
    • Adler, G. H., S. R. Telford, III, M. L. Wilson, and A. Spielman. 1992. Vegetation structure influences the burden of immature Ixodes dammini on its main host, Peromyscus leucopus. Parasitology 105 (Pt. 1): 105-110.
    • (1992) Parasitology , vol.105 , Issue.PART 1 , pp. 105-110
    • Adler, G.H.1    Telford III, S.R.2    Wilson, M.L.3    Spielman, A.4
  • 3
    • 33845722419 scopus 로고
    • Factor analysis and AIC
    • Akaike, H. 1987. Factor analysis and AIC. Pyschometrika 52: 317-332.
    • (1987) Pyschometrika , vol.52 , pp. 317-332
    • Akaike, H.1
  • 4
    • 0030187467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microclimate-dependent survival of unfed adult Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in nature: Life cycle and study design implications
    • Bertrand, M. R., and M. L. Wilson. 1996. Microclimate-dependent survival of unfed adult Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in nature: Life cycle and study design implications. J. Med. Entomol. 33: 619-627.
    • (1996) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.33 , pp. 619-627
    • Bertrand, M.R.1    Wilson, M.L.2
  • 5
    • 79955370677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dobirds affectLymedisease risk? Range expansion of the vector-borne pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi
    • Brinkerhoff, R. J., C. M. Folsom-O'Keefe, and K. Tsao. 2011a. Dobirds affectLymedisease risk? Range expansion of the vector-borne pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi. Front. Ecol. Environ. 9: 103-110.
    • (2011) Front. Ecol. Environ. , vol.9 , pp. 103-110
    • Brinkerhoff, R.J.1    Folsom-O'Keefe, C.M.2    Tsao, K.3
  • 6
    • 79952721657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional variation in immature Ixodes scapularis parasitism on North American songbirds: Implications for transmission of the Lyme pathogen, Borrelia burgdorferi
    • Brinkerhoff, R. J., C. M. Folsom-O'Keefe, H. M. Streby, S. J. Bent, K. Tsao, and M. A. Diuk-Wasser. 2011b. Regional variation in immature Ixodes scapularis parasitism on North American songbirds: Implications for transmission of the Lyme pathogen, Borrelia burgdorferi. J. Med. Entomol. 48: 422-428.
    • (2011) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.48 , pp. 422-428
    • Brinkerhoff, R.J.1    Folsom-O'Keefe, C.M.2    Streby, H.M.3    Bent, S.J.4    Tsao, K.5    Diuk-Wasser, M.A.6
  • 7
    • 0042698846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A climate-based model predicts the spatial distribution of the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis in the United States
    • Brownstein, J. S., T. R. Holford, and D. Fish. 2003. A climate-based model predicts the spatial distribution of the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis in the United States. Environ. Health Perspect. 111: 1152-1157.
    • (2003) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.111 , pp. 1152-1157
    • Brownstein, J.S.1    Holford, T.R.2    Fish, D.3
  • 8
    • 27644583920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest fragmentation predicts local scale heterogeneity of Lyme disease risk
    • Brownstein, J. S., D. K. Skelly, T. R. Holford, and D. Fish. 2005. Forest fragmentation predicts local scale heterogeneity of Lyme disease risk. Oecologia 146: 469-475.
    • (2005) Oecologia , vol.146 , pp. 469-475
    • Brownstein, J.S.1    Skelly, D.K.2    Holford, T.R.3    Fish, D.4
  • 10
    • 78751470706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection of a cutoff value for real-time polymerase chain reaction results to fit a diagnostic purpose: Analytical and epidemiologic approaches
    • Caraguel, C. G., H. Stryhn, N. Gagne, I. R. Dohoo, and K. L. Hammell. 2011. Selection of a cutoff value for real-time polymerase chain reaction results to fit a diagnostic purpose: Analytical and epidemiologic approaches. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 23: 2-15.
    • (2011) J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. , vol.23 , pp. 2-15
    • Caraguel, C.G.1    Stryhn, H.2    Gagne, N.3    Dohoo, I.R.4    Hammell, K.L.5
  • 12
    • 0032161789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reported distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the United States
    • Dennis, D. T., T. S. Nekomoto, J. C. Victor, W. S. Paul, and J. Piesman. 1998. Reported distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the United States. J. Med. Entomol. 35: 629-638.
    • (1998) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.35 , pp. 629-638
    • Dennis, D.T.1    Nekomoto, T.S.2    Victor, J.C.3    Paul, W.S.4    Piesman, J.5
  • 14
    • 77954820390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Field and climate-based model for predicting the density of host-seeking nymphal Ixodes scapularis, an important vector of tick-borne disease agents in the eastern United States
    • Diuk-Wasser, M. A., G. Vourc'h, P. Cislo, A. G. Gatewood, F. Melton, S. A. Hamer, M. Rowland, M. R. Cortinas, G. Hickling, J. Tsao, et al. 2010. Field and climate-based model for predicting the density of host-seeking nymphal Ixodes scapularis, an important vector of tick-borne disease agents in the eastern United States. Global Ecol. Biogeogr. 19: 504-514.
    • (2010) Global Ecol. Biogeogr. , vol.19 , pp. 504-514
    • Diuk-Wasser, M.A.1    Vourc'h, G.2    Cislo, P.3    Gatewood, A.G.4    Melton, F.5    Hamer, S.A.6    Rowland, M.7    Cortinas, M.R.8    Hickling, G.9    Tsao, J.10
  • 15
    • 0030953391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of methods for the assessment of prediction in conservation presence/absence models
    • Fielding, A. H., and J. F. Bel. 1997. A review of methods for the assessment of prediction in conservation presence/absence models. Environ. Conserv. 24: 38-49.
    • (1997) Environ. Conserv. , vol.24 , pp. 38-49
    • Fielding, A.H.1    Bel, J.F.2
  • 16
    • 0002263742 scopus 로고
    • Population ecology of Ixodes dammini
    • In H. S. Ginsber (ed.). Rutgers University Press, Piscataway, NJ
    • Fish, D. 1993. Population ecology of Ixodes dammini, pp. 25-42. In H. S. Ginsber (ed.), Ecology and management of Lyme disease. Rutgers University Press, Piscataway, NJ.
    • (1993) Ecology and Management of Lyme Disease , pp. 25-42
    • Fish, D.1
  • 17
    • 24144470799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the Youden Index and its associated cutoff point
    • Fluss, R., D. Faraggi, and B. Reiser. 2005. Estimation of the Youden Index and its associated cutoff point. Biom. J. 47: 458-472.
    • (2005) Biom.J. , vol.47 , pp. 458-472
    • Fluss, R.1    Faraggi, D.2    Reiser, B.3
  • 19
    • 0028032702 scopus 로고
    • Predicting Ixodes scapularis abundance on white-tailed deer using geographic information systems
    • Glass, G. E., F. P. Amerasinghe, J. M. Morgan, III, and T. W. Scott. 1994. Predicting Ixodes scapularis abundance on white-tailed deer using geographic information systems. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 51: 538-544.
    • (1994) Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. , vol.51 , pp. 538-544
    • Glass, G.E.1    Amerasinghe, F.P.2    Morgan III, J.M.3    Scott, T.W.4
  • 22
    • 0034732869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles and practical application of the receiver-operating characteristic analysis for diagnostic tests
    • Greiner, M., D. Pfeiffer, and R. D. Smith. 2000. Principles and practical application of the receiver-operating characteristic analysis for diagnostic tests. Prev. Vet. Med. 45: 23-41.
    • (2000) Prev. Vet. Med. , vol.45 , pp. 23-41
    • Greiner, M.1    Pfeiffer, D.2    Smith, R.D.3
  • 24
    • 84972488102 scopus 로고
    • Generalized additive models
    • Hastie, T., and R. Tibshirani. 1986. Generalized additive models. Stat. Sci. 1: 297-318.
    • (1986) Stat. Sci. , vol.1 , pp. 297-318
    • Hastie, T.1    Tibshirani, R.2
  • 25
    • 0025813215 scopus 로고
    • Consensus conference on Lyme disease
    • Health Canada
    • Health Canada. 1991. Consensus conference on Lyme disease. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 144: 1627-1632.
    • (1991) Can. Med. Assoc.J. , vol.144 , pp. 1627-1632
  • 26
    • 1842578256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, and Borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes scapularis, southern coastal Maine
    • Holman, M. S., D. A. Caporale, J. Goldberg, E. Lacombe, C. Lubelczyk, P. W. Rand, and R. P. Smith. 2004. Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, and Borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes scapularis, southern coastal Maine. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 10: 744-746.
    • (2004) Emerg. Infect. Dis. , vol.10 , pp. 744-746
    • Holman, M.S.1    Caporale, D.A.2    Goldberg, J.3    Lacombe, E.4    Lubelczyk, C.5    Rand, P.W.6    Smith, R.P.7
  • 28
    • 0018273508 scopus 로고
    • The genus Ixodes in the United States: A scanning electron microscope study and key to the adults
    • Keirans, J. E., and C. M. Clifford. 1978. The genus Ixodes in the United States: A scanning electron microscope study and key to the adults. J. Med. Entomol. (Suppl.) 2: 1-149.
    • (1978) J. Med. Entomol. (Suppl.) , vol.2 , pp. 1-149
    • Keirans, J.E.1    Clifford, C.M.2
  • 29
    • 0030138991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ixodes (Ixodes) scapularis (Acari:Ixodidae): Redescription of all active stages, distribution, hosts, geographical variation, and medical and veterinary importance
    • Keirans, J. E., H. J. Hutcheson, L. A. Durden, and J. S. Klompen. 1996. Ixodes (Ixodes) scapularis (Acari:Ixodidae): Redescription of all active stages, distribution, hosts, geographical variation, and medical and veterinary importance. J. Med. Entomol. 33: 297-318.
    • (1996) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.33 , pp. 297-318
    • Keirans, J.E.1    Hutcheson, H.J.2    Durden, L.A.3    Klompen, J.S.4
  • 31
    • 0343384398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of climatic change on the northern latitude limit and population density of the disease-transmitting European tick Ixodes ricinus
    • Lindgren, E., L. Talleklint, and T. Polfeldt. 2000. Impact of climatic change on the northern latitude limit and population density of the disease-transmitting European tick Ixodes ricinus. Environ. Health. Perspect. 108: 119-123.
    • (2000) Environ. Health. Perspect. , vol.108 , pp. 119-123
    • Lindgren, E.1    Talleklint, L.2    Polfeldt, T.3
  • 32
    • 0032061441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival and development of the different life stages of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) held within four habitats on Long Point, Ontario, Canada
    • Lindsay, L. R., I. K. Barker, G. A. Surgeoner, S. A. McEwen, T. J. Gillespie, and E. M. Addison. 1998. Survival and development of the different life stages of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) held within four habitats on Long Point, Ontario, Canada. J. Med. Entomol. 35: 189-199.
    • (1998) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.35 , pp. 189-199
    • Lindsay, L.R.1    Barker, I.K.2    Surgeoner, G.A.3    McEwen, S.A.4    Gillespie, T.J.5    Addison, E.M.6
  • 33
    • 0029257256 scopus 로고
    • Survival and development of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) under various climatic conditions in Ontario, Canada
    • Lindsay, L. R., I. K. Barker, G. A. Surgeoner, S. A. McEwen, T. J. Gillespie, and J. T. Robinson. 1995. Survival and development of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) under various climatic conditions in Ontario, Canada. J. Med. Entomol. 32: 143-152.
    • (1995) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.32 , pp. 143-152
    • Lindsay, L.R.1    Barker, I.K.2    Surgeoner, G.A.3    McEwen, S.A.4    Gillespie, T.J.5    Robinson, J.T.6
  • 34
    • 0033129423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microclimate and habitat in relation to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) populations on Long Point, Ontario, Canada
    • Lindsay, L. R., S. W. Mathison, I. K. Barker, S. A. McEwen, T. J. Gillespie, and G. A. Surgeoner. 1999a. Microclimate and habitat in relation to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) populations on Long Point, Ontario, Canada. J. Med. Entomol. 36: 255-262.
    • (1999) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.36 , pp. 255-262
    • Lindsay, L.R.1    Mathison, S.W.2    Barker, I.K.3    McEwen, S.A.4    Gillespie, T.J.5    Surgeoner, G.A.6
  • 35
    • 0033129731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abundance of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) larvae and nymphs in relation to host density and habitat on Long Point, Ontario
    • Lindsay, L. R., S. W. Mathison, I. K. Barker, S. A. McEwen, and G. A. Surgeoner. 1999b. Abundance of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) larvae and nymphs in relation to host density and habitat on Long Point, Ontario. J. Med. Entomol. 36: 243-254.
    • (1999) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.36 , pp. 243-254
    • Lindsay, L.R.1    Mathison, S.W.2    Barker, I.K.3    McEwen, S.A.4    Surgeoner, G.A.5
  • 36
    • 20444488428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selecting thresholds of occurrence in the prediction of species distributions
    • Liu, C., P. M. Berry, T. P. Dawson, and R. G. Pearson. 2005. Selecting thresholds of occurrence in the prediction of species distributions. Ecography 28: 385-393.
    • (2005) Ecography , vol.28 , pp. 385-393
    • Liu, C.1    Berry, P.M.2    Dawson, T.P.3    Pearson, R.G.4
  • 37
    • 6444236629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dispersal model for the range expansion of blacklegged tick (Acari: Ixodidae)
    • Madhav, N. K., J. S. Brownstein, J. I. Tsao, and D. Fish. 2004. A dispersal model for the range expansion of blacklegged tick (Acari: Ixodidae). J. Med. Entomol. 41: 842-852.
    • (2004) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.41 , pp. 842-852
    • Madhav, N.K.1    Brownstein, J.S.2    Tsao, J.I.3    Fish, D.4
  • 38
    • 0033305126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twenty-year home-range dynamics of a white-tailed deer matriline
    • Nelson, M., and L. Mech. 1999. Twenty-year home-range dynamics of a white-tailed deer matriline. Can. J. Zool. 77: 1128.
    • (1999) Can. J. Zool. , vol.77 , pp. 1128
    • Nelson, M.1    Mech, L.2
  • 41
    • 77954852683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active and passive surveillance and phylogenetic analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi elucidate the process of Lyme disease risk emergence in Canada
    • Ogden, N. H., C. Bouchard, K. Kurtenbach, G. Margos, L. R. Lindsay, L. Trudel, S. Nguon, and F. Milord. 2010. Active and passive surveillance and phylogenetic analysis of Borrelia burgdorferi elucidate the process of Lyme disease risk emergence in Canada. Environ. Health Perspect. 118: 909-914.
    • (2010) Environ. Health Perspect. , vol.118 , pp. 909-914
    • Ogden, N.H.1    Bouchard, C.2    Kurtenbach, K.3    Margos, G.4    Lindsay, L.R.5    Trudel, L.6    Nguon, S.7    Milord, F.8
  • 42
    • 33745236679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ixodes scapularis ticks collected by passive surveillance in Canada: Analysis of geographic distribution and infection with the Lyme borreliosis agent Borrelia burgdorferi
    • Ogden, N. H., L. Trudel, H. Artsob, I. K. Barker, G. Beauchamp, D. Charron, M. A. Drebot, T. D. Galloway, R. O'Handley, and R. A. Thompson. 2006c. Ixodes scapularis ticks collected by passive surveillance in Canada: Analysis of geographic distribution and infection with the Lyme borreliosis agent Borrelia burgdorferi. J. Med. Entomol. 43: 600-609.
    • (2006) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.43 , pp. 600-609
    • Ogden, N.H.1    Trudel, L.2    Artsob, H.3    Barker, I.K.4    Beauchamp, G.5    Charron, D.6    Drebot, M.A.7    Galloway, T.D.8    O'Handley, R.9    Thompson, R.A.10
  • 44
    • 3343006547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of relationships between temperature and developmental rates of tick Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in the laboratory and field
    • Ogden, N. H., L. R. Lindsay, G. Beauchamp, D. Charron, A. Maarouf, C. J. O'Callaghan, D. Waltner-Toews, and I. K. Barker. 2004. Investigation of relationships between temperature and developmental rates of tick Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in the laboratory and field. J. Med. Entomol. 41: 622-633.
    • (2004) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.41 , pp. 622-633
    • Ogden, N.H.1    Lindsay, L.R.2    Beauchamp, G.3    Charron, D.4    Maarouf, A.5    O'Callaghan, C.J.6    Waltner-Toews, D.7    Barker, I.K.8
  • 48
    • 40349090165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of tick-borne diseases 29
    • Piesman, J., and L. Eisen. 2008. Prevention of tick-borne diseases 29. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 53: 323-343.
    • (2008) Annu. Rev. Entomol. , vol.53 , pp. 323-343
    • Piesman, J.1    Eisen, L.2
  • 50
    • 0032060963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Participation of birds (Aves) in the emergence of Lyme disease in southern Maine
    • Rand, P. W., E. H. Lacombe, R. P. Smith, Jr., and J. Ficker. 1998. Participation of birds (Aves) in the emergence of Lyme disease in southern Maine. J. Med. Entomol. 35: 270-276.
    • (1998) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.35 , pp. 270-276
    • Rand, P.W.1    Lacombe, E.H.2    Smith Jr., R.P.3    Ficker, J.4
  • 51
    • 0027789807 scopus 로고
    • Climate, satellite imagery and the seasonal abundance of the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in southern Africa: A new perspective
    • Randolph, S. E. 1993. Climate, satellite imagery and the seasonal abundance of the tick Rhipicephalus appendiculatus in southern Africa: A new perspective. Med. Vet. Entomol. 7: 243-258.
    • (1993) Med. Vet. Entomol. , vol.7 , pp. 243-258
    • Randolph, S.E.1
  • 52
    • 11144272553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-graph receiver operating characteristic
    • Reichenheim, M. 2002. Two-graph receiver operating characteristic. The Stata J. 2: 351-357.
    • (2002) The Stata J. , vol.2 , pp. 351-357
    • Reichenheim, M.1
  • 53
    • 0029360716 scopus 로고
    • Suppression of subadult Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) following removal of leaf litter
    • Schulze, T. L., R. A. Jordan, and R. W. Hung. 1995. Suppression of subadult Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) following removal of leaf litter. J. Med. Entomol. 32: 730-733.
    • (1995) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.32 , pp. 730-733
    • Schulze, T.L.1    Jordan, R.A.2    Hung, R.W.3
  • 54
    • 19444376582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative encounter frequencies and prevalence of selected Borrelia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma infections in Amblyomma americanum and Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks from central New Jersey
    • Schulze, T. L., R. A. Jordan, C. J. Schulze, T. Mixson, and M. Papero. 2005. Relative encounter frequencies and prevalence of selected Borrelia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma infections in Amblyomma americanum and Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks from central New Jersey. J. Med. Entomol. 42: 450-456.
    • (2005) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.42 , pp. 450-456
    • Schulze, T.L.1    Jordan, R.A.2    Schulze, C.J.3    Mixson, T.4    Papero, M.5
  • 55
    • 77952084504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, including three novel genotypes in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from songbirds (Passeriformes) across Canada
    • Scott, J. D., M. K. Lee, K. Fernando, L. A. Durden, D. R. Jorgensen, S. Mak, and M. G. Morshed. 2010. Detection of Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, including three novel genotypes in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from songbirds (Passeriformes) across Canada. J. Vector. Ecol. 35: 124-139.
    • (2010) J. Vector. Ecol. , vol.35 , pp. 124-139
    • Scott, J.D.1    Lee, M.K.2    Fernando, K.3    Durden, L.A.4    Jorgensen, D.R.5    Mak, S.6    Morshed, M.G.7
  • 56
    • 0021944284 scopus 로고
    • Ecology of Ixodes dammini-borne human babesiosis and Lyme disease
    • Spielman, A., M. L. Wilson, J. F. Levine, and J. Piesman. 1985. Ecology of Ixodes dammini-borne human babesiosis and Lyme disease. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 30: 439-460.
    • (1985) Annu. Rev. Entomol. , vol.30 , pp. 439-460
    • Spielman, A.1    Wilson, M.L.2    Levine, J.F.3    Piesman, J.4
  • 57
    • 0028386514 scopus 로고
    • Survival of immature Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) at different relative humidities
    • Stafford, K. C., III. 1994. Survival of immature Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) at different relative humidities. J. Med. Entomol. 31: 310-314.
    • (1994) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.31 , pp. 310-314
    • Stafford III, K.C.1
  • 59
    • 0022432878 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal activity of immature Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae)
    • Wilson, M. L., and A. Spielman. 1985. Seasonal activity of immature Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae). J. Med. Entomol. 22: 408-414.
    • (1985) J. Med. Entomol. , vol.22 , pp. 408-414
    • Wilson, M.L.1    Spielman, A.2
  • 60
    • 16244366026 scopus 로고
    • Index for rating diagnostic tests
    • Youden, W. J. 1950. Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer 3: 32-35.
    • (1950) Cancer , vol.3 , pp. 32-35
    • Youden, W.J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.