Executive functions and the down-regulation and up-regulation of emotion

Cognition and Emotion

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 103-118

  Gyurak, Anett ^a   Goodkind, Madeleine S ^b   Kramer, Joel H ^c   Miller, Bruce L ^c   Levenson, Robert W ^b  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

AD; Cognitive influences on emotion; Emotion regulation; Emotional behaviour; Executive functions; FTLD; Stroop; Trail making; Verbal fluency; Working memory

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; AGING; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; AUDIOVISUAL EQUIPMENT; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOWN REGULATION; EMOTION; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; HEART RATE; HUMAN; INHIBITION (PSYCHOLOGY); MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; STROOP TEST; TASK PERFORMANCE; UPREGULATION; VERBAL BEHAVIOR; WORKING MEMORY;

AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; EMOTIONS; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR DEGENERATION; HEART RATE; HUMANS; INDIVIDUALITY; MALE; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM; MIDDLE AGED; PHOTIC STIMULATION; SOCIAL CONTROL, INFORMAL; STROOP TEST; TRAIL MAKING TEST; VERBAL BEHAVIOR;

EID: 84858245152     PISSN: 02699931     EISSN: 14640600     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2011.557291     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Alvarez, J. A. and Emory, E. 2006. Executive function and the frontal lobes: A meta-analytic review. Neuropsychology Review, 16(1): 17-42.
2. Ardila, A., Galeano, L. M. and Rosselli, M. 1998. Toward a model of neuropsychological activity. Neuropsychology Review, 8(4): 171-190.
3. Baddeley, A. 1986. Working memory, New York, NY: Clarendon Press/Oxford University Press.
4. Banfield, J. F., Wyland, C. L., Macrae, C. N., Münte, T. F. and Heatherton, T. F. 2004. The cognitive neuroscience of self-regulation, New York, NY: Guilford Press.
5. Beauregard, M., Levesque, J. and Bourgouin, P. 2001. Neural correlates of conscious self-regulation of emotion. Journal of Neuroscience, 21: 6993-7000.
6. Bernal, B. and Altman, N. 2009. Neural networks of motor and cognitive inhibition are dissociated between brain hemispheres: An fMRI study. The International Journal of Neuroscience, 119(10): 1848-1880.
7. Cohen, J. D., Dunbar, K. and McClelland, J. L. 1990. On the control of automatic processes: A parallel distributed processing account of the Stroop effect. Psychological Review, 97(3): 332-361.
8. Delis, D. C., Kaplan, E. and Kramer, J. H. 2001. The Delis-Kaplan Executive Function scale, San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
9. Demaree, H. A., Schmeichel, B. J., Robinson, J. L., Pu, J., Everhart, D. E. and Berntson, G. G. 2006. Up- and down-regulating facial disgust: Affective, vagal, sympathetic, and respiratory consequences. Biological Psychology, 71(1): 90-99.
10. Denckla, M. B. 1996. "A theory and model of executive function: A neuropsychological perspective". In Attention, memory, and executive function, Edited by: Lyon, G. R. and Krasnegor, N. A. 263-278. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes.
11. Duke, L. M. and Kaszniak, A. W. 2000. Executive control functions in degenerative dementias: A comparative review. Neuropsychology Review, 10(2): 75-99.
12. Eigsti, I., Zayas, V., Mischel, W., Shoda, Y., Ayduk, O.Dadlani, M. B. 2006. Predicting cognitive control from preschool to late adolescence and young adulthood. Psychological Science, 17(6): 478-484.
13. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V. and Simons, R. C. 1985. Is the startle reaction an emotion?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(5): 1416-1426.
14. Eslinger, P. J. and Damasio, A. R. 1985. Severe disturbance of higher cognition after bilateral frontal lobe ablation: Patient EVR. Neurology, 35(12): 1731-1741.
15. Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E. and McHugh, P. R. 1975. Mini-mental state: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3): 189-198.
16. Friedman, N. P. and Miyake, A. 2004. The relations among inhibition and interference control functions: a latent-variable analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 133(1): 101-135.
17. Gazzaley, A. and D'Esposito, M. 2007. "Unifying prefrontal cortex function: Executive control, neural networks, and top-down modulation". In The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders, Edited by: Miller, B. L. and Cummings, J. L. 187-206. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
18. Goldin, P. R., McRae, K., Ramel, W. and Gross, J. J. 2008. The neural bases of emotion regulation: reappraisal and suppression of negative emotion. Biological Psychiatry, 63(6): 577-586.
19. Goodkind, M. S., Gyurak, A., McCarthy, M., Miller, B. L. and Levenson, R. W. 2010. Emotion regulation deficits in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Alzheimer's disease. Psychology and Aging, 25(1): 30-37.
20. Gross, J. J. and Levenson, R. W. 1993. Emotional suppression: Physiology, self-report, and expressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(6): 970-986.
21. Gross, J. J., Richards, J. M. and John, O. P. 2006. "Emotion regulation in everyday life". In Emotion regulation in couples and families: Pathways to dysfunction and health, Edited by: Snyder, D. K., Simpson, J. and Hughes, J. N. 13-35. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
22. Gyurak, A., Goodkind, M. S., Madan, A., Kramer, J. H., Miller, B. L. and Levenson, R. W. 2009. Do tests of executive functioning predict ability to downregulate emotions spontaneously and when instructed to suppress?. Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, 9(2): 144-152.
23. Jensen, A. R. and Rohwer, W. D. Jr. 1966. The Stroop color-word test: A review. Acta Psychologica, 25(1): 36-93.
24. Kertesz, A., Davidson, W. and Munoz, D. G. 1999. Clinical and pathological overlap between frontotemporal dementia, primary progressive aphasia and corticobasal degeneration: The Pick complex. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 10(Suppl. 1): 46-49.
25. Kunzmann, U., Kupperbusch, C. S. and Levenson, R. W. 2005. Behavioral inhibition and amplification during emotional arousal: A comparison of two age groups. Psychology and Aging, 20(1): 144-158.
26. Levenson, R. W. 2007. "Emotion elicitation with neurological patients". In The handbook of emotion elicitation and assessment, Edited by: Coan, J. A. and Allen, J. J. B. 158-168. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
27. Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., Loring, D. W., Hannay, H. J. and Fischer, J. S. 2004. Neuropsychological assessment, 4th ed, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
28. Mauss, I. B., Levenson, R. W., McCarter, L., Wilhelm, F. H. and Gross, J. J. 2005. The tie that binds? Coherence among emotion experience, behavior, and physiology. Emotion, 5(2): 175-190.
29. Mayer, J. D., Roberts, R. D. and Barsade, S. G. 2008. Human abilities: Emotional intelligence. Annual Review of Psychology, 59: 507-536.
30. McKhann, G., Drachman, D. A., Folstein, M. F., Katzman, R., Price, D. L. and Stadlan, E. 1984. Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDSADRDA work group under the auspices of the Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's disease. Neurology, 34: 939-944.
31. Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., Howerter, A. and Wager, T. D. 2000. The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "frontal lobe" tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology, 41(1): 49-100.
32. Neary, D., Snowden, J. S., Gustafson, L., Passant, U., Stuss, D.Black, S. 1998. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration: A consensus on clinical diagnostic criteria. Neurology, 51(6): 1546-1554.
33. Nigg, J. T. 2000. On inhibition/disinhibition in developmental psychopathology: Views from cognitive and personality psychology and a working inhibition taxonomy. Psychological Bulletin, 126(2): 220-246.
34. Norman, D. A. and Shallice, T. 1986. "Attention to action: willed and automatic control of behavior". In Consciousness and self-regulation: Advances in research and theory, Edited by: Davidson, R. J., Schwartz, G. E. and Shapiro, D. Vol. 4, 1-18. New York, NY: Plenum Press.
35. Obrist, P. A. 1981. Cardiovascular psychophysiology: A perspective, New York, NY: Plenum Press.
36. Ochsner, K. N., Bunge, S. A., Gross, J. J. and Gabrieli, J. D. E. 2002. Rethinking feelings: An fMRI study of the cognitive regulation of emotion. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14(8): 1215-1229.
37. Ochsner, K. N., Ray, R. D., Cooper, J. C., Robertson, E. R., Chopra, S.Gabrieli, J. D. 2004. For better or for worse: Neural systems supporting the cognitive down- and up-regulation of negative emotion. NeuroImage, 23: 483-499.
38. Payne, B. K. 2005. Conceptualizing control in social cognition: how executive functioning modulates the expression of automatic stereotyping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(4): 488-503.
39. Rosen, V. M. and Engle, R. W. 1997. The role of working-memory capacity in retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 126(3): 211-227.
40. Royall, D. R., Lauterbach, E. C., Cummings, J. L., Reeve, A., Rummans, T. A.Kaufer, D. I. 2002. Executive control function: a review of its promise and challenges for clinical research. A report from the Committee on Research of the American Neuropsychiatric Association. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 14(4): 377-405.
41. Ruff, R. M., Light, R. H., Parker, S. B. and Levin, H. S. 1997. The psychological construct of word fluency. Brain and Language, 57(3): 394-405.
42. Rule, R. R., Shimamura, A. P. and Knight, R. T. 2002. Orbitofrontal cortex and dynamic filtering of emotional stimuli. Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, 2(3): 264-270.
43. Schmeichel, B. J., Volokhov, R. N. and Demaree, H. A. 2008. Working-memory capacity and the self-regulation of emotional expression and experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(6): 1526-1540.
44. Smith, E. E. and Jonides, J. 1999. Storage and executive processes in the frontal lobes. Science, 283(5408): 1657-1661.
45. Stuss, D. T. and Levine, B. 2002. Adult clinical neuropsychology: Lessons from studies of the frontal lobes. Annual Review of Psychology, 53: 401-433.
46. Thompson, R. and Gross, J. J. 2007. "Emotion regulation". In Handbook of emotion regulation, Edited by: Gross, J. J. 3-24. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
47. Thurstone, L. L. 1938. Primary mental abilities, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
48. Tikofsky, R. S., Hellman, R. S. and Parks, R. W. 1993. Single photon emission computed tomography and applications to dementia, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
49. Unsworth, N. and Engle, R. W. 2007. On the division of short-term and working memory: An examination of simple and complex span and their relation to higher order abilities. Psychological Bulletin, 133(6): 1038-1066.
50. von Hippel, W. and Gonsalkorale, K. 2005. "That is bloody revolting!" Inhibitory control of thoughts better left unsaid. Psychological Science, 16(7): 497-500.
51. von Hippel, W., Silver, L. A. and Lynch, M. E. 2000. Stereotyping against your will: The role of inhibitory ability in stereotyping and prejudice among the elderly. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(5): 523-532.
52. Wechsler, D. 1997. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 3rd ed, San Antonio, TX: Harcourt Assessment.
53. Zelazo, P. D., Carter, A., Reznick, J. S. and Frye, D. 1997. Early development of executive function: A problem-solving framework. Review of General Psychology, 1(2): 198-226.
54. Zelazo, P. D., & Cunningham, W. A. 2007. Executive function: Mechanisms underlying emotion regulation. In J. J. Gross, Handbook of emotion regulation pp. 135 - 158. New York, NY: Guilford Press.