Adding saxagliptin to extended-release metformin vs. uptitrating metformin dosage

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 365-371

  Fonseca, V ^a   Zhu, T ^b   Karyekar, C ^c   Hirshberg, B ^b  

^a TULANE UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER   (United States)

^b ASTRAZENECA   (United Kingdom)

^c BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB   (United States)

Author keywords

DPP IV inhibitor; Glycaemic control; Metformin; Type 2 diabetes

Indexed keywords

GLUCOSE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; METFORMIN; SAXAGLIPTIN;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ADD ON THERAPY; ADULT; ARTERIOSCLEROSIS; ARTICLE; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DIABETIC PATIENT; DIARRHEA; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG DOSE TITRATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; DUODENUM PERFORATION; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HEART INFARCTION; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPOGLYCEMIA; INSOMNIA; LUNG TUBERCULOSIS; MALE; MONOTHERAPY; MULTICENTER STUDY; NAUSEA; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RHINOPHARYNGITIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; URINARY TRACT INFECTION;

EID: 84858006384     PISSN: 14628902     EISSN: 14631326     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01553.x     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB et al. Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009; 32: 193-203.
2. Handelsman Y, Mechanick JI, Blonde L et al. American association of clinical endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for developing a diabetes mellitus comprehensive care plan: executive summary. Endocr Pract 2011; 17: 287-302.
3. Rodbard HW, Jellinger PS, Davidson JA et al. Statement by an American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology consensus panel on type 2 diabetes mellitus: an algorithm for glycemic control. Endocr Pract 2009; 15: 540-559.
4. GLUCOPHAGE (metformin hydrochloride) and GLUCOPHAGE XR (metformine hydrochloride extended-release). Full Prescribing Information, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ, 2009.
5. Paes AH, Bakker A, Soe-Agnie CJ. Impact of dosage frequency on patient compliance. Diabetes Care 1997; 20: 1512-1517.
6. Davidson J, Howlett H. New prolonged-release metformin improves gastrointestinal tolerability. Br J Diabetes Vasc Dis 2004; 4: 273-277.
7. Turner RC, Cull CA, Frighi V, Holman RR. Glycemic control with diet, sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: progressive requirement for multiple therapies (UKPDS 49). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. JAMA 1999; 281: 2005-2012.
8. Bailey CJ, Turner RC. Metformin. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 574-579.
9. Weissman P, Goldstein BJ, Rosenstock J et al. Effects of rosiglitazone added to submaximal doses of metformin compared with dose escalation of metformin in type 2 diabetes: the EMPIRE Study. Curr Med Res Opin 2005; 21: 2029-2035.
10. Augeri DJ, Robl JA, Betebenner DA et al. Discovery and preclinical profile of Saxagliptin (BMS-477118): a highly potent, long-acting, orally active dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. J Med Chem 2005; 48: 5025-5037.
11. Rosenstock J, Zinman B. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2007; 14: 98-107.
12. DeFronzo RA, Hissa MN, Garber AJ et al. The efficacy and safety of saxagliptin when added to metformin therapy in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes with metformin alone. Diabetes Care 2009; 32: 1649-1655.
13. Jadzinsky M, Pfutzner A, Paz-Pacheco E et al. Saxagliptin given in combination with metformin as initial therapy improves glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with either monotherapy: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2009; 11: 611-622.
14. Stenlof K, Raz I, Neutel J et al. Saxagliptin and metformin XR combination therapy provides glycemic control over 24 hours in patients with T2DM inadequately controlled with metformin. Curr Med Res Opin 2010; 26: 2355-2363.
15. Rosenstock J, Aguilar-Salinas C, Klein E et al. Effect of saxagliptin monotherapy in treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes. Curr Med Res Opin 2009; 25: 2401-2411.
16. Inzucchi SE. Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes: scientific review. JAMA 2002; 287: 360-372.
17. Kimmel B, Inzucchi SE. Oral agents for type 2 diabetes: an update. Clinical Diabetes 2005; 23: 64-76.
18. Kim YD, Park KG, Lee YS et al. Metformin inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis through AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent regulation of the orphan nuclear receptor SHP. Diabetes 2008; 57: 306-314.
19. Ahren B. Novel combination treatment of type 2 diabetes DPP-4 inhibition + metformin. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2008; 4: 383-394.
20. Yasuda N, Inoue T, Nagakura T et al. Enhanced secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 by biguanide compounds. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 298: 779-784.
21. Ahren B, Foley JE, Bosi E. Clinical evidence and mechanistic basis for vildagliptin's action when added to metformin. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011; 13: 193-203.
22. Svendsen PF, Nilas L, Madsbad S, Holst JJ. Incretin hormone secretion in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: roles of obesity, insulin sensitivity, and treatment with metformin. Metabolism 2009; 58: 586-593.
23. Drucker DJ. Enhancing incretin action for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 2929-2940.
24. Drucker DJ, Nauck MA. The incretin system: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. Lancet 2006; 368: 1696-1705.
25. Ahren B, Foley JE, Ferrannini E et al. Changes in prandial glucagon levels after a 2-year treatment with vildagliptin or glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy. Diabetes Care 2010; 33: 730-732.
26. Drucker DJ. Therapeutic potential of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2003; 12: 87-100.
27. Holst JJ, Deacon CF. Inhibition of the activity of dipeptidyl-peptidase IV as a treatment for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 1998; 47: 1663-1670.
28. Migoya EM, Bergeron R, Miller JL et al. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors administered in combination with metformin result in an additive increase in the plasma concentration of active GLP-1. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2010; 88: 801-808.
29. Garber AJ. Using dose-response characteristics of therapeutics agents for treatment decisions in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2000; 2: 139-147.