Regional seed mixtures for the re-creation of species-rich meadows in the White Carpathian Mountains: Results of a 10-yr experiment

Applied Vegetation Science

Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 253-263

  Mitchley, Jonathan ^a   Jongepierová, Ivana ^b,c   Fajmon, Karel ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF READING   (United Kingdom)

^b Administration of the White Carpathians Protected Landscape Area   (Czech Republic)

^c Czech Union for Nature Conservation   (Czech Republic)

Author keywords

Ancient hay meadows; Colonization; Field experiment; Grassland restoration; Natural regeneration; Sown strips; Target vegetation

Indexed keywords

POACEAE;

EID: 84857969438     PISSN: 14022001     EISSN: 1654109X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-109X.2012.01183.x     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Bakker, J.P. & Berendse, F. 1999. Constraints in the restoration of ecological diversity in grassland and heathland communities. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 14: 63-68.
2. Bakker, J.P. & van Diggelen, R. 2006. Restoration of dry grasslands and heathlands. vanAndel, J. & Aronson, J. (eds). Restoration ecology: the new frontier. pp. 95-110. Blackwell, Oxford, UK.
3. Bakker, J.P., Poschlod, P., Strykstra, R.J., Bekker, R.M. & Thompson, R. 1996. Seed banks and seed dispersal: important topics in restoration ecology. Acta Botaniker Neerlandica 45: 461-490.
4. ter Braak, C.J.F. & Šmilauer, P. 2002. CANOCO reference manual and CanoDraw for Windows user's guide: Software for canonical community ordination (version 4.5). Microcomputer Power, Ithaca, NY, US.
5. Chytrý, M. 2007. Vegetation of the Czech Republic 1. Grassland and heathland vegetation. Academia, Praha, CZ.
6. Chytrý, M. & Rafajová, M. 2003. Czech National Phytosociological Database: basic statistics of the available vegetation-plot data. Preslia 75: 1-15.
7. Chytrý, M. & Tichý, L. 2003. Diagnostic, constant and dominant species of vegetation classes and alliances of the Czech Republic: a statistical revision. Folia Facultatis Scientiarium Naturalium Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis, Biologia 108: 1-231.
8. Conrad, M.K. & Tischew, S. 2011. Grassland restoration in practice: do we achieve the targets? A case study from Saxony-Anhalt/Germany. Ecological Engineeering 37: 1149-1157.
9. Coulson, S.J., Bullock, J.M., Stevenson, M.J. & Pywell, R.F. 2001. Colonisation of grassland by sown species: dispersal versus microsite limitation in responses to management. Journal of Applied Ecology 38: 204-216.
10. Cremene, C., Groza, G., Rakosy, L., Schileyko, A.A., Baur, A., Erhardt, A. & Baur, B. 2005. Alterations of Steppe-like grasslands in Eastern Europe: a threat to regional biodiversity hotspots. Conservation Biology 19: 1606-1618.
11. Crofts, A. & Jefferson, R.G. 1999. The lowland grassland management handbook. 2nd ed. English Nature and The Wildlife Trusts, Peterborough, UK.
12. Donald, P.F. & Evans, A.D. 2006. Habitat connectivity and matrix restoration: the wider implications of agri-environment schemes. Journal of Applied Ecology 43: 209-218.
13. Edwards, A., Mortimer, S., Lawson, C., Westbury, D., Harris, S., Woodcock, B. & Brown, V. 2007. Hay strewing, brush harvesting of seed and soil disturbance as tools for the enhancement of botanical diversity in grasslands. Biological Conservation 134: 372-382.
14. Fagan, K.C., Pywell, R.F., Bullock, J.M. & Marrs, R.H. 2008. Do restored calcareous grasslands on former arable fields resemble ancient targets? The effect of time, methods and environment on outcomes. Journal of Applied Ecology 45: 1293-1303.
15. Gilbert, O.L. & Anderson, P. 1998. Habitat creation and repair. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
16. Hájková, P., Roleček, J., Hájek, M., Horsák, M., Fajmon, K., Polák, M. & Jamrichová, E. 2011. Prehistoric origin of extremely species-rich semi-dry grasslands in the Bílé Karpaty Mts. (Czech Republic and Slovakia). Preslia 83: 185-204.
17. Hedberg, P. & Kotowski, W. 2010. New nature by sowing? The current state of species introduction in grassland restoration, and the road ahead. Journal for Nature Conservation 18: 304-308.
18. Hopkins, A., Pywell, R.F., Peel, S., Johnson, R.H. & Bowling, P.J. 1999. Enhancement of botanical diversity of permanent grassland and impact on hay production in environmentally sensitives areas in the UK. Grass and Forage Science 54: 163-173.
19. Jongepierová, I. & Fajmon, K. (eds.) 2008. Výzkum obnovy travních porostů. Grassland re-creation. Jongepierová, I. (ed.). Louky Bílých Karpat. Grasslands of the White Carpathian Mountains. pp. 383-423. ZO ČSOP Bílé Karpaty, Veselí nad Moravou, CZ.
20. Jongepierová, I., Mitchley, J. & Tzanopoulos, J. 2007. A field experiment to recreate species-rich hay meadows using regional seed mixtures. Biological Conservation 139: 297-305.
21. Jongepierová, I., Poková, H. & Konvička, O. 2008. Obnova travních porostů. Grassland restoration. Jongepierová, I. (ed.). Louky Bílých Karpat. Grasslands of the White Carpathian Mountains. pp. 445-451. ZO ČSOP Bílé Karpaty, Veselí nad Moravou, CZ.
22. Kent, M. & Coker, P. 1992. Vegetation description and analysis: a practical approach. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK.
23. Kiehl, K. & Pfadenhauer, J. 2007. Establishment and persistence of target species in newly created calcareous grassland on former arable fields. Plant Ecology 189: 31-48.
24. Kiehl, K. & Wagner, C. 2006. Effect of Hay Transfer on Long-Term Establishment of Vegetation and Grasshoppers on Former Arable Fields. Restoration Ecology 14: 157-166.
25. Kiehl, K., Kirmer, A., Donath, T.W., Rasran, L. & Hölzel, N. 2010. Species introduction in restoration projects - evaluation of different techniques for the establishment of seminatural grasslands in Central and Northwestern Europe. Basic and Applied Ecology 11: 285-299.
26. Kleijn, D., Baquero, R.A., Clough, Y., Díaz, M., De Esteban, J., Fernández, F., Gabriel, D., Herzog, F., Holzschuh, A., Jöhl, R., Knop, E., Kruess, A., Marshall, E.J.P., Steffan-Dewenter, I., Tscharntke, T., Verhulst, J., West, T.M. & Yela, J.L. 2006. Mixed biodiversity benefits of agri-environment schemes in five European countries. Ecology Letters 9: 243-254.
27. Klimeš, L., Dančák, M., Hájek, M., Jongepierová, I. & Kučera, T. 2001. Scale-dependent biases in species counts in a grassland. Journal of Vegetation Science 12: 699-704.
28. Klimeš, L., Jongepierová, I., Doležal, J. & Klimešová, J. 2010. Restoration of a species-rich meadow on arable land by transferring meadow blocks. Applied Vegetation Science 13: 403-411.
29. Krautzer, B., Peratoner, G. & Bozzo, F. 2004. Site-specific grasses and herbs. Seed production and use for restoration of mountain environments [Plant production and protection series no. 32]. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, Rome, IT.
30. Kubát, K., Hrouda, L., Chrtek, J. jr, Kaplan, Z., Kirschner, J. & Štěpánek, J. 2002. Klíč ke květeně České republiky. Academia, Praha, CZ.
31. Lawson, C.S., Ford, M. & Mitchley, J. 2004. The influence of seed addition and cutting regime on the success of grassland restoration on former arable land. Applied Vegetation Science 7: 259-266.
32. Marrs, R.H. 1993. Soil fertility and nature conservation in Europe: theoretical considerations and practical management solutions. Advances in Ecological Research 24: 242-300.
33. Ovenden, G.N., Swash, A.R.H. & Smallshire, D. 1998. Agri-environment schemes and their contribution to the conservation of biodiversity in England. Journal of Applied Ecology 35: 955-960.
34. Pakeman, R.J., Pywell, R.F. & Wells, T.C.E. 2002. Species spread and persistence: implications for experimental design and habitat re-creation. Applied Vegetation Science 5: 75-86.
35. Prach, K. & Hobbs, R.H. 2008. Spontaneous succession versus technical reclamation in the restoration of disturbed sites. Restoration Ecology 16: 363-366.
36. Prach, K., Lepš, J. & Rejmánek, M. 2007. Old field succession in central Europe: local and regional patterns. Cramer, V.A. & Hobbs, R.J. Old fields: dynamics and restoration of abandoned farmland. pp. 180-201. Island Press, Washington, DC, US.
37. Prach, K., Jongepierová, I. & Řehounková, K. In press. Large-scale restoration of dry grasslands on ex-arable land using a regional seed mixture: establishment of target species. Restoration Ecology.
38. Pullin, A.S., Báldi, A., Can, O.E., Dieterich, M., Kati, V., Livoreil, B., Lövei, G., Mihók, B., Nevin, O., Selva, N. & Sousa-Pinto, I. 2009. Conservation focus in Europe: major conservation policy issues that need to be informed by conservation science. Conservation Biology 23: 818-824.
39. Pywell, R.F., Bullock, J.M., Hopkins, A., Walker, K.J., Sparks, T.H., Burke, J.W. & Peel, S. 2002. Restoration of species-rich grassland on arable land: assessing the limiting processes using a multi-site experiment. Journal of Applied Ecology 39: 294-309.
40. Smith, R.S. & Jones, L. 1991. The phenology of mesotrophic grassland in the Pennine Dales, England: historic hay cutting dates, vegetation variation and plant species phenologies. Journal of Applied Ecology 28: 42-59.
41. Smith, R.S., Nuckingham, H., Bullard, M.J., Shiel, R.S. & Younger, A. 1996. The conservation management of mesotrophic (meadow) grassland in northern England: I. Effects of grazing, hay cut date and fertilizer on the vegetation of a traditionally managed sward. Grass and Forage Science 51: 278-291.
42. Tichý, L. 2002. JUICE, software for vegetation classification. Journal of Vegetation Science 13: 451-453.
43. Török, P., Vida, E., Deák, B., Lengyel, Sz. & Tóthmérész, B. 2011. Grassland restoration on former croplands in Europe: an assessment of applicability of techniques and costs. Biodiversity & Conservation 20: 2311-2322.
44. Veen, P., Jefferson, R., de Smidt, J. & van der Straaten, J. 2009. Grasslands in Europe of high nature value. KNNV Publishing, Zeist, NL.
45. Walker, K.J., Stevens, P.A., Stevens, D.P., Mountford, J.O., Manchester, S.J. & Pywell, R.F. 2004. The restoration and re-creation of species-rich lowland grassland on land formerly managed for intensive agriculture in the UK. Biological Conservation 119: 1-18.
46. Woodcock, B.A., Vogiatzakis, I.N., Westbury, D.B., Lawson, C.S., Edwards, A.R., Brook, A.J., Harris, S.J., Lock, K.A., Maczey, N., Masters, G., Brown, V.K. & Mortimer, S.R. 2010. The role of management and landscape context in the restoration of grassland phytophagous beetles. Journal of Applied Ecology 47: 366-376.
47. Zobel, M., van der Maarel, E. & Dupré, C. 1998. Species pool: the concept, its determination and significance for community restoration. Applied Vegetation Science 1: 55-66.