Molecular diagnosis of diarrhea: Current status and future potential

Current Infectious Disease Reports

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 41-46

  Platts Mills, James A ^a   Operario, Darwin J ^b   Houpt, Eric R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HEALTH SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

Diarrhea; Enteropathogens; Molecular diagnosis; PCR

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHM; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ANTIGEN DETECTION; BACTERIAL GENE; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; BACTERIUM CARRIER; BACTERIUM CULTURE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION; DIARRHEA; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY; GENE AMPLIFICATION; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HYBRIDIZATION; MECA GENE; MICROSCOPY; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; MULTIPLEX POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; NONHUMAN; NUCLEIC ACID ANALYSIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PHENOTYPE; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PUBLIC HEALTH; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVIEW; ROPB GENE; SHIGA TOXIN PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI;

EID: 84857633456     PISSN: 15233847     EISSN: 15343146     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11908-011-0223-7     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. M Santosham A Chandran S Fitzwater, et al. 2010 Progress and barriers for the control of diarrhoeal disease Lancet 376 63 67 20609988 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60356-X
2. CL Fischer Walker D Sack RE Black 2010 Etiology of diarrhea in older children, adolescents and adults: a systematic review PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4 e768 20689809 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000768
3. RL Guerrant T Van Gilder TS Steiner, et al. 2001 Practice guidelines for the management of infectious diarrhea Clin Infect Dis 32 331 351 11170940 1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2Fgs12mug%3D%3D 10.1086/318514 (Pubitemid 32173618)
4. R Haque LM Neville P Hahn WA Petri 1995 Rapid diagnosis of Entamoeba infection by using Entamoeba and Entamoeba histolytica stool antigen detection kits J Clin Microbiol 33 2558 2561 8567882 1:STN:280:DyaK28%2FoslWrtA%3D%3D
5. A Kirby RQ Gurgel W Dove, et al. 2010 An evaluation of the RIDASCREEN and IDEIA enzyme immunoassays and the RIDAQUICK immunochromatographic test for the detection of norovirus in faecal specimens J Clin Virol 49 254 257 20864394 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsVWmtLnO 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.08.004
6. M Maher C Finnegan E Collins, et al. 2003 Evaluation of culture methods and a DNA probe-based PCR assay for detection of Campylobacter species in clinical specimens of feces J Clin Microbiol 41 2980 2986 12843030 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmsVWmsL4%3D 10.1128/JCM.41.7.2980-2986.2003 (Pubitemid 36842288)
7. DM Wolk SK Schneider NL Wengenack, et al. 2002 Real-time PCR method for detection of Encephalitozoon intestinalis from stool specimens J Clin Microbiol 40 3922 3928 12409353 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XptVOjtb0%3D 10.1128/JCM.40.11.3922- 3928.2002 (Pubitemid 35285769)
8. CF Amar CL East J Gray, et al. 2007 Detection by PCR of eight groups of enteric pathogens in 4,627 faecal samples: re-examination of the English case-control Infectious Intestinal Disease Study (1993-1996) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 26 311 323 17447091 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXns1als74%3D 10.1007/s10096-007-0290-8 This paper describes a large series of 4627 specimens that were analyzed by conventional and molecular methods and demonstrated more detection with the latter. (Pubitemid 46716797)
9. M Fujioka K Kasai T Miura, et al. 2009 Rapid diagnostic method for the detection of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli by multiplex PCR Jpn J Infect Dis 62 476 480 19934545 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXmvVKhsg%3D%3D
10. P Rajendran SS Ajjampur D Chidambaram, et al. 2010 Pathotypes of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in children attending a tertiary care hospital in South India Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 68 117 122 20846583 10.1016/j. diagmicrobio.2010.06.003
11. F Barletta TJ Ochoa L Ecker, et al. 2009 Validation of five-colony pool analysis using multiplex real-time PCR for detection of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli J Clin Microbiol 47 1915 1917 19357211 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1MXosVeitL4%3D 10.1128/JCM.00608-09
12. CE Guion TJ Ochoa CM Walker, et al. 2008 Detection of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli by use of melting-curve analysis and real-time multiplex PCR J Clin Microbiol 46 1752 1757 18322059 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmvV2mt78%3D 10.1128/JCM.02341-07 (Pubitemid 351657225)
13. M Taniuchi JJ Verweij Z Noor, et al. 2011 High throughput multiplex PCR and probe-based detection with Luminex beads for seven intestinal parasites Am J Trop Med Hyg 84 332 337 21292910 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXisF2ntr4%3D 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0461
14. Liu J, Gratz J, Maro A, et al. Simultaneous detection of six diarrhea-causing bacterial pathogens with an in house PCR-Luminex Assay. J Clin Microbiol 2011, in press.
15. M Kodani G Yang LM Conklin, et al. 2011 Application of TaqMan low-density arrays for simultaneous detection of multiple respiratory pathogens J Clin Microbiol 49 2175 2182 21471348 10.1128/JCM.02270-10
16. KH Rand H Rampersaud HJ Houck 2011 Comparison of two multiplex methods for detection of respiratory viruses: FilmArray RP and xTAG RVP J Clin Microbiol 49 2449 2453 21508156 10.1128/JCM.02582-10
17. xTAG® Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel (xTAG GPP). Available at http://www.luminexcorp.com/Products/Assays/ClinicalDiagnostics/xTAGGPP/index. htm. Accessed August 2011.
18. Lin A, Nguyen L, Lee T, et al. Rapid O serogroup identification of the ten most clinically relevant STECs by Luminex microbead-based suspension array. J Microbiol Methods 2011, in press.
19. R Haque S Roy M Kabir, et al. 2005 Giardia assemblage A infection and diarrhea in Bangladesh J Infect Dis 192 2171 3 16288384 10.1086/498169 (Pubitemid 41779218)
20. G Phillips B Lopman CC Tam, et al. 2009 Diagnosing rotavirus A associated IID: Using ELISA to identify a cut-off for real time RT-PCR J Clin Virol 44 242 245 19179107 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXisFOntbk%3D 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.12.001
21. G Phillips B Lopman CC Tam, et al. 2009 Diagnosing norovirus-associated infectious intestinal disease using viral load BMC Infect Dis 9 63 19442278 10.1186/1471-2334-9-63 This paper suggests the value of using microbiologically and clinically defined sample groups to define qPCR Ct cutoffs in discerning etiology in cases vs. controls
22. RF de Boer A Ott B Kesztyus AM Kooistra-Smid 2010 Improved detection of five major gastrointestinal pathogens by use of a molecular screening approach J Clin Microbiol 48 4140 4146 20861334 10.1128/JCM.01124-10 This paper describes an over-three-fold increased pathogen detection rate by combining molecular and conventional approaches, and tested in 28,185 samples
23. BP Gladstone S Ramani I Mukhopadhya, et al. 2011 Protective effect of natural rotavirus infection in an Indian birth cohort N Engl J Med 365 337 346 21793745 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXps1Cntr0%3D 10.1056/NEJMoa1006261
24. ER Houpt RL Guerrant 2008 Technology in global health: the need for essential diagnostics Lancet 372 873 874 18790297 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61377-X
25. KA Ricci F Girosi PI Tarr, et al. 2006 Reducing stunting among children: the potential contribution of diagnostics Nature 444 Suppl 1 29 38 17159892
26. D Mabey RW Peeling A Ustianowski MD Perkins 2004 Diagnostics for the developing world Nat Rev Microbiol 2 231 240 15083158 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2cXhsVWgur0%3D 10.1038/nrmicro841 (Pubitemid 39490084)
27. Park S, Zhang Y, Lin S, et al. Advances in microfluidic PCR for point-of-care infectious disease diagnostics. Biotechnol Adv 2011, in press.
28. LaBarre P, Hawkins KR, Gerlach J, et al. A simple, inexpensive device for nucleic acid amplification without electricity-toward instrument-free molecular diagnostics in low-resource settings. PLoS One 2011;6.
29. PD Stamper R Alcabasa D Aird, et al. 2009 Comparison of a commercial real-time PCR assay for tcdB detection to a cell culture cytotoxicity assay and toxigenic culture for direct detection of toxin-producing Clostridium difficile in clinical samples J Clin Microbiol 47 373 378 19073875 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1MXjtVyltLk%3D 10.1128/JCM.01613-08
30. K Eastwood P Else A Charlett M Wilcox 2009 Comparison of nine commercially available Clostridium difficile toxin detection assays, a real-time PCR assay for C. difficile tcdB, and a glutamate dehydrogenase detection assay to cytotoxin testing and cytotoxigenic culture methods J Clin Microbiol 47 3211 3217 19710274 10.1128/JCM.01082-09
31. FC Tenover S Novak-Weekley CW Woods, et al. 2010 Impact of strain type on detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile: comparison of molecular diagnostic and enzyme immunoassay approaches J Clin Microbiol 48 3719 3724 20702676 10.1128/JCM.00427-10
32. J Swindells N Brenwald N Reading B Oppenheim 2010 Evaluation of diagnostic tests for Clostridium difficile infection J Clin Microbiol 48 606 608 20032256 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXkt1Sjurk%3D 10.1128/JCM.01579-09
33. HT Stelfox DW Bates DA Redelmeier 2003 Safety of patients isolated for infection control JAMA 290 1899 1905 14532319 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXotVWktb0%3D 10.1001/jama.290.14.1899 (Pubitemid 37430607)
34. Frank C, Werber D, Cramer JP, et al. Epidemic profile of shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak in Germany - Preliminary Report. N Engl J Med 2011, in press.
35. Bielaszewska M, Mellmann A, Zhang W, et al. Characterisation of the Escherichia coli strain associated with an outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in Germany, 2011: a microbiological study. Lancet Infect Dis 2011, in press.
36. FC Tenover RN Jones JM Swenson, et al. 1999 Methods for improved detection of oxacillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci: results of a multicenter study J Clin Microbiol 37 4051 4058 10565931 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXotV2msr4%3D
37. CC Boehme P Nabeta D Hillemann, et al. 2010 Rapid molecular detection of tuberculosis and rifampin resistance N Engl J Med 363 1005 1015 20825313 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtFKqtb3J 10.1056/NEJMoa0907847
38. M Kosek PP Yori MP Olortegui 2010 Shigellosis update: advancing antibiotic resistance, investment empowered vaccine development, and green bananas Curr Opin Infect Dis 23 475 480 20689423 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtVOhs7bP 10.1097/QCO.0b013e32833da204