Fencing for purpose: A case study of elephants in South Africa

Fencing for Conservation: Restriction of Evolutionary Potential Or a Riposte to Threatening Processes?

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 91-104

  Slotow, Rob ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84857482666     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0902-1_6     Document Type: Chapter

References (35)

1. Anderson, J.L. (1994) The introduction of elephant into medium-sized conservation areas. Pachyderm, 18, 35-38.
2. Carruthers, J., Boshoff, A., Slotow, R., Biggs, H.C., Avery, G. & Matthews, W. (2008) The ele-phant in South Africa: History and distribution. Assessment of South African Elephant Management. (eds. R.J. Scholes & K.G. Mennell), pp 23-83.Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg.
3. DEAT (2008) National Norms and Standards for the management of elephants in South Africa. Department of Environment and Tourism. Government Gazette, 8 May 2008.
4. Garai, M.E. & Carr, R.D. (2001) Unsuccessful introductions of adult elephant bulls to confined areas in South Africa. Pachyderm, 31, 52-57.
5. Garai, M.E., Slotow, R., Reilly, B. & Carr, R.D. (2004) History and success of elephant re- introductions to small fenced reserves in South Africa. Pachyderm, 37, 28-36.
6. Grant, C.C., Bengis, R., Balfour, D., Peel, M., Davies-Mostert, H., Killian, H., Little, R., Smit, I., Garai, M., Henley, M., Anthony, B. & Hartley, P. (2008) Controlling the distribution of ele-phants. Assessment of South African Elephant Management. (eds. R.J. Scholes & K.G. Mennell), pp 329-369.Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg.
7. Gusset, M., Ryan, S.J., Hofmeyr, M., van Dyk, G., Davies-Mostert, H.T., Graf, J., Owen, C., Szykman, M., Macdonald, D., Monfort, S., Wildt, D., Maddock, A., Mills, M.G.L., Slotow, R. & Somers, M. (2008) Efforts going to the dogs? Evaluating attempts to re-introduce endan- gered wild dogs in South Africa. Journal of Applied Ecology, 45, 100-108.
8. Harrington, R., Owen-Smith, N., Viljoen, P.C., Mason, D.R. & Funston, PJ. (1999) Establishing the causes of the roan antelope decline in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Biological Conservation, 90, 69-78.
9. Hayward, M.W. & Kerley, G.I.H. (2009) Fencing for conservation: Restriction of evolutionary potential or a riposte to threatening processes? Biological Conservation, 142, 1-13.
10. Hayward, M.W., Adendorff, J., O’Brien, J., Sholto-Douglas, A., Bissett, C., Moolman, L.C., Bean, P., Fogarty, A., Howarth, D., Slater R. & Kerley G.I.H. (2007) Practical considerations for the reintroduction of large, terrestrial, mammalian predators based on reintroductions to South Africa's Eastern Cape Province. The Open Conservation Biology Journal, 1, 1-11 doi 10.2174/1874-8392/07.
11. Hunter, L., Skinner, J.D., Pretorius, K., Carlisle, L.C., Rickleton, M., Walker, C. & Slotow, R. (2007) Reintroducing lions Panthera leo to northern Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa: short-term biological and technical successes but equivocal long-term conservation. Oryx, 41, 196-204.
12. Kerley, G.I.H., Landman, M., Kruger, L., Owen-Smith, N., Balfour, D., de Boer, W.F., Gaylard, A., Lindsay, K. & Slotow, R. 2008. Effects of elephant on ecosystems and biodiversity. In: RJ Scholes and KG Mennell (eds) Assessment of South African Elephant Management. Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg. pp 146-205.
13. King, L.E., Douglas-Hamilton, I. & Vollrath, F. (2007) African elephants run from the sound of disturbed bees. Current Biology, 17, R832-R833.
14. King, L.E., Lawrence, A., Douglas-Hamilton, I. & Vollrath, F. (2009) Beehive fence deters crop- raiding elephants. African Journal of Ecology, 47, 131-137.
15. Kioko, J., Muruthi, P., Omondi, P. & Chiyo, P.I. (2008) The performance of electric fences as elephant barriers in Amboseli, Kenya. South African Journal of Wildlife Research, 38, 52-58.
16. Lagendijk, D.D.G., Mackey, R.L., Page, B.R., Slotow, R. 2011. The Effects of herbivory by a mega- and mesoherbivore on tree recruitment in Sand Forest, South Africa. PLoS ONE 6 (3): e17983. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017983.
17. Landman, M., Kerley, G.I.H. & Schoeman, D.S. (2008) Relevance of elephant herbivory as a threat to important plants in the Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa. Journal of Zoology, 274, 51-58.
18. Leblond, M., Dussault, C., Ouellet, J.-P., Poulin, M., Courtois, R.H. & Fortin, J. (2007) Electric Fencing as a Measure to Reduce Moose-Vehicle Collisions. Journal of Wildlife Management, 71, 1695-1703.
19. Lindsey, P.A., Romanach, S.S. & Davies-Mostert, H.T. (2009) The importance of conservancies for enhancing the value of game ranch land for large mammal conservation in southern Africa. Journal of Zoology, 277, 99-105.
20. Loarie, S.R., Van Aarde, R.J. & Pimm, S.L. (2009) Fences and artificial water affect African savannah elephant movement patterns. Biological Conservation, 142, 3086-3098.
21. Lombard, A.T., Johnson, C.F., Cowling, R.M. & Pressey, R.L. (2001) Protecting plants from ele- phants: botanic reserve scenario within the Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa. Biological Conservation, 102, 191-203.
22. Mackey, R.L., Page, B.R., Duffy, K.L. & Slotow, R. (2006) Modeling elephant population growth in small, fenced, South African reserves. South African Journal of Wildlife Research, 36, 33-43.
23. Moseby, K.E. & Read, J.L. (2006) The efficacy of feral cat, fox and rabbit exclusion fence designs for threatened species protection. Biological Conservation, 127, 429-437.
24. Mtui, D. & Owen-Smith, N. (2006) Impact of elephants (Loxodonta africana) on woody plants in Malolotja Nature Reserve, Swaziland. African Journal of Ecology, 44, 407-409.
25. Osborn, F.V. & Rasmussen, L.E.L. (1995) Evidence for the effectiveness of an oleo-resin capsicum aerosol as a repellent against wild elephants in Zimbabwe. Pachyderm, 2, 55-64.
26. Slotow, R. & Hunter, L.T.B. 2009. Reintroduction decisions taken at the incorrect social scale devalue their conservation contribution: African lion in South Africa. The Reintroduction of Top-order Predators. (eds. M.W. Hayward and M.J. Somers), pp 43-71. Wiler-Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.
27. Slotow, R., Garai, M.E., Reilly, B., Page, B. & Carr, R.D. (2005) Population ecology of elephants re-introduced to small fenced reserves in South Africa. South African Journal of Wildlife Research, 35, 23-32.
28. Slotow, R., Whyte, I., Hofmeyr, M., Kerley, G.H.I., Conway, T. & Scholes, R.J. (2008) Lethal management of elephant. Assessment of South African Elephant Management. (eds. R.J. Scholes and K.G. Mennell), pp 370-405.Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg.
29. Twine, W. & Magome, H. (2008) Interactions between elephants and people. Assessment of South African Elephant Management. (eds. R.J. Scholes and K.G. Mennell), pp 206-240. Witwatersrand University Press, Johannesburg.
30. van Aarde, R.J. & Jackson, T.P. (2007) Megaparks for metapopulations: addressing the causes of locally high elephant numbers in southern Africa. Biological Conservation, 134, 289-297.
31. Vanak, A.T., Thaker, M. & Slotow, R. (2010) Do fences create an edge-effect on the movement patterns of a highly mobile mega-herbivore? Biological Conservation 143: 2631-2637.
32. van Dyk, G. (1997) Reintroduction techniques for lion (Panthera leo). Lions and Leopards as Game Ranch Animals. (ed Penzhorn, B.L.), pp. 82-91. SAWVA, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
33. van Dyk, G & Slotow, R. (2003) The effects of fences and lions on the ecology of African wild dogs reintroduced to Pilanesberg National Park, South Africa. African Zoology, 38, 79-94.
34. Vercauteren, K.C., Lavelle, M.J. & Hyngstrom, S. (2006) Fences and deer-damage management: A review of designs and efficacy. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 34, 191-200.
35. Whyte, I.J. (1985) Thepresent ecological status ofthe blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus taurinus Berchell, 1823) in the Central District of the Kruger National Park. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg