The other spaces of Europe: Seeing European geopolitics through the disturbing eye of Foucault's Heterotopias

Geopolitics

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 1-24

  Boedeltje, Freerk ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK; CULTURAL INFLUENCE; EUROPEAN UNION; GEOPOLITICS; NEIGHBORHOOD; POLITICAL DISCOURSE; SOCIAL POLICY;

EUROPE;

EID: 84857421350     PISSN: 14650045     EISSN: 15573028     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14650045.2010.504762     Document Type: Article

References (74)

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3. The three central objectives of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) are taken from the European Neighbourhood Policy website. See http://ec.europa.eu/world/enp/index_en.htm.
4. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 79.
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7. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1).
8. L. Bialasiewicz, 'The Uncertain State(s) of Europe?', European Urban and Regional Studies 5/1 (2008) pp. 71-82
9. F. Boedeltje and H. van Houtum, 'Brussels is Speaking: The Speech Geo-Politics of the European Union Towards Its Neighbours', Geopolitics 16 (2011) pp. 130-145.
10. F. Boedeltje and H. van Houtum, 'The Abduction of Europe a Plea for Less Europeanization and More Europe', TESG 99/5 (2008) pp. 361-365.
11. M. Emerson and G. Noutcheva, 'From Barcelona Process to Neighbourhood Policy, Assessments and Open Issues', CEPS Working Document, No. 220 (March 2005) p. 11.
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13. Communication from the Commission, Implementation of the European Neighbourhood Policy in 2008, COM (2009) 188/3, 23 April 2009, p. 2.
14. Kostadinova (note 7) p. 249.
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16. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 83.
17. Boedeltje and van Houtum, 'Brussels is Speaking' (note 5).
18. Kostadinova (note 7).
19. Bialasiewicz, 'The Uncertain State(s)' (note 5) p. 77.
20. G. Toal, 'Localizing Geopolitics: Disaggregating Violence and Return in Conflict Regions', Political Geography 29 (2010) pp. 256-265.
21. G. Toal, 'Localizing Geopolitics: Disaggregating Violence and Return in Conflict Regions', Political Geography 29 (2010) pp. 2-3.
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24. T. L. Dumm, Michael Foucault and the Politics of Freedom (Walnut Creek, Lanham, New York, Oxford: Altamira Press 2002) p. 39.
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27. M. Foucault, 'Of Other Spaces Utopias and Heterotopias' and 'Panopticum, in Neil Leach (ed.), Rethinking Architecture A Reader in Cultural Theory (London: Routledge 2006) pp. 350-367.
28. Europe, H. van Houtum and F. Boedeltje, 'Europe's Shame Death at the Borders of the EU', Antipode 41/2 (2009) pp. 226-230.
29. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions ' (note 1) p. 86.
30. There are many examples of refugee camps along the EU external border. However, one particular example I would like to mention is the refugee camp on the Canary island of Fuertefentura. In 2007, I visited this camp together with my colleague Henk van Houtum. That visit inspired us to write an article which appeared as an intervention in Antipode.
31. H. Van Houtum and F. Boedeltje, 'The Fabrication of Borders: Europe's Shame, Death at the Borders of the EU', Antipode 41/2 (2009) pp. 230-236.
32. Van H. Houtum, F. Boedeltje, and N. Fumero Pedron, 'Muerte en las fronteras de la UE', El Pais, 21 May 2008.
33. H. Van Houtum and F. Boedeltje, 'Middellandse zee, zomer 2007: Azuurblauw of bloedrood', Volkskrant, 27 July 2007.
34. Johnson (note 20) p. 85.
35. Johnson (note 20) p. 85.
36. S. Zizek, The Universal Exception: Selected Writing, Volume 2 (London and New York: Continuum 2006) p. 222.
37. S. Zizek, The Universal Exception: Selected Writing, Volume 2 (London and New York: Continuum 2006), p. 220.
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39. R. Safranski, Nietzsche, Biographie seinses Denkens (Amsterdam: Olympus 2005) p. 318.
40. Communication from the Commission, A Secure Europe in a Better World, European Security Policy, Brussels, 12 Dec. 2003.
41. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) pp. 82-83.
42. Kostadinova (note 7) p. 246.
43. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 83.
44. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 83.
45. Kostadinova (note 7) p. 249.
46. See also Communication from the Commission, A Secure Europe (note 31). In this document explicit references are made to 'governmental chaos', 'weak state', 'the flourishing of organised crime' and 'exploding population growth' in the European Neighbourhood.
47. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 83.
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51. J. Tayler, 'Back in the USSR?', in P. Theroux (ed.), Best American Travel Writing 2001 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company 2001), pp. 348-349.
52. P. Theroux, 'Ghost Train to the Eastern Star: On the Tracks of the Great Railway Bazaar (Toronto: McClelland & Stewart 2008)
53. Tayler (note 40) p. 347.
54. M. Emerson, G. Noutcheva, and H. Popescu, 'European Neighbourhood Policy Two Years On: Time Indeed for an 'ENP Plus', CEPS Policy Brief 126, 21 March 2007, p. 7, (Brussels).
55. M. Emerson, G. Noutcheva, and H. Popescu, 'European Neighbourhood Policy Two Years On: Time Indeed for an 'ENP Plus', CEPS Policy Brief 126, 21 March 2007, p. 18.
56. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 87.
57. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 84.
58. M. Butler and D. Ntseng, 'Politics at Stake: A Note on Stakeholder Analysis', Pan African Voices for Freedom and Justice, July 2008, available at www.pambazuka.org.
59. Zizek (note 27) p. 21.
60. M. Emerson (ed.), 'Democratisation in the European Neighbourhood', CEPS Paperback, p. 217 (Brussels, November 2005).
61. J. Anderson, 'Transnational Democracy for European Diversity' (Position Paper commissioned by the Council of Europe), in Kevin Robins (ed.), The Challenge of Transcultural Diversities (Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing 2006) pp. 81-97.
62. Emerson, Noutcheva, and Popescu (note 44) pp. 27-28.
63. F. Fanon, The Wretched of the Earth (New York: Grove Press 1961).
64. F. Fanon, The Wretched of the Earth (New York: Grove Press 1961).
65. F. Boedeltje, H. van Houtum, O. Kramsch, and R. Plug, 'The Fallacious Imperial Geopolitics of EU Enlargement: The Case of Cyprus', TESG 98/1 (2007) pp. 130-135.
66. F. Boedeltje, H. van Houtum, and O. Kramsch, 'The Shadows of No Man's Land', Crossing the Border in the Divided Capital of Nicosia, Cyprus', Geographica Helvetica 62/1 (2007) pp. 16-21.
67. F. Boedeltje, H. van Houtum, O. Kramsch, and R. Plug (note 55) p. 134.
68. Zizek (note 27) p. 52.
69. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 86.
70. This has been nicely put forward by Emerson, Noutcheva, and Popescu (note 44).
71. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 9.
72. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 86.
73. Bialasiewicz et al., 'Interventions' (note 1) p. 15.
74. Foucault, The Order of Things (note 17) p. 18.