메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 629-643

The impact of information and communication technology on GHG emissions: How green are virtual worlds?

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BUSINESS TRAVEL; CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION; DIRECT EMISSIONS; EMISSIONS REDUCTION; ENERGY USE; GHG EMISSION; INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES; LARGE ORGANIZATIONS; LOW LEVEL; MANUFACTURING SECTOR; NON-RANDOM SAMPLES; QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENTS; QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENTS; TRANSPORT SECTORS; USE PHASE; USER ENGAGEMENT; VIRTUAL WORLDS;

EID: 84857348471     PISSN: 17583004     EISSN: 17583012     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4155/cmt.11.62     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (8)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 84857310818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Department for Culture, Media and Sport and Department for Business Innovation and Skills. The Stationery Office, Norwich, UK
    • Department for Culture, Media and Sport and Department for Business Innovation and Skills. Digital Britain: Building Britain's Future. The Stationery Office, Norwich, UK, 236 (2009).
    • (2009) Digital Britain: Building Britain's Future , pp. 236
  • 4
    • 80051710814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdisciplinary perspectives on environmental sustainability: A resource base and framework for IT-enabled business transformation
    • Elliot S. Transdisciplinary perspectives on environmental sustainability: a resource base and framework for IT-enabled business transformation. MIS Quarterly 35(1), 197-236 (2011).
    • (2011) MIS Quarterly , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 197-236
    • Elliot, S.1
  • 8
    • 78049464820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the macroeconomic impacts of information and communication technologies on greenhouse gas emissions
    • Erdmann L, Hilty LM. Exploring the macroeconomic impacts of information and communication technologies on greenhouse gas emissions. J. Indust. Ecol. 14(5), 824-841 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Indust. Ecol. , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 824-841
    • Erdmann, L.1    Hilty, L.M.2
  • 9
    • 34250823432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of research on the environmental impact of e-business and ICT
    • Yi L, Thomas HR. A review of research on the environmental impact of e-business and ICT. Environ. Int. 33, 841-849 (2007).
    • (2007) Environ. Int. , vol.33 , pp. 841-849
    • Yi, L.1    Thomas, H.R.2
  • 14
    • 0036524732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E-commerce: Sorting out the environmental consequences
    • Fichter K. E-commerce: sorting out the environmental consequences. J. Ind. Ecol. 6(2), 25-41 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Ind. Ecol. , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 25-41
    • Fichter, K.1
  • 16
    • 78049469919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greenhouse gas emissions and operational electricity use in the ICT and entertainment and media sectors
    • Malmodin J, Moberg Å, Lundén D, Finnveden G, Lövehagen N. Greenhouse gas emissions and operational electricity use in the ICT and entertainment and media sectors. J. Ind. Ecol. 14(5), 770-790 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Ind. Ecol. , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 770-790
    • Malmodin, J.1    Moberg, Å.2    Lundén, D.3    Finnveden, G.4    Lövehagen, N.5
  • 17
    • 2542454753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental implications of wireless technologies: News delivery and business meetings
    • Toffel MW, Horvath A. Environmental implications of wireless technologies: news delivery and business meetings. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38 (11), 2961-2970 (2004).
    • (2004) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.38 , Issue.11 , pp. 2961-2970
    • Toffel, M.W.1    Horvath, A.2
  • 18
    • 78049473979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The energy and climate change implications of different music delivery methods
    • Weber CL, Koomey JG, Matthews HS. The energy and climate change implications of different music delivery methods. J. Ind. Ecol. 14(5), 754-769 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Ind. Ecol. , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 754-769
    • Weber, C.L.1    Koomey, J.G.2    Matthews, H.S.3
  • 19
    • 0036524730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telecommunications and travel, the case for complementarity
    • Mokhtarian PL. Telecommunications and travel, the case for complementarity. J. Ind. Ecol. 6(2), 43-57 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Ind. Ecol. , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 43-57
    • Mokhtarian, P.L.1
  • 20
    • 78549255523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making an impact: The influence of policies to reduce emissions from aviation on the business travel patterns of individual corporations
    • Davies ZG, Armsworth PR. Making an impact: the influence of policies to reduce emissions from aviation on the business travel patterns of individual corporations. Energy Policy 38(12), 7634-7638 (2010).
    • (2010) Energy Policy , vol.38 , Issue.12 , pp. 7634-7638
    • Davies, Z.G.1    Armsworth, P.R.2
  • 22
    • 0003554650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electricity used by office equipment and network equipment in the US: Detailed report and appendices
    • Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
    • Kawamoto K, Koomey J, Nordman B et al. Electricity Used by Office Equipment and Network Equipment in the US: Detailed Report and Appendices. LBNL-45917. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA (2001).
    • (2001) LBNL 45917
    • Kawamoto, K.1    Koomey, J.2    Nordman, B.3
  • 23
    • 0041806501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual solution to carbon cost of conferences
    • Reay DS. Virtual solution to carbon cost of conferences. Nature 424, 251 (2003).
    • (2003) Nature , vol.424 , pp. 251
    • Reay, D.S.1
  • 29
    • 84857677320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optional emissions from commuting, business travel and product transport
    • US EPA. US EPA, Washington, DC, USA
    • US EPA. Optional emissions from commuting, business travel and product transport. Climate Leaders Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol. US EPA, Washington, DC, USA (2008).
    • (2008) Climate Leaders Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol
  • 30
    • 33644527249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers. Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, London, UK
    • Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers. Guide F: Energy efficiency in Buildings. Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers, London, UK, 204 (2004).
    • (2004) Guide F: Energy Efficiency in Buildings , pp. 204
  • 32
    • 84925746821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice(s) and ratchet(s): A sociological examination of frequent flying
    • Gössling S, Upham P (Eds). Earthscan, Oxford, UK
    • Randles S, Mander S. Practice(s) and ratchet(s): a sociological examination of frequent flying. In:Climate Change and Aviation: Issues Challenges and Solutions . Gössling S, Upham P (Eds). Earthscan, Oxford, UK, 245-271 (2009).
    • (2009) Climate Change and Aviation: Issues Challenges and Solutions , pp. 245-271
    • Randles, S.1    Mander, S.2
  • 36
    • 84857343430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second Life. http://secondlife.com/whatis/?lang=en-US
  • 37
    • 84857321444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kzero. www.kzero.co.uk/universe/php
  • 40
    • 84857343426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US EPA. eGRID2010 Version 1.1. Year 2007 Summary Tables. www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/egrid/index.html
    • Year 2007 Summary Tables
  • 43
    • 84857318996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greenhouse Gas Prototcol. www.ghgprotocol.org/standards/corporate- standard
  • 45
    • 84857284868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flight miles calculator. www.webflyer.com/travel/mileage-calculator
  • 46
    • 84857343431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Google Maps. www.googlemaps.com
  • 47
    • 84857321445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Elucian Island in Second Life. http://blogs.nature.com/nautilus/2010/ 01/elucian-islands-village-in-sec.html
  • 48
    • 84857284869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ASAE Center. Synchronous collaboration tools. www.asaecenter.org/ PublicationsResources/articledetail.cfm?ItemNumber=13572
    • Synchronous Collaboration Tools
  • 49
    • 84857321446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schlumberger
    • Schlumberger. Sour gas definition. www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/Display. cfm?Term=sour%20gas
    • Sour Gas Definition
  • 50
    • 84857284867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Edinburgh University
    • Edinburgh University. MSc in e learning. www.education.ed.ac.uk/e- learning/
    • MSc in e Learning
  • 52
    • 84857284875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Snapshot' of UK higher and further education developments in
    • July
    • Eduserv. A July 2007 'snapshot' of UK higher and further education developments in Second Life. www.eduserv.org.uk/upload/foundation/sl/ uksnapshot072007/final.pdf
    • (2007) Second Life
    • Eduserv, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.