An evaluation of benthic community structure in and around the Sackville Spur closed area (Northwest Atlantic) in relation to the protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems

ICES Journal of Marine Science

Volumn 69, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 213-222

  Barrio Froján, Christopher R S ^a   MacIsaac, Kevin G ^b   McMillan, Andrew K ^b   Del Mar Sacau Cuadrado, María ^c   Large, Philip A ^a   Kenny, Andrew J ^a   Kenchington, Ellen ^b   De Cárdenas González, Enrique ^d  

^a Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science   (United Kingdom)

^b BEDFORD INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY   (Canada)

^c Instituto Español de Oceanografía   (Spain)

^d Consejero Tcnico de Pesquerías ^*  (Spain)

Author keywords

Fishing exclusion zone; NAFO; Northwest Atlantic; Sackville Spur; Vulnerable marine ecosystem (VME)

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; BIOMASS; CLAY; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; DAMAGE; DEPTH; FISHING GEAR; MACROBENTHOS; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; SPECIES DIVERSITY; SPICULE; SPONGE; TEMPERATURE EFFECT; VULNERABILITY;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; ATLANTIC OCEAN (NORTHWEST); CANADA; NEW BRUNSWICK; SACKVILLE;

EID: 84857327034     PISSN: 10543139     EISSN: 10959289     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fss004     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Althaus, F., Williams, A., Schlacher, T. A., Kloser, R. J., Green, M. A., Barker, B. A., Bax, N. J., et al. 2009. Impacts of bottom trawling on deep-coral ecosystems of seamounts are long-lasting. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 397: 279-294.
2. Bett, B. J., and Rice, A. L. 1992. The influence of hexactinellid sponge (Pheronema carpenteri) spicules on the patchy distribution of macrobenthos in the Porcupine Seabight (bathyal NE Atlantic). Ophelia, 36: 217-226.
3. Biles, C., Paterson, D., Ford, R., Solan, M., and Raffaelli, D. 2002. Bioturbation, ecosystem functioning and community structure. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 6: 999-1005.
4. Bowering, W. R., Brodie, W. B., Morgan, M. J., Power, D., and Rivard, D. 2000. An Assessment of Greenland Halibut in NAFO Subarea 2 and Divisions 3KLMNO. NAFO SCR Document 00/43, Serial No. N4274. 33 pp.
5. Buhl-Mortensen, L., Vanreusel, A., Gooday, A. J., Levin, L. A., Priede, I. G., Mortensen, P. B., Gheerardyn, H., et al. 2010. Biological structures as a source of habitat heterogeneity and biodiversity on the deep ocean margins. Marine Ecology, 31: 21-50.
6. Clarke, K. R., Chapman, M. G., Somerfield, P. J., and Needham, H. R. 2006. Dispersion-based weighting of species counts in assemblage analyses. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 320: 11-27.
7. Clark, M. R., and Rowden, A. A. 2009. Effect of deep water trawling on the macro-invertebrate assemblages of seamounts on the Chatham Rise, New Zealand. Deep Sea Research I, 56: 1540-1554.
8. Engel, J., and Kvitek, R. 2008. Effects of otter trawling on a benthic community in Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. Conservation Biology, 12: 1204-1214.
9. FAO. 2001-2011. Fishing ear types. Bottom otter trawls. Technology fact sheets [online]. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, Rome. Updated 13 September 2001. http://www.fao.org/fishery/geartype/306/en (last accessed 15 July 2011).
10. FAO. 2008. Report of the FAO Workshop on Vulnerable Ecosystems and Destructive Fishing in Deep-Sea Fisheries, 26-29 June 2007, Rome. FAO Fisheries Report, 829. 27 pp.
11. Flach, E. C. 2002. Factors controlling soft bottom macrofauna along and across European continental margins. In Ocean Margin Systems, pp. 351-363. Ed. by G. Wefer, D. Billett, D. Hebbeln, B. B. Jørgensen, M. Schlüter, and T. Van Weering. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.
12. Fuller, S. D., Murillo Perez, F. J., Wareham, V., and Kenchington, E. 2008. Vulnerable marine ecosystems dominated by deep-water corals and sponges in the NAFO convention area. NAFO SCR Document 08/22, Serial No. N5524. 24 pp.
13. Genin, A. 2004. Bio-physical coupling in the formation of zooplankton and fish aggregations over abrupt topographies. Journal of Marine Systems, 50: 3-20.
14. Genin, A., Dayton, P. K., Lonsdale, P. F., and Spiess, F. N. 1986. Corals on seamount peaks provide evidence of current acceleration over deep-sea topography. Nature, 322: 59-61.
15. Gubbay, S. 2002. The Offshore Directory: review of a selection of habitats, communities and species of the north-east Atlantic. WWF-UK: North-East Atlantic Programme. 108 pp.
16. Hill, M. O. 1973. Diversity and evenness: a unifying notation and its consequences. Ecology, 54: 427-432.
17. Hughes, D. J., and Gage, J. D. 2004. Benthic metazoan biomass, community structure and bioturbation at three contrasting deep-water sites on the northwest European continental margin. Progress in Oceanography, 63: 29-55.
18. Kenchington, E., Lirette, C., Cogswell, A., Archambault, D., Archambault, P., Benoit, H., Bernier, D., et al. 2010a. Delineating coral and sponge concentrations in the biogeographic regions of the east coast of Canada using spatial analyses. Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS) Research Document, 2010/041. Fisheries and Oceans Canada. 208 pp.
19. Kenchington, E., Power, D., and Koen-Alonso, M. 2010b. Associations of demersal fish with sponge grounds in the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organisation Regulatory Area and adjacent Canadian waters. Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS) Research Document, 2010/039. Fisheries and Oceans Canada. 33 pp.
20. Kennard, L., Schafer, C., and Carter, L. 1990. Late Cenozoic evolution of Sackville Spur: a sediment drift on the Newfoundland continental slope. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 27: 863-878.
21. Mortensen, P. B., Buhl-Mortensen, L., Gordon, D. C., Fader, G. B. J., McKeown, D. L., and Fenton, D. G. 2005. Effects of fisheries on deep-water gorgonian corals in the Northeast Channel, Nova Scotia (Canada). American Fisheries Society Symposium, 41: 369-382.
22. Murillo, F. J., Durán Muñoz, P., Altuna, A., and Serrano, A. 2011. Distribution of deep-water corals of the Flemish Cap, Flemish Pass, and the Grand Banks of Newfoundland (Northwest Atlantic Ocean): interaction with fishing activities. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 319-332.
23. Murillo, F. J., Kenchington, E., Gonzalez, C., and Sacau, M. 2010. The use of density analyses to delineate significant concentrations of pennatulaceans from trawl survey data. NAFO SCR Document 10/07, Serial No. N5753. 7 pp.
24. NAFO 2010. Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization-conservation and enforcement measures. NAFO/FC Document 11/1, Serial No. N5867. 98 pp.
25. Queirós, A. M., Hiddink, G., Kaiser, M. J., and Hinz, H. 2006. Effects of chronic bottom trawling disturbance on benthic biomass, production and size spectra in different habitats. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 335: 91-103.
26. Vinnichenko, V. I. 2010. Russian investigations of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems in the Newfoundland area. Working Document included in the ICES. Report of the ICES/NAFO Joint Working Group on Deep-water Ecology (WGDEC), 22-26 March 2010, Copenhagen, Denmark. ICES Document CM 2010/ACOM: 26. 160 pp.
27. Warwick, R. M. 1998. The level of taxonomic discrimination required to detect pollution effects on marine benthic communities. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 19: 259-268.