Needle electromyography: Basic concepts and patterns of abnormalities

Neurologic Clinics

Volumn 30, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 429-456

  Rubin, Devon I ^a  

^a MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

Author keywords

Complex repetitive discharge; Fibrillation potential; Motor unit potential; Myotonic discharge; Needle electromyography; Recruitment; Spontaneous

Indexed keywords

ACTION POTENTIAL; AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS; CONCENTRIC NEEDLE ELECTRODE; DEPOLARIZATION; DYSTONIA; ELECTRIC ACTIVITY; ELECTRODE; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; ENDPLATE POTENTIAL; FACE MUSCLE; FASCICULATION; HEMIFACIAL SPASM; LEG MUSCLE; MONONEUROPATHY; MONOPOLAR NEEDLE ELECTRODE; MOTOR NEURON DISEASE; MOTOR UNIT POTENTIAL; MUSCLE; MUSCLE CELL; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE CRAMP; MUSCLE RELAXATION; MUSCLE RIGIDITY; MYOKYMIA; MYOPATHY; MYOTONIA; NEEDLE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION DISORDER; NOISE; PATIENT EDUCATION; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADICULOPATHY; REVIEW; SINGLE FIBER ELECTRODE; SPASTICITY; STIFF MAN SYNDROME; SYNKINESIS; TREMOR; WAVEFORM;

ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; HUMANS; NEEDLES; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES;

EID: 84857220795     PISSN: 07338619     EISSN: 15579875     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2011.12.009     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. Meekin G.D., So Y., Quan D. American Association of Neuromuscular & Electrodiagnostic Medicine evidence-based review: use of surface electromyography in the diagnosis and study of neuromuscular disorders. Muscle Nerve 2008, 38:1219-1224.
2. Dumitru D., King J.C., Nandedkar S.D. Motor unit action potential duration recorded by monopolar and concentric needle electrodes. Physiologic implications. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 1997, 76:488-493.
3. Chan R.C., Hsu T.C. Quantitative comparison of motor unit potential parameters between monopolar and concentric needles. Muscle Nerve 1991, 14:1028-1032.
4. Kouyoumdjian J.A., Stalberg E.V. Reference jitter values for concentric needle electrodes in voluntarily activated extensor digitorum communis and orbicularis oculi muscles. Muscle Nerve 2008, 37:694-699.
5. Stalberg E.V., Sanders D.B. Jitter recordings with concentric needle electrodes. Muscle Nerve 2009, 40:331-339.
6. Rubin D.I., Daube J.R. Application of clinical neurophysiology: assessing peripheral neuromuscular symptom complexes. Clinical neurophysiology 2009, 801-837. Oxford University Press, New York. J.R. Daube, D.I. Rubin (Eds.).
7. Strommen J.A., Daube J.R. Determinants of pain in needle electromyography. Clin Neurophysiol 2001, 112:1414-1418.
8. Fuglsang-Frederiksen A., Ronager J. EMG power spectrum, turns-amplitude analysis and motor unit potential duration in neuromuscular disorders. J Neurol Sci 1990, 97:81-91.
9. Pfeiffer G., Kunze K. Turn and phase counts of individual motor unit potentials: correlation and reliability. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1992, 85:161-165.
10. Stålberg E., Karlsson L. Simulation of the normal concentric needle electromyogram by using a muscle model. Clin Neurophysiol 2001, 112:464-471.
11. Weichers D.O., Johnson E.W. Diffuse abnormal electromyographic insertional activity: a preliminary report. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1979, 60:419-422.
12. Mitchell C.W., Bertorini T.E. Diffusely increased insertional activity: "EMG Disease" or asymptomatic myotonia congenita? A report of 2 cases. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007, 88:1212-1213.
13. Brown W.F., Varkey G.P. The origin of spontaneous electrical activity at the end-plate zone. Ann Neurol 1981, 10:557-560.
14. de Carvalho M., Swash M. Fasciculation potentials: a study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other neurogenic disorders. Muscle Nerve 1998, 21:336-344.
15. Kraft G.H. Fibrillation potential amplitude and muscle atrophy following peripheral nerve injury. Muscle Nerve 1990, 13:814-821.
16. Logigian E.L., Ciafaloni E., Quinn C., et al. Severity, type, and distribution of myotonic discharges are different in type 1 and type 2 myotonic dystrophy. Muscle Nerve 2007, 35:479-485.
17. Fournier E., Arzel M., Sternberg D., et al. Electromyography guides toward subgroups of mutations in muscle channelopathies. Ann Neurol 2004, 56:650-661.
18. Massey R., Daube J. Characteristics of myotonic discharges in neurogenic disorders. Muscle Nerve 2010, 42:688-689.
19. Barkhaus P.E., Nandedkar S.D. "Slow" myotonic discharges. Muscle Nerve 2006, 34:799-800.
20. Costa J., Graca P., Evangelista T., et al. Pain and calf hypertrophy associated with spontaneous repetitive discharges treated with botulinum toxin. Clin Neurophysiol 2005, 116:2847-2852.
21. Hart I.K. Acquired neuromyotonia: a new autoantibody-mediated neuronal potassium channelopathy. Am J Med Sci 2000, 319:209-216.
22. Maddison P., Mills K.R., Newsom-Davis J. Clinical electrophysiological characterization of the acquired neuromyotonia phenotype of autoimmune peripheral nerve hyperexcitability. Muscle Nerve 2006, 33:801-808.
23. Loscher W.N., Wanschitz J., Reiners K., et al. Morvan's syndrome: clinical, laboratory, and in vitro electrophysiological studies. Muscle Nerve 2004, 30:157-163.
24. Weiss N., Behin A., Psimaras D., et al. Postirradiation neuromyotonia of spinal accessory nerves. Neurology 2011, 76:1188-1189.
25. Friedenberg S.M., Hermann R.C. The breathing hand: obstetric brachial plexopathy reinnervation from thoracic roots?. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004, 75:158-160.
26. Swift T.R. The breathing arm. Muscle Nerve 1994, 17:125-129.
27. Swift T.R., Leshner R.T., Gross J.A. Arm-diaphragm synkinesis: electrodiagnostic studies of aberrant regeneration of phrenic motor neurons. Neurology 1980, 30:339-344.
28. Bischoff C., Machetanz J., Conrad B. Is there an age-dependent continuous increase in the duration of the motor unit action potential?. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1991, 81:304-311.
29. Gunreben G., Schulte-Mattler W. Evaluation of motor unit firing rates by standard concentric needle electromyography. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 1992, 32:103-111.
30. Buchthal F., Rosenfalck P. Action potential parameters in different human muscles. Acta psychiatrica et neurologica Scandinavica 1955, 30:125-131.