Authentic and play-acted vocal emotion expressions reveal acoustic differences

Frontiers in Psychology

Volumn 2, Issue JUL, 2011, Pages

  Jürgens, Rebecca ^a   Hammerschmidt, Kurt ^a   Fischer, Julia ^a  

^a GERMAN PRIMATE CENTER   (Germany)

Author keywords

Acoustic analysis; Acting; Authenticity; Emotions; Vocal expressions

Indexed keywords

EID: 84857151694     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16641078     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00180     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Audibert, N., Aubergé, V., and Rilliard, A. (2008). "How we are not equally competent for discriminating acted from spontaneous expressive speech," in Speech Prosody 2008, Campinan.
2. Audibert, N., Aubergé, V., and Rilliard, A. (2010). "Prosodic correlates of acted vs. spontaneous discrimination of expressive speech: a pilot study," in 5th International Conference on Speech, Chicago.
3. Bachorowski, J., and Owren, M. J. (1995). Vocal expression of emotion: acoustic properties of speech are associated with emotional intensity and context. Psychol. Sci. 6, 219-224.
4. Banse, R., and Scherer, K. R. (1996). Acoustic profiles in vocal emotion expression. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 70, 614-636.
5. Barkhuysen, P., Krahmer, E., and Swerts, M. (2007). "Cross-modal perception of emotional speech," in International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Saarbrücken.
6. Boersma, P., and Weenink, D. (2009) Praat: Doing Phonetics By Computer (Version 5.1.11) [Computer program]. Available at: http://www.praat.org/ [Retrieved August 4, 2009].
7. Botinis, A., Granström, B., and Möbius, B. (2001). Developments and paradigms in intonation research. Speech Commun. 33, 263-296.
8. Cowie, R., Douglas-Cowie, E., Tsapatsoulis, N., Votsis, G., Kollias, S., Fellenz, W., and Taylor, J. G. (2001). Emotion recognition in human-computer interaction. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 18, 32-80.
9. Ekman, P., and Oster, H. (1979). Facial expressions of emotion. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 30, 527-554.
10. Ekman, P., and O'Sullivan, M. (2006). From flawed self-assessment to blatant whoppers: the utility of voluntary and involuntary behavior in detecting deception. Behav. Sci. Law 24, 673-686.
11. Ekman, P., Sorenson, E. R., and Friesen, W. V. (1969). Pan-cultural elements in facial displays of emotion. Science 164, 86-88.
12. Elfenbein, H. A., Foo, M. D., Mandal, M., Biswal, R., Eisenkraft, N., Lim, A., and Sharma, S. (2010). Individual differences in the accuracy of expressing and perceiving nonverbal cues: new data on an old question. J. Res. Pers. 44, 199-206.
13. Goudbeek, M., and Scherer, K. R. (2010). Beyond arousal: valence and potency/control cues in the vocal expression of emotion. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 128, 1322-1336.
14. Greasley, P., Sherrard, C., and Waterman, M. (2000). Emotion in language and speech: methodological issues in naturalistic approaches. Lang. Speech 43, 355-375.
15. Hammerschmidt, K., and Jürgens, U. (2007). Acoustical correlates of affective prosody. J. Voice 21, 531-540.
16. Hanson, H. M., and Chuang, E. S. (1999). Glottal characteristics of male speakers: acoustic correlates and comparison with female data. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106, 1064-1077.
17. Jacewicz, E., Fox, R. A., O'Neill, C., and Salmons, J. (2009). Articulation rate across dialect, age, and gender. Lang. Var. Change 21, 233-256.
18. Juslin, P. N., and Laukka, P. (2001). Impact of intended emotion intensity on cue utilization and decoding accuracy in vocal expression of emotion. Emotion 1, 381-412.
19. Juslin, P. N., and Laukka, P. (2003). Communication of emotions in vocal expression and music performance: different channels, same code? Psychol. Bull. 129, 770-814.
20. Kappas, A., and Polikova, N. (2008). "Judgments of the affective valence of spontaneous vocalizations: the influence of situational context," in Emotions in the Human Voice, Vol. 1, ed. K. Izdebski (San Diego, CA: Plural Publishing), 109-122.
21. Klein, J. (2010). Emotionstheater? Anmerkungen zum Spielgefühl. Forum Mod. Theater 25, 77-91
22. Kreibig, S. D. (2010). Autonomic nervous system activity in emotion: a review. Biol. Psychol. 84, 394-421.
23. Lass, N. J., Hughes, K. R., Bowyer, M. D., Waters, L. T., and Bourne, V. T. (1976). Speaker sex identification from voiced, whispered, and filtered isolated vowels. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 59, 675-678.
24. Laukka, P., Audibert, N., and Aubergé, V. (2007). "Graded structure in vocal expression of emotion: what is meant by 'prototypical expression'?," in 1st International Workshop on Paralinguistic and Speech - Between Models and Data, Saarbrücken.
25. Laukka, P., Juslin, P. N., and Bresin, R. (2005). A dimensional approach to vocal expression of emotion. Cogn. Emot. 19, 633-653.
26. Laukka, P., Neiberg, D., Forsell, M., Karlsson, I., and Elenius, K. (2011). Expression of affect in spontaneous speech: acoustic correlates and automatic detection of irritation and resignation. Comput. Speech Lang. 25, 84-104.
27. Leinonen, L., Hiltunen, T., Linnankoski, I., and Laakso, M. L. (1997). Expression of emotional-motivational connotations with a one-word utterance. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 102, 1853-1863.
28. Master, S., De Biase, N., Chiari, B. M., and Laukkanen, A. M. (2008). Acoustic and perceptual analyses of Brazilian male actors' and nonactors' voices: long-term average spectrum and the "Actor's Formant." J. Voice 22, 146-154.
29. Nawka, T., Anders, L. C., Cebulla, M., and Zurakowski, D. (1997). The speaker's formant in male voices. J. Voice 11, 422-428.
30. Owren, M. J. (2008). GSU Praat tools: scripts for modifying and analyzing sounds using Praat acoustics software. Behav. Res. Methods 40, 822-829.
31. Owren, M. J., and Bachorowski, J. A. (2007). "Measuring emotion-related vocal acoustics," in Handbook of Emotion Elicitation and Assessement, eds J. Coan and J. J. B. Allen (Oxford: Oxford University press), 239-266.
32. Press, W. H., Teukolsky, S. A., Vetterling, W. T., and Flannery, B. P. (1992). Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing, 2nd Edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
33. Quené, H. (2008). Multilevel modeling of between-speaker and within-speaker variation in spontaneous speech tempo. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 123, 1104-1113.
34. Scheiner, E., and Fischer, J. (2011). "Emotion expression - the evolutionary heritage in the human voice," in Interdisciplinary Anthropology: The Continuing Evolution of Man, eds W. Welsch, W. Singer, and A. Wunder (Heidelberg: Springer), 105-130.
35. Scherer, K. R. (1986). Vocal affect expression: a review and model for future research. Psychol. Bull. 99, 143-165
36. Scherer, K. R. (2003). Vocal communication of emotion: a review of research paradigms. Speech Commun. 40, 227-256.
37. Scherer, K. R., Banse, R., and Wallbott, H. G. (2001). Emotion inferences from vocal expression correlate across languages and cultures. J. Cross Cult. Psychol. 32, 76-92.
38. Schrader, L., and Hammerschmidt, K. (1997). Computer-aided analysis of acoustic parameters in animal vocalisations: a multi-parametric approach. Bioacoustics 7, 247-265.
39. Sobin, C., and Alpert, M. (1999). Emotion in speech: the acoustic attributes of fear, anger, sadness and joy. J. Psycholinguist. Res. 28, 347-365.
40. Strasberg, L. (1987). A Dream of Passion: The Development of the Method. Boston: Little Brown.
41. Titze, I. R. (1989). Physiologic and acoustic differences between male and female voices. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 1699-1707.
42. Velten, E. (1968). A laboratory task for induction of mood states. Behav. Res. Ther. 6, 473-482.
43. Waaramaa, T., Laukkanen, A. M., Airas, M., and Alku, P. (2010). Perception of emotional valences and activity levels from vowel segments of continuous speech. J. Voice 24, 30-38.
44. Westermann, R., Spies, K., Stahl, G., and Hesse, F. W. (1996). Relative effectiveness and validity of mood induction procedures: a meta-analysis. Eur. J. Soc. Psychol. 26, 557-580.
45. Williams, C. E., and Stevens, K. N. (1972). Emotions and speech: some acoustical correlates. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 52, 1238-1250.