메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 7, 2012, Pages 971-980

RAAS inhibition and renal protection

Author keywords

Angiotensin II receptor blockers; Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; Antihypertensive treatment; Chronic kidney disease; Hypertension; Progression; Proteinuria; Renin angiotensin aldosterone system

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; ALISKIREN; AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BENAZEPRIL; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CANDESARTAN; CANDESARTAN HEXETIL; CAPTOPRIL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ENALAPRIL; EPLERENONE; IRBESARTAN; LISINOPRIL; LOSARTAN; METOPROLOL; OLMESARTAN; PLACEBO; RAMIPRIL; RENIN INHIBITOR; SPIRONOLACTONE; TELMISARTAN; VALSARTAN;

EID: 84857126300     PISSN: 13816128     EISSN: 18734286     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/138161212799436520     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (17)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 43549090868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in population-based studies: Systematic review
    • Zhang QL, Rothenbacher D. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in population-based studies: systematic review. BMC Public Health 2008; 8: 117.
    • (2008) BMC Public Health , vol.8 , pp. 117
    • Zhang, Q.L.1    Rothenbacher, D.2
  • 2
    • 35848968871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States
    • Coresh J, Selvin E, Stevens LA, et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States. JAMA 2007; 298: 2038-47.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.298 , pp. 2038-2047
    • Coresh, J.1    Selvin, E.2    Stevens, L.A.3
  • 4
    • 77953291706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: A collaborative metaanalysis
    • Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium
    • Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium, Matsushita K, van der Velde M, Astor BC, et al. Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: a collaborative metaanalysis. Lancet 2010; 375: 2073-81.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 2073-2081
    • Matsushita, K.1    van der Velde, M.2    Astor, B.C.3
  • 5
    • 4644221457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization
    • Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D, McCulloch CE, Hsu CY. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1296-305.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 1296-1305
    • Go, A.S.1    Chertow, G.M.2    Fan, D.3    McCulloch, C.E.4    Hsu, C.Y.5
  • 6
    • 56749160393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular and renal outcome in subjects with K/DOQI stage 1-3 chronic kidney disease: The importance of urinary albumin excretion
    • PREVEND Study Group
    • Brantsma AH, Bakker SJ, Hillege HL, et al. PREVEND Study Group. Cardiovascular and renal outcome in subjects with K/DOQI stage 1-3 chronic kidney disease: the importance of urinary albumin excretion. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 23: 3851-8.
    • (2008) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.23 , pp. 3851-3858
    • Brantsma, A.H.1    Bakker, S.J.2    Hillege, H.L.3
  • 7
    • 7444241997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between predicted creatinine clearance and proteinuria and the risk of developing ESRD in Okinawa, Japan
    • Iseki K, Kinjo K, Iseki C, Takishita S. Relationship between predicted creatinine clearance and proteinuria and the risk of developing ESRD in Okinawa, Japan. Am J Kidney Dis 2004; 44: 806-14.
    • (2004) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.44 , pp. 806-814
    • Iseki, K.1    Kinjo, K.2    Iseki, C.3    Takishita, S.4
  • 8
    • 1642413198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal follow-up and outcomes among a population with chronic kidney disease in a large managed care organization
    • Keith DS, Nichols GA, Gullion CM, Brown JB, Smith DH. Longitudinal follow-up and outcomes among a population with chronic kidney disease in a large managed care organization. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164: 659-63.
    • (2004) Arch Intern Med , vol.164 , pp. 659-663
    • Keith, D.S.1    Nichols, G.A.2    Gullion, C.M.3    Brown, J.B.4    Smith, D.H.5
  • 9
    • 77953291128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overall health assessment: A renal perspective
    • Leoncini G, Viazzi F, Pontremoli R. Overall health assessment: a renal perspective. Lancet 2010; 375: 2053-4.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 2053-2054
    • Leoncini, G.1    Viazzi, F.2    Pontremoli, R.3
  • 10
    • 73449129140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States Renal Data System, USRDS, Bethesda, MD: National Institute of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2008
    • United States Renal Data System, USRDS 2008 Annual Data Report. Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States. Bethesda, MD: National Institute of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2008
    • (2008) Annual Data Report. Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States
  • 11
    • 17644378057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated blood pressure and risk of end-stage renal disease in subjects without baseline kidney disease
    • Hsu CY, McCulloch CE, Darbinian J, Go AS, Iribarren C. Elevated blood pressure and risk of end-stage renal disease in subjects without baseline kidney disease. Arch Intern Med 2005; 165: 923-8.
    • (2005) Arch Intern Med , vol.165 , pp. 923-928
    • Hsu, C.Y.1    McCulloch, C.E.2    Darbinian, J.3    Go, A.S.4    Iribarren, C.5
  • 12
    • 67649868169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Chronic Kidney Disease Surveillance Team. Blood pressure control among persons without and with chronic kidney disease: US trends and risk factors 1999-2006
    • Plantinga LC, Miller ER 3rd, Stevens LA, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Chronic Kidney Disease Surveillance Team. Blood pressure control among persons without and with chronic kidney disease: US trends and risk factors 1999-2006. Hypertension 2009; 54: 47-56.
    • (2009) Hypertension , vol.54 , pp. 47-56
    • Plantinga, L.C.1    Miller 3rd, E.R.2    Stevens, L.A.3
  • 13
    • 0036176161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: Evaluation, classification, and stratification
    • National Kidney Foundation
    • National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;39:S1-266.
    • (2002) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.39 , pp. 1-266
  • 14
    • 34548383480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESH-ESC Task Force on the Management of Arterial Hypertension 2007 ESH-ESC Practice Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: ESH-ESC Task Force on the Management of Arterial Hypertension
    • Erratum in: J Hypertens 2007; 25: 2184
    • Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, et al. ESH-ESC Task Force on the Management of Arterial Hypertension 2007 ESH-ESC Practice Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: ESH-ESC Task Force on the Management of Arterial Hypertension. J Hypertens 2007; 25: 1751-62. Erratum in: J Hypertens 2007; 25: 2184.
    • (2007) J Hypertens , vol.25 , pp. 1751-1762
    • Mancia, G.1    de Backer, G.2    Dominiczak, A.3
  • 15
    • 0141789624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of chronic kidney disease: The role of blood pressure control, proteinuria, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition: A patient-level meta-analysis
    • AIPRD Study Group
    • Jafar TH, Stark PC, Schmid CH, et al. AIPRD Study Group. Progression of chronic kidney disease: the role of blood pressure control, proteinuria, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition: a patient-level meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139: 244-52.
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.139 , pp. 244-252
    • Jafar, T.H.1    Stark, P.C.2    Schmid, C.H.3
  • 16
    • 20144363431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteinuria reduction and progression to renal failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overt nephropathy
    • Atkins RC, Briganti EM, Lewis JB, et al. Proteinuria reduction and progression to renal failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overt nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis 2005; 45: 281-7.
    • (2005) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.45 , pp. 281-287
    • Atkins, R.C.1    Briganti, E.M.2    Lewis, J.B.3
  • 17
    • 34248178511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Albuminuria is a target for renoprotective therapy independent from blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: Post-hoc analysis from the Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) trial
    • Eijkelkamp WB, Zhang Z, Remuzzi G, et al. Albuminuria is a target for renoprotective therapy independent from blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: post-hoc analysis from the Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) trial. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18: 1540-6.
    • (2007) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.18 , pp. 1540-1546
    • Eijkelkamp, W.B.1    Zhang, Z.2    Remuzzi, G.3
  • 18
    • 8344260643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remission to normoalbuminuria during multifactorial treatment preserves kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria
    • Gaede P, Tarnow L, Vedel P, Parving HH, Pedersen O. Remission to normoalbuminuria during multifactorial treatment preserves kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004; 19: 2784-8.
    • (2004) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.19 , pp. 2784-2788
    • Gaede, P.1    Tarnow, L.2    Vedel, P.3    Parving, H.H.4    Pedersen, O.5
  • 19
    • 0028215329 scopus 로고
    • The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group
    • Klahr S, Levey AS, Beck GJ, et al. The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 877-884.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , pp. 877-884
    • Klahr, S.1    Levey, A.S.2    Beck, G.J.3
  • 20
    • 0037145856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease: Results from the AASK trial
    • Wright JT, Jr., Bakris G, Greene T, et al. Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease: results from the AASK trial. JAMA 2002; 288: 2421-2431.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 2421-2431
    • Wright Jr., J.T.1    Bakris, G.2    Greene, T.3
  • 21
    • 77951735232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • ACCORD Study Group, Apr
    • ACCORD Study Group, Cushman WC, Evans GW, Byington RP, et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 2010 Apr 29; 362: 1575-85.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 1575-1585
    • Cushman, W.C.1    Evans, G.W.2    Byington, R.P.3
  • 22
    • 0028838569 scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure control, proteinuria, and the progression of renal disease. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study
    • Peterson JC, Adler S, Burkart JM, et al. Blood pressure control, proteinuria, and the progression of renal disease. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study. Ann Intern Med 1995; 123: 754-62.
    • (1995) Ann Intern Med , vol.123 , pp. 754-762
    • Peterson, J.C.1    Adler, S.2    Burkart, J.M.3
  • 23
    • 77952304465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the intrarenal renin-angiotensinaldosterone system in chronic kidney disease
    • Siragy HM, Carey RM. Role of the intrarenal renin-angiotensinaldosterone system in chronic kidney disease. Am J Nephrol 2010; 31: 541-50.
    • (2010) Am J Nephrol , vol.31 , pp. 541-550
    • Siragy, H.M.1    Carey, R.M.2
  • 26
    • 0032512094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of progressive nephropathies
    • Remuzzi G, Bertani T. Pathophysiology of progressive nephropathies. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 1448-56.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 1448-1456
    • Remuzzi, G.1    Bertani, T.2
  • 27
    • 0023224337 scopus 로고
    • Role of abnormally high transmural pressure in the permselectivity defect of glomerular capillary wall: A study in early passive Heymann nephritis
    • Yoshioka T, Rennke HG, Salant DJ, Deen WM, Ichikawa I. Role of abnormally high transmural pressure in the permselectivity defect of glomerular capillary wall: a study in early passive Heymann nephritis. Circ Res 1987; 61: 531-8.
    • (1987) Circ Res , vol.61 , pp. 531-538
    • Yoshioka, T.1    Rennke, H.G.2    Salant, D.J.3    Deen, W.M.4    Ichikawa, I.5
  • 28
    • 0027517659 scopus 로고
    • The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study Group
    • Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Bain RP, Rohde RD. The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1993; 329: 1456-62.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.329 , pp. 1456-1462
    • Lewis, E.J.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Bain, R.P.3    Rohde, R.D.4
  • 29
    • 0030604561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal renal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathy
    • The GISEN Group (Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia)
    • The GISEN Group (Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia). Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal renal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathy. Lancet 1997; 349: 1857-63.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 1857-1863
  • 30
    • 0035902622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and progression of nondiabetic renal disease. A meta-analysis of patient-level data
    • Jafar TH, Schmid CH, Landa M, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and progression of nondiabetic renal disease. A meta-analysis of patient-level data. Ann Intern Med 2001; 135: 73-87.
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.135 , pp. 73-87
    • Jafar, T.H.1    Schmid, C.H.2    Landa, M.3
  • 31
    • 28844504752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system and other antihypertensive drugs on renal outcomes: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Casas JP, Chua W, Loukogeorgakis S, et al. Effect of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system and other antihypertensive drugs on renal outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2005; 366: 2026-33.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , pp. 2026-2033
    • Casas, J.P.1    Chua, W.2    Loukogeorgakis, S.3
  • 32
    • 7444237666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetics Exposed to Telmisartan and Enalapril Study Group. Angiotensin-receptor blockade versus converting-enzyme inhibition in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy
    • Barnett AH, Bain SC, Bouter P, et al. Diabetics Exposed to Telmisartan and Enalapril Study Group. Angiotensin-receptor blockade versus converting-enzyme inhibition in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1952-61.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 1952-1961
    • Barnett, A.H.1    Bain, S.C.2    Bouter, P.3
  • 33
    • 42049107348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events
    • ONTARGET Investigators
    • ONTARGET Investigators, Yusuf S, Teo KK, Pogue J, et al. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med 2008;358:1547-59.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 1547-1559
    • Yusuf, S.1    Teo, K.K.2    Pogue, J.3
  • 34
    • 0035922447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collaborative Study Group. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes
    • Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Clarke WR, et al. Collaborative Study Group. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 851-60
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 851-860
    • Lewis, E.J.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Clarke, W.R.3
  • 35
    • 0035922441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • for the RENAAL Study Investigators. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy
    • Brenner BM, Cooper ME, de Zeeuw D, et al. for the RENAAL Study Investigators. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 861-9.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 861-869
    • Brenner, B.M.1    Cooper, M.E.2    de Zeeuw, D.3
  • 36
    • 0037967318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chymase is upregulated in diabetic nephropathy: Implications for an alternative pathway of angiotensin II-mediated diabetic renal and vascular disease
    • Huang XR, Chen WY, Truong LD, Lan HY. Chymase is upregulated in diabetic nephropathy: implications for an alternative pathway of angiotensin II-mediated diabetic renal and vascular disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: 1738-47.
    • (2003) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.14 , pp. 1738-1747
    • Huang, X.R.1    Chen, W.Y.2    Truong, L.D.3    Lan, H.Y.4
  • 37
    • 49349107302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renin-angiotensin system revisited
    • Fyhrquist F, Saijonmaa O. Renin-angiotensin system revisited. J Intern Med 2008; 264: 224-36.
    • (2008) J Intern Med , vol.264 , pp. 224-236
    • Fyhrquist, F.1    Saijonmaa, O.2
  • 38
    • 0019865836 scopus 로고
    • Rise in plasma concentration of aldosterone during long term angiotensin II suppression
    • Staessen J, Lijnen P, Fagard R, Verschueren LJ, Amery A. Rise in plasma concentration of aldosterone during long term angiotensin II suppression. J Endocrinol 1981; 91: 457-65.
    • (1981) J Endocrinol , vol.91 , pp. 457-465
    • Staessen, J.1    Lijnen, P.2    Fagard, R.3    Verschueren, L.J.4    Amery, A.5
  • 39
    • 74849089254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct renin inhibition and the kidney
    • Hollenberg NK. Direct renin inhibition and the kidney. Nat Rev Nephrol 2010; 6: 49-55.
    • (2010) Nat Rev Nephrol , vol.6 , pp. 49-55
    • Hollenberg, N.K.1
  • 40
    • 0030608626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal responses to AT1 blockade in angiotensin II-induced hypertensive rats
    • Wang CT, Zou LX, Navar LG. Renal responses to AT1 blockade in angiotensin II-induced hypertensive rats. J Am Soc Nephrol 1997; 8: 535-42.
    • (1997) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.8 , pp. 535-542
    • Wang, C.T.1    Zou, L.X.2    Navar, L.G.3
  • 41
    • 0028272442 scopus 로고
    • Potential importance of tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in preventing neointima formation
    • Rakugi H, Wang DS, Dzau VJ, Pratt RE. Potential importance of tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in preventing neointima formation. Circulation 1994; 90: 449-455.
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.90 , pp. 449-455
    • Rakugi, H.1    Wang, D.S.2    Dzau, V.J.3    Pratt, R.E.4
  • 42
    • 0033019010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin II receptor type 1 gene expression in human glomerulonephritis and diabetes mellitus
    • Wagner J, Gehlen F, Ciechanowicz A, Ritz E. Angiotensin II receptor type 1 gene expression in human glomerulonephritis and diabetes mellitus. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 545-51.
    • (1999) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.10 , pp. 545-551
    • Wagner, J.1    Gehlen, F.2    Ciechanowicz, A.3    Ritz, E.4
  • 43
    • 33645060064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Additional antiproteinuric effect of ultrahigh dose candesartan: A double-blind, randomized, prospective study
    • Schmieder RE, Klingbeil AU, Fleischmann EH, Veelken R, Delles C. Additional antiproteinuric effect of ultrahigh dose candesartan: a double-blind, randomized, prospective study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16: 3038-45.
    • (2005) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.16 , pp. 3038-3045
    • Schmieder, R.E.1    Klingbeil, A.U.2    Fleischmann, E.H.3    Veelken, R.4    Delles, C.5
  • 44
    • 30944466929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced renoprotective effects of ultrahigh doses of irbesartan in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria
    • Rossing K, Schjoedt KJ, Jensen BR, Boomsma F, Parving HH. Enhanced renoprotective effects of ultrahigh doses of irbesartan in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria. Kidney Int 2005; 68: 1190-8.
    • (2005) Kidney Int , vol.68 , pp. 1190-1198
    • Rossing, K.1    Schjoedt, K.J.2    Jensen, B.R.3    Boomsma, F.4    Parving, H.H.5
  • 45
    • 34548444609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Albuminuria response to very high-dose valsartan in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Hollenberg NK, Parving HH, Viberti G, et al. Albuminuria response to very high-dose valsartan in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Hypertens 2007; 25: 1921-6.
    • (2007) J Hypertens , vol.25 , pp. 1921-1926
    • Hollenberg, N.K.1    Parving, H.H.2    Viberti, G.3
  • 46
    • 65249126924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SMART (Supra Maximal Atacand Renal Trial) Investigators. Supramaximal dose of candesartan in proteinuric renal disease
    • Burgess E, Muirhead N, Rene de Cotret P, et al. SMART (Supra Maximal Atacand Renal Trial) Investigators. Supramaximal dose of candesartan in proteinuric renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 20: 893-900.
    • (2009) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.20 , pp. 893-900
    • Burgess, E.1    Muirhead, N.2    Rene de Cotret, P.3
  • 47
    • 34249897487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renoprotection of Optimal Antiproteinuric Doses (ROAD) Study. A Randomized Controlled Study of Benazepril and Losartan in Chronic Renal Insufficiency
    • Fan Fan Hou, Di Xie, Xun Zhang, et al. Renoprotection of Optimal Antiproteinuric Doses (ROAD) Study. A Randomized Controlled Study of Benazepril and Losartan in Chronic Renal Insufficiency. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18: 1889-98.
    • (2007) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.18 , pp. 1889-1898
    • Hou, F.F.1    Di, X.2    Zhang, X.3
  • 48
    • 38049139424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: Effect of monotherapy and combination therapy with inhibitors of the renin angiotensin system on proteinuria in renal disease
    • Kunz R, Friedrich C, Wolbers M, Mann JF. Meta-analysis: effect of monotherapy and combination therapy with inhibitors of the renin angiotensin system on proteinuria in renal disease. Ann Intern Med 2008, 148: 30-48.
    • (2008) Ann Intern Med , vol.148 , pp. 30-48
    • Kunz, R.1    Friedrich, C.2    Wolbers, M.3    Mann, J.F.4
  • 49
    • 0037431774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination treatment of angiotensin-II receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor in non-diabetic renal disease (COOPERATE): A randomised controlled trial
    • Nakao N, Yoshimura A, Morita H, et al. Combination treatment of angiotensin-II receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor in non-diabetic renal disease (COOPERATE): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003; 361: 117-24.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , pp. 117-124
    • Nakao, N.1    Yoshimura, A.2    Morita, H.3
  • 50
    • 0037431774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination treatment of angiotensin-II receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor in non-diabetic renal disease (COOPERATE): A randomised controlled trial
    • Erratum in: Lancet 2003; 361:1230.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , pp. 1230
    • Nakao, N.1    Yoshimura, A.2    Morita, H.3
  • 51
    • 70349771914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retraction-Combination treatment of angiotensin-II receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor in non-diabetic renal disease (COOPERATE): A randomised controlled trial
    • The Editors of The Lancet
    • The Editors of The Lancet. Retraction-Combination treatment of angiotensin-II receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor in non-diabetic renal disease (COOPERATE): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2009; 374: 1226.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , pp. 1226
  • 52
    • 49149087718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ONTARGET investigators. Renal outcomes with telmisartan, ramipril, or both, in people at high vascular risk (the ONTARGET study): A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial
    • Mann JF, Schmieder RE, McQueen M, et al. ONTARGET investigators. Renal outcomes with telmisartan, ramipril, or both, in people at high vascular risk (the ONTARGET study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. Lancet 2008; 372: 547-53.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 547-553
    • Mann, J.F.1    Schmieder, R.E.2    McQueen, M.3
  • 53
    • 66849128220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design of combination angiotensin receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor for treatment of diabetic nephropathy (VA NEPHRON-D)
    • VA NEPHRON-D Investigators
    • Fried LF, Duckworth W, Zhang JH, et al. VA NEPHRON-D Investigators. Design of combination angiotensin receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor for treatment of diabetic nephropathy (VA NEPHRON-D). Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 4: 361-8.
    • (2009) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.4 , pp. 361-368
    • Fried, L.F.1    Duckworth, W.2    Zhang, J.H.3
  • 54
    • 39449104268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protocol of the long-term impact of RAS inhibition on cardiorenal outcomes (LIRICO) randomized trial
    • LIRICO study group
    • Maione A, Nicolucci A, Craig JC, et al. LIRICO study group. Protocol of the long-term impact of RAS inhibition on cardiorenal outcomes (LIRICO) randomized trial. J Nephrol 2007; 20: 646-55.
    • (2007) J Nephrol , vol.20 , pp. 646-655
    • Maione, A.1    Nicolucci, A.2    Craig, J.C.3
  • 55
    • 84857124455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT00494715
  • 56
    • 85027932825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining blockers of the renin-angiotensin system or increasing the dose of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist in proteinuric patients: A randomized triple-crossover study
    • Meier P, Maillard MP, Meier JR, Tremblay S, Gauthier T, Burnier M. Combining blockers of the renin-angiotensin system or increasing the dose of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist in proteinuric patients: a randomized triple-crossover study. J Hypertens 2011; 29: 1228-35.
    • (2011) J Hypertens , vol.29 , pp. 1228-1235
    • Meier, P.1    Maillard, M.P.2    Meier, J.R.3    Tremblay, S.4    Gauthier, T.5    Burnier, M.6
  • 57
  • 58
    • 44849114597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aliskiren combined with losartan in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy
    • AVOID Study Investigators
    • Parving HH, Persson F, Lewis JB, Lewis EJ, Hollenberg NK. AVOID Study Investigators. Aliskiren combined with losartan in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 2433-46.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 2433-2446
    • Parving, H.H.1    Persson, F.2    Lewis, J.B.3    Lewis, E.J.4    Hollenberg, N.K.5
  • 59
    • 65249182083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aliskiren Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Using Cardio-Renal Endpoints (ALTITUDE): Rationale and study design
    • Parving HH, Brenner BM, McMurray JJ, et al. Aliskiren Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Using Cardio-Renal Endpoints (ALTITUDE): rationale and study design. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 24: 1663-71.
    • (2009) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.24 , pp. 1663-1671
    • Parving, H.H.1    Brenner, B.M.2    McMurray, J.J.3
  • 60
    • 38149030811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in proteinuria after adding aldosterone blockers to ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers in CKD: A systematic review
    • Bomback AS, Kshirsagar AV, Amamoo MA, Klemmer PJ. Change in proteinuria after adding aldosterone blockers to ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers in CKD: a systematic review. Am J Kidney Dis 2008; 51: 199-211.
    • (2008) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.51 , pp. 199-211
    • Bomback, A.S.1    Kshirsagar, A.V.2    Amamoo, M.A.3    Klemmer, P.J.4
  • 61
    • 66149131479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone antagonists for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Navaneethan SD, Nigwekar SU, Sehgal AR, Strippoli GF. Aldosterone antagonists for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 4: 542-551
    • (2009) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.4 , pp. 542-551
    • Navaneethan, S.D.1    Nigwekar, S.U.2    Sehgal, A.R.3    Strippoli, G.F.4
  • 62
    • 72049109463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of angiotensin receptor blockade or mineralocorticoid antagonism to maximal angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in diabetic nephropathy
    • Mehdi UF, Adams-Huet B, Raskin P, Vega GL, Toto RD. Addition of angiotensin receptor blockade or mineralocorticoid antagonism to maximal angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in diabetic nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 20: 2641-50.
    • (2009) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.20 , pp. 2641-2650
    • Mehdi, U.F.1    Adams-Huet, B.2    Raskin, P.3    Vega, G.L.4    Toto, R.D.5
  • 63
    • 7444221237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bergamo Nephrologic Diabetes Complications Trial (BENEDICT) Investigators. Preventing microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes
    • Ruggenenti P, Fassi A, Ilieva AP, et al. Bergamo Nephrologic Diabetes Complications Trial (BENEDICT) Investigators. Preventing microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1941-51.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 1941-1951
    • Ruggenenti, P.1    Fassi, A.2    Ilieva, A.P.3
  • 64
    • 33845257120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of blood pressure and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy on new-onset microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes: A post-hoc analysis of the BENEDICT trial
    • BENEDICT Study Group
    • Ruggenenti P, Perna A, Ganeva M, et al. BENEDICT Study Group. Impact of blood pressure and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy on new-onset microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes: a post-hoc analysis of the BENEDICT trial. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17: 3472-81.
    • (2006) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.17 , pp. 3472-3481
    • Ruggenenti, P.1    Perna, A.2    Ganeva, M.3
  • 65
    • 65249111029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lowering blood pressure reduces renal events in type 2 diabetes
    • ADVANCE Collaborative Group
    • de Galan BE, Perkovic V, Ninomiya T, et al. ADVANCE Collaborative Group. Lowering blood pressure reduces renal events in type 2 diabetes. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 20: 883-92.
    • (2009) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.20 , pp. 883-892
    • de Galan, B.E.1    Perkovic, V.2    Ninomiya, T.3
  • 66
    • 67649659279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of candesartan on microalbuminuria and albumin excretion rate in diabetes: Three randomized trials
    • Bilous R, Chaturvedi N, Sjølie AK, et al. Effect of candesartan on microalbuminuria and albumin excretion rate in diabetes: three randomized trials. Ann Intern Med 2009; 151: 11-20.
    • (2009) Ann Intern Med , vol.151 , pp. 11-20
    • Bilous, R.1    Chaturvedi, N.2    Sjølie, A.K.3
  • 67
    • 67649635807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal and retinal effects of enalapril and losartan in type 1 diabetes
    • Michael Mauer M, Zinman B, Gardiner R, et al. Renal and retinal effects of enalapril and losartan in type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2009; 361: 40-51.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.361 , pp. 40-51
    • Michael Mauer, M.1    Zinman, B.2    Gardiner, R.3
  • 68
    • 79952373965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olmesartan for the delay or prevention of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes
    • ROADMAP Trial Investigators
    • Haller H, Ito S, Izzo JL Jr, et al. ROADMAP Trial Investigators. Olmesartan for the delay or prevention of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 907-17.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.364 , pp. 907-917
    • Haller, H.1    Ito, S.2    Izzo Jr., J.L.3
  • 69
    • 84857130903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm251268.htm
  • 70
    • 84857124456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT00503152#desc
  • 71
    • 33845501641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antihypertensive therapy in the presence of proteinuria
    • Sarafidis PA, Khosla N, Bakris GL. Antihypertensive therapy in the presence of proteinuria. Am J Kidney Dis 2007; 49: 12-26.
    • (2007) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.49 , pp. 12-26
    • Sarafidis, P.A.1    Khosla, N.2    Bakris, G.L.3
  • 72
    • 77950187294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal outcomes with different fixed-dose combination therapies in patients with hypertension at high risk for cardiovascular events (ACCOMPLISH): A prespecified secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial
    • ACCOMPLISH Trial investigators
    • Bakris GL, Sarafidis PA, Weir MR, et al. ACCOMPLISH Trial investigators. Renal outcomes with different fixed-dose combination therapies in patients with hypertension at high risk for cardiovascular events (ACCOMPLISH): a prespecified secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2010; 375: 1173-81.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 1173-1181
    • Bakris, G.L.1    Sarafidis, P.A.2    Weir, M.R.3
  • 73
    • 77958456490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic kidney disease and albuminuria in arterial hypertension
    • Leoncini G, Viazzi F, Pontremoli R. Chronic kidney disease and albuminuria in arterial hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2010; 12: 335-41.
    • (2010) Curr Hypertens Rep , vol.12 , pp. 335-341
    • Leoncini, G.1    Viazzi, F.2    Pontremoli, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.