메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 753-766

Mesoscale convective complexes over Southern Africa

Author keywords

Climatology; Convective storms; Mesoscale systems; Satellite observations

Indexed keywords

AGULHAS CURRENT; AMAZON REGION; AUSTRAL SUMMERS; AUTOMATED METHODS; BOTSWANA; CONVECTIVE STORMS; CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; MAXIMUM SPATIAL CORRELATION TECHNIQUES; MESO-SCALE SYSTEMS; MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE COMPLEXES; MONITOR SYSTEM; MOZAMBIQUE; NAMIBIA; SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS; TIME-SCALES; WARM WATER;

EID: 84856950342     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-10-05013.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (58)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 0001558982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective complexes and persistent elongated convective systems over the United States during 1992 and 1993
    • Anderson, C. J., and R. W. Arritt, 1998: Mesoscale convective complexes and persistent elongated convective systems over the United States during 1992 and 1993. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 578-599.
    • (1998) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.126 , pp. 578-599
    • Anderson, C.J.1    Arritt, R.W.2
  • 2
    • 0035442422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective systems over the United States during the 1997-98 El Niño
    • Anderson, C. J., and R. W. Arritt, 2001: Mesoscale convective systems over the United States during the 1997-98 El Niño. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2443-2457.
    • (2001) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.129 , pp. 2443-2457
    • Anderson, C.J.1    Arritt, R.W.2
  • 4
    • 0024223327 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective complexes over the United States during 1985
    • Augustine, J. A., and K. W. Howard, 1988: Mesoscale convective complexes over the United States during 1985.Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 685-701.
    • (1988) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.116 , pp. 685-701
    • Augustine, J.A.1    Howard, K.W.2
  • 5
    • 0026306507 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective complexes over the United States during 1986 and 1987
    • Augustine, J. A., and K. W. Howard,1991: Mesoscale convective complexes over the United States during 1986 and 1987. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1575-1589.
    • (1991) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.119 , pp. 1575-1589
    • Augustine, J.A.1    Howard, K.W.2
  • 6
    • 0028174752 scopus 로고
    • Lower-tropospheric precursors to nocturnal MCS development over the central United States
    • Augustine, J. A., and F. Caracena, 1994: Lower-tropospheric precursors to nocturnal MCS development over the central United States. Wea. Forecasting, 9, 116-135.
    • (1994) Wea. Forecasting , vol.9 , pp. 116-135
    • Augustine, J.A.1    Caracena, F.2
  • 7
    • 0026286954 scopus 로고
    • Midlevel cyclonic vortices generated by mesoscale convective systems
    • Bartels, D. L., and R. A. Maddox, 1991: Midlevel cyclonic vortices generated by mesoscale convective systems. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 104-118.
    • (1991) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.119 , pp. 104-118
    • Bartels, D.L.1    Maddox, R.A.2
  • 8
    • 0035862122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subtropical SST dipole events in the southern IndianOcean
    • Behera, S.K., and T.Yamagata, 2001: Subtropical SST dipole events in the southern IndianOcean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 327-330.
    • (2001) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.28 , pp. 327-330
    • Behera, S.K.1    Yamagata, T.2
  • 9
    • 58049120214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulation of a mesoscale convective system over the east coast of South Africa
    • Blamey, R. C., and C. J. C. Reason, 2009: Numerical simulation of a mesoscale convective system over the east coast of South Africa. Tellus, 61A, 17-34.
    • (2009) Tellus , vol.61 A , pp. 17-34
    • Blamey, R.C.1    Reason, C.J.C.2
  • 10
    • 0141738355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spatial distribution of severe thunderstorm and tornado environments from global reanalysis data
    • Brooks, H. E., J. W. Lee, and J. P. Craven, 2003: The spatial distribution of severe thunderstorm and tornado environments from global reanalysis data. Atmos. Res., 67-68, 73-94.
    • (2003) Atmos. Res. , vol.67-68 , pp. 73-94
    • Brooks, H.E.1    Lee, J.W.2    Craven, J.P.3
  • 11
    • 0035482911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A satellite method to identify structural properties of mesoscale convective systems based on the maximum spatial correlation tracking technique (MASCOTTE)
    • Carvalho, L. M. V., and C. Jones, 2001: A satellite method to identify structural properties of mesoscale convective systems based on the maximum spatial correlation tracking technique (MASCOTTE). J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 1683-1701.
    • (2001) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.40 , pp. 1683-1701
    • Carvalho, L.M.V.1    Jones, C.2
  • 12
    • 0029769393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiscale variability of deep convection in relation to large-scale circulation TOGA COARE
    • Chen, S. S., R. A. Houze, and B. E. Mapes, 1996: Multiscale variability of deep convection in relation to large-scale circulation TOGA COARE. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1380-1409.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 1380-1409
    • Chen, S.S.1    Houze, R.A.2    Mapes, B.E.3
  • 13
    • 4344590600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wet and dry spells within particularly wet and dry summers in the South African summer rainfall region
    • Cook, C., C. J. C. Reason, and B. C. Hewitson, 2004: Wet and dry spells within particularly wet and dry summers in the South African summer rainfall region. Climate Res., 26, 17-31.
    • (2004) Climate Res. , vol.26 , pp. 17-31
    • Cook, C.1    Reason, C.J.C.2    Hewitson, B.C.3
  • 14
    • 0034318948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The South Indian convergence zone and interannual rainfall variability over southern Africa
    • Cook, K. H., 2000: The South Indian convergence zone and interannual rainfall variability over southern Africa. J. Climate, 13, 3789-3804.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 3789-3804
    • Cook, K.H.1
  • 15
    • 0029674236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting the movement of mesoscale convective complexes
    • Corfidi, S. F., J. H. Meritt, and J. M. Fritsch, 1996: Predicting the movement of mesoscale convective complexes. Wea. Forecasting, 11, 41-46.
    • (1996) Wea. Forecasting , vol.11 , pp. 41-46
    • Corfidi, S.F.1    Meritt, J.H.2    Fritsch, J.M.3
  • 18
    • 0033414872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The extreme precipitation event of 11-16 February 1996 over South Africa
    • Crimp, S. J., and S. J. Mason, 1999: The extreme precipitation event of 11-16 February 1996 over South Africa. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 70, 29-42.
    • (1999) Meteor. Atmos. Phys. , vol.70 , pp. 29-42
    • Crimp, S.J.1    Mason, S.J.2
  • 19
    • 84986642701 scopus 로고
    • Water vapour transport over southern Africa during wet and dry early and later summer months
    • D'Abreton, P. C., and J. A. Lindesay, 1993: Water vapour transport over southern Africa during wet and dry early and later summer months. Int. J. Climatol., 13, 151-170.
    • (1993) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.13 , pp. 151-170
    • D'Abreton, P.C.1    Lindesay, J.A.2
  • 20
    • 21844508772 scopus 로고
    • Divergent and non-divergent water vapour transport over southern Africa during wet and dry conditions
    • D'Abreton, P. C., and J. A. Lindesay, 1995: Divergent and non-divergent water vapour transport over southern Africa during wet and dry conditions. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 55, 297-306.
    • (1995) Meteor. Atmos. Phys. , vol.55 , pp. 297-306
    • D'Abreton, P.C.1    Lindesay, J.A.2
  • 21
    • 21844508772 scopus 로고
    • Divergent and non-divergent water vapour transport over southern Africa during wet and dry conditions
    • doi:10.1007/BF01029601
    • D'Abreton, P. C, and P. D. Tyson, 1995:Divergent and non-divergent water vapour transport over southern Africa during wet and dry conditions. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 55, 47-59, doi:10.1007/BF01029601.
    • (1995) Meteor. Atmos. Phys. , vol.55 , pp. 47-59
    • D'Abreton, P.C.1    Tyson, P.D.2
  • 22
    • 0004806565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heavy precipitation and flooding on 12-14 February 1996 over the summer rainfall regions of South Africa: Synoptic and isentropic analyses
    • de Coning, E., G. S. Forbes, and E. Poolman, 1998: Heavy precipitation and flooding on 12-14 February 1996 over the summer rainfall regions of South Africa: Synoptic and isentropic analyses. Natl. Wea. Dig., 22 (3), 25-36.
    • (1998) Natl. Wea. Dig. , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 25-36
    • de Coning, E.1    Forbes, G.S.2    Poolman, E.3
  • 23
    • 76849085078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aclimatology of warm-season mesoscale convective complexes in subtropical South America
    • Durkee, J. D., and T. L. Mote, 2009:Aclimatology of warm-season mesoscale convective complexes in subtropical South America. Int. J. Climatol., 30, 418-431.
    • (2009) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.30 , pp. 418-431
    • Durkee, J.D.1    Mote, T.L.2
  • 24
    • 70350008309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of mesoscale convective complexes to rainfall across subtropical South America
    • Durkee, J. D., T. L. Mote, and J. M. Sheppard, 2009: The contribution of mesoscale convective complexes to rainfall across subtropical South America. J. Climate, 22, 4590-4605.
    • (2009) J. Climate , vol.22 , pp. 4590-4605
    • Durkee, J.D.1    Mote, T.L.2    Sheppard, J.M.3
  • 25
    • 0034975480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The heavy rainfall and floods over the northeastern interior of South Africa during February 2000
    • Dyson, L. L., and J. van Heerden, 2001: The heavy rainfall and floods over the northeastern interior of South Africa during February 2000. S. Afr. J. Sci., 97, 80-86.
    • (2001) S. Afr. J. Sci. , vol.97 , pp. 80-86
    • Dyson, L.L.1    van Heerden, J.2
  • 29
    • 58049114213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective systems over South Africa
    • R. A. Pielke Jr., and R. A. Pielke Sr., Eds., Routledge
    • Garstang, M., and P. Tyson, 2000: Mesoscale convective systems over South Africa. Storms, Vol. II, R. A. Pielke Jr., and R. A. Pielke Sr., Eds., Routledge, 146-162.
    • (2000) Storms , vol.2 , pp. 146-162
    • Garstang, M.1    Tyson, P.2
  • 30
    • 0023510935 scopus 로고
    • Generation of convective storms over the escarpment of NE South Africa
    • Garstang, M., B. E. Kelbe, G. D. Emmit, and W. B. London, 1987: Generation of convective storms over the escarpment of NE South Africa. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 429-443.
    • (1987) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.115 , pp. 429-443
    • Garstang, M.1    Kelbe, B.E.2    Emmit, G.D.3    London, W.B.4
  • 31
    • 0001562342 scopus 로고
    • Diurnal variation of deep cumulus convection
    • Gray, W. M., and R. W. Jacobson, 1977: Diurnal variation of deep cumulus convection. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 1171-1188.
    • (1977) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.105 , pp. 1171-1188
    • Gray, W.M.1    Jacobson, R.W.2
  • 32
    • 0021556641 scopus 로고
    • A generalized classification of South African rain-bearing synoptic systems
    • Harrison, M. S. J., 1984: A generalized classification of South African rain-bearing synoptic systems. Int. J. Climatol., 4, 547-560.
    • (1984) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.4 , pp. 547-560
    • Harrison, M.S.J.1
  • 33
    • 77958487654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical- extratropical interactions over southern Africa: Three cases of heavy summer season rainfall
    • Hart, N. C. G., C. J. C. Reason, and N. Faucereau, 2010: Tropical- extratropical interactions over southern Africa: Three cases of heavy summer season rainfall. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 2608-2623.
    • (2010) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.138 , pp. 2608-2623
    • Hart, N.C.G.1    Reason, C.J.C.2    Faucereau, N.3
  • 34
    • 0004157717 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary study of mesoscale convective complexes over the mid-latitudes of eastern Australia
    • James, J., 1992: A preliminary study of mesoscale convective complexes over the mid-latitudes of eastern Australia. Bureau of Meteorology Tech. Rep. 66, 30 pp.
    • (1992) Bureau of Meteorology Tech. Rep. , vol.66
    • James, J.1
  • 35
    • 78249233245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flood-producing cloud bands over the Kalahari Desert
    • Jury, M. R., 2010: Flood-producing cloud bands over the Kalahari Desert. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 102, 367-378.
    • (2010) Theor. Appl. Climatol. , vol.102 , pp. 367-378
    • Jury, M.R.1
  • 36
    • 0027796280 scopus 로고
    • Influence of the Agulhas Current on summer rainfall on the southeast coast of South Africa
    • Jury, M. R., H. R. Valentine, and J. R. E. Lutjeharms, 1993: Influence of the Agulhas Current on summer rainfall on the southeast coast of South Africa. J. Appl. Meteor., 32, 1282-1287.
    • (1993) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.32 , pp. 1282-1287
    • Jury, M.R.1    Valentine, H.R.2    Lutjeharms, J.R.E.3
  • 37
    • 44449176545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propagation and diurnal evolution of warm season cloudiness in the Australian and Maritime Continent region
    • Keenan, T. D., and R. E. Carbone, 2008: Propagation and diurnal evolution of warm season cloudiness in the Australian and Maritime Continent region. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 973-994.
    • (2008) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.136 , pp. 973-994
    • Keenan, T.D.1    Carbone, R.E.2
  • 38
    • 0027871621 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective complexes in Africa
    • Laing, A. G., and J. M. Fritsch, 1993a: Mesoscale convective complexes in Africa. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 2254-2263.
    • (1993) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.121 , pp. 2254-2263
    • Laing, A.G.1    Fritsch, J.M.2
  • 39
    • 0027427025 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective complexes over the Indian monsoon region
    • Laing, A. G., and J. M. Fritsch, 1993b: Mesoscale convective complexes over the Indian monsoon region. J. Climate, 6, 911-919.
    • (1993) J. Climate , vol.6 , pp. 911-919
    • Laing, A.G.1    Fritsch, J.M.2
  • 40
    • 0031449308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global population of mesoscale convective complexes
    • Laing, A. G., and J. M. Fritsch, 1997: The global population of mesoscale convective complexes. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 123, 389-405.
    • (1997) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.123 , pp. 389-405
    • Laing, A.G.1    Fritsch, J.M.2
  • 41
    • 0033754491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The large-scale environments of the global populations of mesoscale convective complexes
    • Laing, A. G., and J. M. Fritsch, 2000: The large-scale environments of the global populations of mesoscale convective complexes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 2756-2776.
    • (2000) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.128 , pp. 2756-2776
    • Laing, A.G.1    Fritsch, J.M.2
  • 42
    • 0032738107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of mesoscale convective complexes to rainfall in Sahelian Africa: Estimates from geostationary infrared and passive microwave data
    • Laing, A. G., and J. M. Fritsch, and A. J. Negri, 1999: Contribution of mesoscale convective complexes to rainfall in Sahelian Africa: Estimates from geostationary infrared and passive microwave data. J. Appl. Meteor., 38, 957-964.
    • (1999) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.38 , pp. 957-964
    • Laing, A.G.1    Fritsch, J.M.2    Negri, A.J.3
  • 43
    • 0033570683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change in the association between Indian Ocean sea-surface temperatures and summer rainfall over South Africa and Namibia
    • Landman, W. A., and S. J. Mason, 1999: Change in the association between Indian Ocean sea-surface temperatures and summer rainfall over South Africa and Namibia. Int. J. Climatol., 19, 1477-1492.
    • (1999) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.19 , pp. 1477-1492
    • Landman, W.A.1    Mason, S.J.2
  • 44
    • 0032460746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How important is the contribution of mesoscale convective complexes to the Sahelian rainfall
    • Laurent, H., N. D'Amato, and T. Lebel, 1998: How important is the contribution of mesoscale convective complexes to the Sahelian rainfall. Phys. Chem. Earth, 23, 629-633.
    • (1998) Phys. Chem. Earth , vol.23 , pp. 629-633
    • Laurent, H.1    D'Amato, N.2    Lebel, T.3
  • 45
    • 0023727743 scopus 로고
    • South African rainfall, the Southern Oscillation and a Southern Hemisphere semi-annual cycle
    • Lindesay, J. A., 1988: South African rainfall, the Southern Oscillation and a Southern Hemisphere semi-annual cycle. J. Climatol., 8, 17-30.
    • (1988) J. Climatol. , vol.8 , pp. 17-30
    • Lindesay, J.A.1
  • 46
    • 0032418429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life cycle variations of mesoscale convective systems over the Americas
    • Machado, L. A. T., W. B. Rossow, R. L. Guedes, and A. W. Walker, 1998: Life cycle variations of mesoscale convective systems over the Americas. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 1630-1654.
    • (1998) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.126 , pp. 1630-1654
    • Machado, L.A.T.1    Rossow, W.B.2    Guedes, R.L.3    Walker, A.W.4
  • 47
    • 0019140471 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective complexes
    • Maddox, R. A., 1980: Mesoscale convective complexes. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 61, 1374-1387.
    • (1980) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.61 , pp. 1374-1387
    • Maddox, R.A.1
  • 48
    • 0020862710 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale meteorological conditions associated with mid-latitude, mesoscale convective complexes
    • Maddox, R. A., 1983: Large-scale meteorological conditions associated with mid-latitude, mesoscale convective complexes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1475-1493.
    • (1983) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.111 , pp. 1475-1493
    • Maddox, R.A.1
  • 50
    • 0037983858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diurnal patterns of rainfall in northwestern South America. Part III: Diurnal gravity waves and nocturnal convection offshore
    • Mapes, B. E., T. T. Warner, and M. Xu, 2003: Diurnal patterns of rainfall in northwestern South America. Part III: Diurnal gravity waves and nocturnal convection offshore. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 830-844.
    • (2003) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.131 , pp. 830-844
    • Mapes, B.E.1    Warner, T.T.2    Xu, M.3
  • 51
    • 0031465846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate variability and change over southern Africa: A reflection on underlying processes
    • Mason, S. J., and M. R. Jury, 1997: Climate variability and change over southern Africa: A reflection on underlying processes. Prog. Phys. Geogr., 21, 23-50.
    • (1997) Prog. Phys. Geogr. , vol.21 , pp. 23-50
    • Mason, S.J.1    Jury, M.R.2
  • 52
    • 0036867376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective system rainfall in the Sahel
    • Mathon, V., H. Laurent, and T. Lebel, 2002: Mesoscale convective system rainfall in the Sahel. J. Appl. Meteor., 41, 1081-1092.
    • (2002) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.41 , pp. 1081-1092
    • Mathon, V.1    Laurent, H.2    Lebel, T.3
  • 53
    • 0024813609 scopus 로고
    • The precipitation life cycle of mesoscale convective complexes over the central United States
    • McAnelly, R. L., and W. R. Cotton, 1989: The precipitation life cycle of mesoscale convective complexes over the central United States. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 784-808.
    • (1989) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.117 , pp. 784-808
    • McAnelly, R.L.1    Cotton, W.R.2
  • 54
    • 0026279684 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective complexes in the western Pacific region
    • Miller, D., and J. M. Fritsch, 1991: Mesoscale convective complexes in the western Pacific region. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 2978-2992.
    • (1991) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.119 , pp. 2978-2992
    • Miller, D.1    Fritsch, J.M.2
  • 55
    • 77958094017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global precipitation extremes associated with diurnally varying low-level jets
    • Monaghan, A. J., D. L. Rife, J. O. Pinto, C. A. Davis, and J. R. Hannan, 2010: Global precipitation extremes associated with diurnally varying low-level jets. J. Climate, 23, 5065-5084.
    • (2010) J. Climate , vol.23 , pp. 5065-5084
    • Monaghan, A.J.1    Rife, D.L.2    Pinto, J.O.3    Davis, C.A.4    Hannan, J.R.5
  • 56
    • 46649101089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme rainfall in the Namib Desert during late summer 2006 and influences of regional ocean variability
    • Muller, A., C. J. C. Reason, and N. Fauchereau, 2008: Extreme rainfall in the Namib Desert during late summer 2006 and influences of regional ocean variability. Int. J. Climatol., 28, 1061-1070.
    • (2008) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.28 , pp. 1061-1070
    • Muller, A.1    Reason, C.J.C.2    Fauchereau, N.3
  • 57
  • 58
    • 0032276070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warm and cold events in the southeast Atlantic/southwest Indian Ocean region and potential impacts on circulation and rainfall over southern Africa
    • Reason, C. J. C., 1998: Warm and cold events in the southeast Atlantic/southwest Indian Ocean region and potential impacts on circulation and rainfall over southern Africa. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 69, 49-65.
    • (1998) Meteor. Atmos. Phys. , vol.69 , pp. 49-65
    • Reason, C.J.C.1
  • 59
    • 0035874655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the influence of the Agulhas Current on regional atmospheric circulation patterns
    • Reason, C. J. C., 2001a: Evidence for the influence of the Agulhas Current on regional atmospheric circulation patterns. J. Climate, 14, 2769-2778.
    • (2001) J. Climate , vol.14 , pp. 2769-2778
    • Reason, C.J.C.1
  • 60
    • 0035364038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subtropical Indian Ocean SST dipole events and southernAfrican rainfall
    • Reason, C. J. C., 2001b: Subtropical Indian Ocean SST dipole events and southernAfrican rainfall. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2225-2227.
    • (2001) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.28 , pp. 2225-2227
    • Reason, C.J.C.1
  • 61
    • 0033376187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between South African rainfall and SST anomalies in the southwest Indian Ocean
    • Reason, C. J. C., and H. M. Mulenga, 1999: Relationship between South African rainfall and SST anomalies in the southwest Indian Ocean. Int. J. Climatol., 19, 1652-1673.
    • (1999) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.19 , pp. 1652-1673
    • Reason, C.J.C.1    Mulenga, H.M.2
  • 62
    • 13644272314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical Cyclone Eline and its unusual penetration and impacts over the southern African mainland
    • Reason, C. J. C., and A. Keibel, 2004: Tropical Cyclone Eline and its unusual penetration and impacts over the southern African mainland. Wea. Forecasting, 19, 789-805.
    • (2004) Wea. Forecasting , vol.19 , pp. 789-805
    • Reason, C.J.C.1    Keibel, A.2
  • 63
    • 21844464885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model investigation of recent ENSO impacts over southern Africa
    • Reason, C. J. C., and D. Jagadheesha, 2005: A model investigation of recent ENSO impacts over southern Africa. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 89, 181-205.
    • (2005) Meteor. Atmos. Phys. , vol.89 , pp. 181-205
    • Reason, C.J.C.1    Jagadheesha, D.2
  • 64
    • 0033835011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENSO and climatic signals across the Indian Ocean Basin in the global context: Part I: Interannual composite patterns
    • Reason, C. J. C., R. J. Allan, J. A. Lindesay, and T. J. Ansell, 2000: ENSO and climatic signals across the Indian Ocean Basin in the global context: Part I, Interannual composite patterns. Int. J. Climatol., 20, 1285-1327.
    • (2000) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.20 , pp. 1285-1327
    • Reason, C.J.C.1    Allan, R.J.2    Lindesay, J.A.3    Ansell, T.J.4
  • 65
    • 33747069418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal to decadal prediction of southern African climate and its links with variability of the Atlantic Ocean
    • Reason, C. J. C., W. Landman, and W. Tennant, 2006: Seasonal to decadal prediction of southern African climate and its links with variability of the Atlantic Ocean. Bull. Amer.Meteor. Soc., 87, 941-955.
    • (2006) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.87 , pp. 941-955
    • Reason, C.J.C.1    Landman, W.2    Tennant, W.3
  • 66
    • 77958109429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global distribution and characteristics of diurnally varying low-level jets
    • Rife, D. L., J. O. Pinto, A. J. Monaghan, C. A. Davis, and J. R. Hannon, 2010: Global distribution and characteristics of diurnally varying low-level jets. J. Climate, 23, 5041-5064.
    • (2010) J. Climate , vol.23 , pp. 5041-5064
    • Rife, D.L.1    Pinto, J.O.2    Monaghan, A.J.3    Davis, C.A.4    Hannon, J.R.5
  • 67
    • 0036693115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean-atmosphere interaction in the Agulhas Current region and a South African extreme weather event
    • Rouault, M., S. A. White, C. J. C. Reason, J. R. E. Lutjeharms, and I. Jobard, 2002: Ocean-atmosphere interaction in the Agulhas Current region and a South African extreme weather event. Wea. Forecasting, 17, 655-669.
    • (2002) Wea. Forecasting , vol.17 , pp. 655-669
    • Rouault, M.1    White, S.A.2    Reason, C.J.C.3    Lutjeharms, J.R.E.4    Jobard, I.5
  • 68
    • 0042991429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • South east tropical Atlantic warm events and southern African rainfall
    • Rouault, M., P. Florenchie, N. Fauchereau, and C. J. C. Reason, 2003a: South east tropical Atlantic warm events and southern African rainfall. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 8009-8013.
    • (2003) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.30 , pp. 8009-8013
    • Rouault, M.1    Florenchie, P.2    Fauchereau, N.3    Reason, C.J.C.4
  • 69
    • 0141676163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Underestimation of latent and sensible heat fluxes above the Agulhas Current in NCEP and ECMWF analyses
    • Rouault, M., C. J. C. Reason, J. R. E. Lutjeharms, and A. C. M. Beljaars, 2003b: Underestimation of latent and sensible heat fluxes above the Agulhas Current in NCEP and ECMWF analyses. J. Climate, 16, 776-782.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 776-782
    • Rouault, M.1    Reason, C.J.C.2    Lutjeharms, J.R.E.3    Beljaars, A.C.M.4
  • 70
    • 30544436667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acyclogenesis index for tropical Atlantic off the African coast
    • Sall, A. M., H. Sauvagoet, A. T. Gaye, A. Viltard, and P. Felice, 2005:Acyclogenesis index for tropical Atlantic off the African coast. Atmos. Res., 79, 123-147.
    • (2005) Atmos. Res. , vol.79 , pp. 123-147
    • Sall, A.M.1    Sauvagoet, H.2    Gaye, A.T.3    Viltard, A.4    Felice, P.5
  • 71
    • 33645580136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulations of a severe rainfall event over the Eastern Cape coast of South Africa: Sensitivity to sea surface temperature and topography
    • Singleton, A. T., and C. J. C. Reason, 2006: Numerical simulations of a severe rainfall event over the Eastern Cape coast of South Africa: Sensitivity to sea surface temperature and topography. Tellus, 58A, 355-367.
    • (2006) Tellus , vol.58 A , pp. 355-367
    • Singleton, A.T.1    Reason, C.J.C.2
  • 72
    • 34047225165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A numerical model study of an intense cutoff low pressure system over South Africa
    • Singleton, A. T., and C. J. C. Reason, 2007: A numerical model study of an intense cutoff low pressure system over South Africa. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 1128-1150.
    • (2007) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.135 , pp. 1128-1150
    • Singleton, A.T.1    Reason, C.J.C.2
  • 73
    • 0030438877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of low level jets to climate: A review
    • Stensrud, D. J., 1996: Importance of low level jets to climate: A review. J. Climate, 9, 1698-1711.
    • (1996) J. Climate , vol.9 , pp. 1698-1711
    • Stensrud, D.J.1
  • 74
    • 0033379908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulation anomalies associated with tropical-temperate troughs in southern Africa and the southwest Indian Ocean
    • Todd, M. C., and R. Washington, 1999: Circulation anomalies associated with tropical-temperate troughs in southern Africa and the southwest Indian Ocean. Climate Dyn., 15, 937-951.
    • (1999) Climate Dyn. , vol.15 , pp. 937-951
    • Todd, M.C.1    Washington, R.2
  • 75
    • 1942434507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water vapour transport associated with tropical-temperate trough systems over southern Africa and the southwest Indian Ocean
    • Todd, M. C., R. Washington, and P. I. Palmer, 2004: Water vapour transport associated with tropical-temperate trough systems over southern Africa and the southwest Indian Ocean. Int. J. Climatol., 24, 555-568.
    • (2004) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.24 , pp. 555-568
    • Todd, M.C.1    Washington, R.2    Palmer, P.I.3
  • 76
    • 84856962668 scopus 로고
    • A ten year summary of severe weather in mesoscale convective complexes
    • Preprints, St. Louis, MO, Amer. Meteor. Soc
    • Tollerud, E. I., and R. S. Collander, 1993: A ten year summary of severe weather in mesoscale convective complexes. Preprints, 17th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, St. Louis, MO, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 533-537.
    • (1993) 17th Conf. on Severe Local Storms , pp. 533-537
    • Tollerud, E.I.1    Collander, R.S.2
  • 77
    • 33749008987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms supporting long-lived episodes of propagating nocturnal convection within a 7-day WRF model simulation
    • Trier, S. B., C. A. Davis, D. A. Ahijevych, M. L. Weisman, and G. H. Bryan, 2006: Mechanisms supporting long-lived episodes of propagating nocturnal convection within a 7-day WRF model simulation. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2437-2461.
    • (2006) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.63 , pp. 2437-2461
    • Trier, S.B.1    Davis, C.A.2    Ahijevych, D.A.3    Weisman, M.L.4    Bryan, G.H.5
  • 79
    • 0023471705 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale convective complexes in the Americas
    • Velasco, I., and J. M. Fritsch, 1987: Mesoscale convective complexes in the Americas. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 9591-9613.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.92 , pp. 9591-9613
    • Velasco, I.1    Fritsch, J.M.2
  • 80
    • 0033619587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical-temperate links in southern Africa and southwest Indian Ocean satellite-derived daily rainfall
    • Washington, R., and M. C. Todd, 1999: Tropical-temperate links in southern Africa and southwest Indian Ocean satellite-derived daily rainfall. Int. J. Climatol., 19, 1601-1616.
    • (1999) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.19 , pp. 1601-1616
    • Washington, R.1    Todd, M.C.2
  • 81
    • 84870267223 scopus 로고
    • The generalization of "Student's" problemwhen several different population variances are involved
    • Welch, B. L., 1947: The generalization of "Student's" problemwhen several different population variances are involved. Biometrika, 34, 28-35.
    • (1947) Biometrika , vol.34 , pp. 28-35
    • Welch, B.L.1
  • 82
    • 0023499084 scopus 로고
    • Satellite-observed characteristics of winter monsoon cloud clusters
    • Williams, M., and R. A. Houze Jr., 1987: Satellite-observed characteristics of winter monsoon cloud clusters. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 505-519.
    • (1987) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.115 , pp. 505-519
    • Williams, M.1    Houze Jr., R.A.2
  • 84
    • 0004252445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5th ed. Pearson Prentice-Hall
    • Zar, J. H., 2010: Biostatistical Analysis. 5th ed. Pearson Prentice-Hall, 944 pp.
    • (2010) Biostatistical Analysis , pp. 944
    • Zar, J.H.1
  • 85
    • 84856959981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issues in forecasting mesoscale convective systems: An observational andmodelling perspective
    • R. A. Pielke Jr., and R. A. Pielke Sr., Eds., Routledge
    • Ziegler, C. L., 2000: Issues in forecasting mesoscale convective systems: An observational andmodelling perspective. Storms, Vol. II, R. A. Pielke Jr., and R. A. Pielke Sr., Eds., Routledge, 26-42.
    • (2000) Storms , vol.2 , pp. 26-42
    • Ziegler, C.L.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.