Bacteria etiological agents causing respiratory tract infections in children and their resistance patterns to a panel of ten antibiotics

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 18-23

  Nweze, E I ^a   Ezute, S ^b   Emeka, Nweze CC ^c   Ogbonna, C C ^d   Eze, C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA   (Nigeria)

^b EBONYI STATE UNIVERSITY   (Nigeria)

^c Case Western Reserve University   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CAMERINO   (Italy)

Author keywords

Ampicillin; Antibiotic abuse; Antimicrobial resistance; Bacteria; Bacteria etiological agents; Children; Gentamycin; Nigeria; Respiratory tract infections

Indexed keywords

AMPICILLIN; CEFTRIAXONE; CEFUROXIME; CHLORAMPHENICOL; CIPROFLOXACIN; COTRIMOXAZOLE; ERYTHROMYCIN; GENTAMICIN; PENICILLIN G; TETRACYCLINE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL INFECTION; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; CHILD; CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE; DISK DIFFUSION; FEMALE; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE; HUMAN; KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE; MALE; NIGERIA; NONHUMAN; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; SCHOOL CHILD; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES; THROAT CULTURE;

EID: 84856850067     PISSN: 22221808     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S2222-1808(12)60005-X     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Ndip RN, Ntiege EA, Ndip LM, Nkwelang G, Aoachere TK, Nkuo Akenji T Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial agents of the upper respiratory tract of school children in Buea, Cameroon. J Health Population and Nutrition 2008, 26:397-404.
2. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Common cold (Overview). Bethesda, USA: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Accessed on 10th January, 2010). http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/commoncold.
3. British Lung Foundation Facts about respiratory disease. London: British Lung Foundation [Accessed on 10th January, 2010]. http://www.lunguk.org/media-and-campaigning/media-centre/lung-stats-and-facts/factsaboutrespiratorydisease.htm.0
4. Public Health Agency of Canada Chronic respiratory diseases 2011, Public Health Agency of Canadap, Ontario, Canada, [Accessed on 20 April, 2010]. http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/cd-mc/crd-mrc/index-eng.php.
5. Alter SJ, Vidwan NK, Sobande PO, Omoloja A, Bennett JS Common childhood bacterial infections. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 2011, 41:256-283.
6. Durrane Thaver, Anita KMZ Burden of neonatal infections in developing countries. A review of evidence from community-based studies. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009, 28:S3-S9.
7. Savage R, Whelan M, Johnson I, Rea E, LaFreniere M, Rosella LC, et al. Assessing secondary attack rates among household contacts at the beginning of the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in Ontario, Canada, April-June 2009: A prospective, observational study. BMC Public Health 2011, 11:234.
8. Papenburg J, Baz M, Hamelin Mè, Rhéaume C, Carbonneau J, Ouakki M, et al. Household transmission of the 2009 pandemic A/H1N1 influenza virus: Elevated laboratory-confirmed secondary attack rates and evidence of asymptomatic infections. Clin Infect Dis 2010, 51:1033-1041.
9. Akinloye OM, Rönkkö E, Savolainen-Kopra C, Ziegler T, Iwalokun BA, Deji-Agboola MA, et al. Specific viruses detected in Nigerian children in association with acute respiratory disease. J Trop Med 2011, 2011:690286.
10. Keith T, Saxena S, Murray J, Sharland M Risk-benefit analysis of restricting antimicrobial prescribing in children: What do we really know?. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2010, 23(3):242-248.
11. Kacou-N'douba A, Guessennd-Kouadio N, Kouassi-M'bengue A, Dosso M Evolution of S. pneumoniae antibiotic resistance in Abidjan: Update on nasopharygeal carriage from 1997-2001. Med Mal Infect 2004, 34:83-85.
12. Nweze EI Etiology of dermatophytoses among children in northeastern Nigeria. Med Mycol 2001, 39:181-184.
13. Akanbi MO, Ukoli CO, Erhabor GE, Akanbi FO, Gordon SB The burden of respiratory disease in Nigeria. Afr J Respir Med 2009, 4:10-17.
14. Okesola AO, Ige OM Trends in bacterial pathogens of lower respiratory tract infections. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2008, 50:269-272.
15. Fiberesima FPD, Onwuchekwa AC The prevalence of HIV and TB in acute CAP. Afr J Respir Med 2007, 3:23-26.
16. Falade AG, Lagunju IA, Bakare RA, Odekanmi AA, Adegbola RA Invasive pneumococcal disease in children aged <5 years admitted to 3 urban hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria. Clin Infect Dis 2009, 48:190-196.
17. Desalu OO, Oluwafemi JA, Ojo O Respiratory diseases morbidity and mortality among adults attending a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. J Bras Pneumol 2009, 35:745-752.
18. Salami AK, Desalu OO, Adeoye PO, Akanbi IAA, Oguntoyinbo AE, Fadeyi A Influence of performance status on the risk and outcome of nosocomial pneumonia in the elderly admitted to an open medical ward. West Afr J Med 2010, 29(5):332-338.
19. Cheesbrough M Pseudomonas and related organisms; biochemical test to identify bacteria; antimicrobial susceptibility testing. District laboratory practice in tropical countries 2000, 1933-1943. Cambridge University Press, New York.
20. Bauer AW, Kirby WN, Sheris JC, Tuck M Antibiotic susceptibility testing by standardized single disc method. Am J Clin Pathol 1966, 36:493-496.
21. Goto H, Shimada K, Ikemoto H, Oguri T Study Group on Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Pathogens Isolated from Respiratory Infections. Antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens isolated from more than 10 000 patients with infectious respiratory diseases: a 25-year longitudinal study. J Infect Chemother 2009, 15:347-360.
22. Dhakal R, Sujatha S, Parija SC, Bhat BV Asymptomatic colonization of upper respiratory tract by potential bacterial pathogens. Indian J Pediatr 2010, 77:775-778.
23. Lebon A, Moll HA, Tavakol M, van Wamel WJ, Jaddoe VW, Hofman A, et al. Correlation of bacterial colonization status between mother and child: The generation R study. J Clin Microbiol 2010, 48:960-962.
24. Al-Hadramy MS, Al-Tahawy AT, Shafi MS Acute lower respiratory tract infection in Jeddah. Saudi Med J 1988, 9:34-39.
25. Garibaldi RA Epidemiology of community-acquired respiratory tract infection in adults. Am J Med 1985, 78:32-37.
26. Singleton R, Hammitt L, Hennessy T, Bulkow L, DeByle C, Parkinson A, et al. The Alaska Haemophilus influenzae type b experience: Lessons in controlling a vaccine-preventable disease. Pediatrics 2006, 118:421-429.
27. Watt JP, Wolfson LJ, O'Brien LO, Henkle E, Deloria-Knoll M, McCall N, et al. Burden of disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b in children younger than 5 years: global estimates. Lancet 2009, 374:903-911.
28. Peltola H Worldwide Haemophilus influenzae type b disease at the beginning of the 21st century: Global analysis of the disease burden 25 years after the use of the polysaccharide vaccine and a decade after the advent of conjugates. Clin Microbiol Rev 2007, 13:302-317.
29. Centers for Disease Contral and Prevention Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases. The pink book: Course textbook 2011, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, (Retrieved 19th May, 2011). http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/hib.pdf.
30. Gessner BD, Adegbola RA The impact of vaccines on pneumonia: key lessons from Haemophilus influenzae b conjugate vaccines. Vaccine 2008, 26S:B3-B8.
31. Cowgill KD, Ndiritu M, Nyiro J, Slack MP, Chiphatsi S, Ismail A, et al. Effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine introduction into routine childhood immunization in Kenya. JAMA 2006, 296:671-678.
32. Hajjeh RA, Privor-Dumm L, Edmond K, O'Loughlin R, Shetty S, Griffiths UK, et al. Supporting new vaccine introduction decisions: Lessons learned from the Hib Initiative experience. Vaccine 2010, 28:7123-7129.
33. Koulla-Shiro S, Kuaban C, Auckenthaler R, Belec L, Ngu JL Adult response to initial treatment with ampicillin in community acquired pneumonia in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Cent Afri J Med 1993, 39:188-192.
34. Nweze EI, Okafor JI Prevalence of dermatophytic fungal infections in children. A recent study in Anambra State, Nigeria. Mycopathologia 2005, 160:239-243.
35. Nweze EI Dermatophytosis in Western Africa: A review. Pak J Biol Sci 2010, 13:649-656.
36. Hill PC, Akisanya A, Sankareh K, Cheung YB, Saaka M, Lahai G, et al. Nasopharygeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Gambian villagers. Clin Infect Dis 2006, 43:673-679.
37. Oyetunde OO, Olugbake OA, Famudehin KF Evaluation of use of antibiotic without prescription among young adults. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol 2010, 4:760-762.
38. Kristensen K, Morteensen I Antibiotic susceptibility of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b isolates in Denmark. Scand J Infect Dis 1991, 123:337-440.
39. Gazi H, Kurutepe S, Surucuogho S, Teker A, Ozbakaloglo B Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens in the oropharynx of healthy school children in Turkey. Indian J Med Res 2004, 120:489-494.
40. Bhattacharya SD, Niyogi SK, Bhattacharyya S, Fitzwater S, Chauhan N, Sudar A, et al. High rates of colonization with drug resistant Hemophilus influenzae Type B and Streptococcus pneumoniae in unvaccinated HIV infected children from West Bengal. Indian J Pediatr 2011, 78:423-429.