"Learning about your residents": How assisted living residence medication aides decide to administer pro re nata medications to persons with dementia

Gerontologist

Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 46-55

  Carder, Paula C ^a  

^a PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Assisted living; Decision making; Dementia; Medication administration

Indexed keywords

NON PRESCRIPTION DRUG; PRESCRIPTION DRUG;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ASSISTED LIVING FACILITY; CAREGIVER; CLINICAL TRIAL; DECISION MAKING; DEMENTIA; EDUCATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTERVIEW; KNOWLEDGE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTICENTER STUDY; PARAMEDICAL PERSONNEL; POLICY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; ALLIED HEALTH PERSONNEL; ASSISTED LIVING FACILITIES; CAREGIVERS; DECISION MAKING; DEMENTIA; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERVIEWS AS TOPIC; KNOWLEDGE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NONPRESCRIPTION DRUGS; OREGON; ORGANIZATIONAL POLICY; PRESCRIPTION DRUGS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84856458828     PISSN: 00169013     EISSN: 17585341     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnr099     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Baker, J. A., Lovell, K., & Harris, N. (2007). Mental health professionals' psychotropic pro re nata (p.r.n.) medication practices in acute inpatient mental health care: A qualitative study. General Hospital Psychiatry, 29, 163-168. doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2006.12.005.
2. Ball, M., Perkins, M., Whittington, F., Connell, B., Hollingsworth, C., King, S., et al. (2004). Managing decline in assisted living: The key to aging in place. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences & Social Science, 59B, S202-S212. doi:10.1093/geronb/59.4.S202. (Pubitemid 39014802)
3. Carder, P. C. (2008). Managing medication management in assisted living: A situational analysis. Journal of Ethnographic and Qualitative Research, 3, 1-12.
4. Carder, P. C., Zimmerman, S., & Schumacher, J. G. (2009). Understanding the intersection of individual needs and choices with organizational practices: The case of medication management in assisted living. The Gerontologist, 49, 463-473. doi:10.1093/geront/gnp063.
5. Cartwright, J. C., Miller, L., & Volpin, M. (2009). Hospice in assisted living: Promoting good quality care at end of life. The Gerontologist, 29, 508-516. doi:10.1093/geront/gnp038.
6. Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
7. Cox, R. W., Hill, M. L., & Pyakuryal, S. (2008). Tacit knowledge and discretionary judgment. Public Integrity, 10, 151-164. doi:0.2753/PIN1099- 9922100204.
8. Deketelaere, A., Kelchtermans, G., Struyf, E., & DeLeyn, P. (2006). Disentangling clinical learning experiences: An exploratory study on the dynamic tensions in internship. Medical Education, 40, 908-915. doi:10.1111/j.1365- 2929.2006.02551.x. (Pubitemid 44272766)
9. Eckert, J. K., Carder, P. C., Morgan, L. A., Frankowski, A. C., & Roth, E. G. (2009). Inside assisted living: The search for home. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
10. Ejaz, F. K., Noelker, L. S., Menne, H. L., & Bagaka, J. G. (2008). The impact of stress and support on direct care workers' job satisfaction. The Gerontologist, 48(Suppl.), 60-70. doi:10.1093/geront/48.Supplement-1.60.
11. Food and Drug Administration. (2009). Acetaminophen information. Retrieved from http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/InformationbyDrugClass/ ucm165107.htm
12. Geffen, J., Cameron, A., Sorensen, L., Stokes, J., Roberts, M. S., & Geffen, L. (2002). Pro re nata medication for psychoses: The knowledge and beliefs of doctors and nurses. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 36, 642-648. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.2002.01068.x. (Pubitemid 35174404)
13. Government Accountability Office. (1999). Assisted living: Quality of care and consumer protection issues in four states. (Report No. GAO-04-684). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
14. Harmer, V. (2010). Are nurses blurring their identity by extending or delegating roles? British Journal of Nursing, 19, 295-299.
15. Harry, B., Keith, M., Sturges, K. M., & Klingner, J. K. (2005). Mapping the process: An exemplar of process and challenge in grounded theory analysis. Educational Researcher, 34, 3-13. doi:10.3102/0013189X034002003. (Pubitemid 40447082)
16. Kemper, P., Heier, B., Barry, T., Brannon, D., Angelelli, J., Vasey, J., et al. (2008). What do direct care workers say would improve their jobs? Differences across settings. The Gerontologist, 48, 17-25. doi:10.1093/geront/ 48.Supplement-1.17.
17. Kontos, P. C., & Naglie, G. (2009). Tacit knowledge of caring and embodied selfhood. Sociology of Health & Illness, 31, 688-704. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9566.2009.01158.x.
18. Lieto, J. M., & Schmidt, K. S. (2005). Reduced ability to self-administer medication is associated with assisted living placement in a continuing care retirement community. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 6, 246-249. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2005.04.002.
19. MacLellan, K. (1997). A chart audit reviewing the prescription and administration trends of analgesia and the documentation of pain. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 26, 345-350. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.1997026345.x. (Pubitemid 127453271)
20. McDonald, S. (2005). Studying actions in context: A qualitative shadow method for organizational research. Qualitative Research, 5, 455-473. doi:10.1177/1468794105056923. (Pubitemid 41622723)
21. Mitty, E. (2009). Medication management in assisted living: A national survey of policies and practices. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 10, 107-114. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2008.08.006.
22. Mollica, R. L., Johnson-Lamarche, H., & O'Keeffe, J. (2005). State residential care and assisted living policy: 2004. Retrieved from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services website: http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/ reports/2005/04alcom.htm
23. Morgan, L. A., Eckert, J. K., Gruber-Baldini, A., & Zimmerman, S. (2004). Research and policy issues for small assisted living facilities. Journal of Aging and Social Policy, 16, 1-16. doi: 10.1300/J031v16n04-01. (Pubitemid 40042866)
24. Morse, J. M. (2008). Confusing categories and themes. Qualitative Health Research, 18, 727-728. doi:10.1177/1049732308314930. (Pubitemid 351715932)
25. Muhr, T. (2007). Atlas.ti (Version 6). Berlin, Germany: Scientific Software Development.
26. Nkonggho, N. O. (2006). The NLNAC mentoring program: Demystifying the accreditation process. Nursing Education Perspectives, 27, 70-71.
27. Nygaard, A., & Jarland, M. (2005). Are nursing home patients with dementia diagnosis at increased risk for inadequate pain treatment? International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20, 730-737. doi:10.1002/gps. 1350. (Pubitemid 41158717)
28. Oregon Administrative Rules 851-047-0000. (2011). Standards for community-based care registered nurse delegation. Retrieved from Oregon State Archives website: http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/pages/rules/oars-400/oar-411/ 411-054.html
29. Polanyi, M. (1966). The tacit dimension.. New York: Doubleday.
30. Rosenblatt, A., Samus, Q. M., Steele, C. D., Baker, A. S., Harper, M. G., Brandt, J., et al. (2004). The Maryland assisted living study: Prevalence, recognition, and treatment of dementia and other psychiatric disorders in the assisted living population of central Maryland. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52, 1618-1625. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52452.x. (Pubitemid 41709913)
31. Scott-Cawiezell, J., Pepper, G. A., Madsen, R. W., Petroski, G., Vogelsmeier, A., & Zellmer, D. (2007). Nursing home error and level of staff credentials. Clinical Nursing Research, 16, 72-78. doi:10.1177/ 1054773806295241.
32. Segal, E. O., Young, H. M., Mitchell, P. H., & Shannon, S. E. (2008). Nurse preparation and organizational support for supervision of unlicensed assistive personnel in nursing homes: A qualitative exploration. The Gerontologist, 48, 453-463. doi:10.1093/geront/48.4.453.
33. Sheets, V. (1996). Protection or professional self-preservation? The purpose of regulation. Retrieved from National Council of State Boards of Nursing website: https://www.ncsbn.org/667.htm
34. Smith, E. A. (2001). The role of tacit and explicit knowledge in the workplace. Journal of Knowledge Management, 5, 311-321. doi:10.1108/ 13673270110411733.
35. Sonntag, A., Matschinger, H., Angermeyer, M. C., & Riedel-Heller, S. G. (2006). Does the context matter? Utilization of sedative drugs in nursing homes-a multilevel analysis. Pharmacopsychiatry, 39, 142-149. doi:10.1055/s-2006-946704. (Pubitemid 44199182)
36. Standing, M. (2008). Clinical judgement and decision-making in nursing-nine modes of practice in a revised cognitive continuum. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62, 124-134. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04583.x.
37. Stokes, J. A., Purdie, D. M., & Roberts, M. S. (2004). Factors influencing PRN medication use in nursing homes. Pharmacy World & Science, 26, 148-154. doi:10.1023/B:PHAR.0000026803.89436.a8. (Pubitemid 39012582)
38. Woods, D. L., Guo, G., Kim, H., & Phillips, L. R. (2010). We've got trouble: Medications in assisted living. Gerontological Nursing, 36, 30-39. doi:10.3928/00989134-20100302-02.
39. Young, H., Gray, S. L., McCormick, W. C., Sikma, S. K., Reinhard, S., Johnson-Trippett, L., et al. (2008). Types, prevalence, and potential clinical significance of medication administration errors in assisted living. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 56, 1199-1205. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008. 01754.x
40. Zimmerman, S., Love, K., Cohen, L. W., Sloane, P. D., & CEAL-UNC Partnership. (2009). Medication administration in assisted living (Research Brief). Retrieved from Center for Excellence in Assisted Living website: http://www.theceal.org/reports.php
41. Zimmerman, S., Love, K., Sloane, P. D., Cohen, L., Reed, D., & Carder, P. (2011). Medication administration errors in assisted living: scope, characteristics, and the importance of staff training. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(6), 1060-1068. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03430.x.
42. Zimmerman, S., Sloane, P. D., Williams, C. S., Dobbs, D., Ellajosyula, R., Braaten, A., et al. (2007). Residential care/assisted living staff may detect undiagnosed dementia using the minimum data set cognition scale. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 55, 1349-1355. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007. 01289.x. (Pubitemid 47329229)