The age of Calluna stands moderates post-fire regeneration rate and trends in northern Calluna heathlands

Applied Vegetation Science

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 119-128

  Velle, Liv G ^a,c   Nilsen, Liv S ^a,b   Vandvik, Vigdis ^c  

^a NORWEGIAN INSTITUTE OF BIOECONOMY RESEARCH   (Norway)

^b Norwegian Nature Inspectorate   (Norway)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

Author keywords

Conservation management; Degenerated heath; Disturbance; Fire rotation; Prescribed burning; Principal response curves; Restoration

Indexed keywords

BRYOPHYTA; CALLUNA; CALLUNA VULGARIS;

EID: 84855985041     PISSN: 14022001     EISSN: 1654109X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-109X.2011.01144.x     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Aarrestad, P.A. & Vandvik, V. 1997. Leptodontium flexifolium (Dicks.) Hampe new to Norway from a burnt Calluna heath. Lindbergia22: 31-32.
2. Aarrestad, P.A. & Vandvik, V. 2000. Vegetation change in west-Norwegian coastal heathland: effects of the management methods fire and sheep grazing in rehabilitation of old heathland on Lurekalven in Hordaland. [NINA Research report no. 044]. The Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, NO.
3. Aune, B. 1993. Temperaturnormaler. Normalperiode 1996-1990. Norwegian Meteorological Institute [report no. 02/93], Oslo, NO.
4. Bates, D. 2007. lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4 classes. R package version 0.99875-9.
5. Bond, W.J. & Keeley, J.E. 2005. Fire as a global herbivore: the ecology and evolution of flammable ecosystems. Trends in Ecology and Evolution20: 387-394.
6. Britton, A.J., Carey P, D., Pakeman, R.J. & Marrs, R.H. 2000. A comparison of regeneration dynamics following gap creation at two geographically contrasting heathland sites. Journal of Applied Ecology37: 832-844.
7. Calvo, L., Tárrega, R. & Luis, E. 2002. Regeneration patterns in a Calluna vulgaris heathland in the Cantabrian mountains (NW Spain): effects of burning, cutting and ploughing. Acta Oecologica23: 81-90.
8. Calvo, L., Tárrega, R., Luis, E., Valbuena, L. & Marcos, E. 2005. Recovery after experimental cutting and burning in three shrub communities with different dominant species. Plant Ecology180: 175-185.
9. Clement, B. & Touffet, J. 1990. Plant strategies and secondary succession on Brittany heathlands after severe fire. Journal of Vegetation Science1: 195-202.
10. Davies, G.M., Legg, C.J., Smith, A.A. & MacDonald, A.J. 2009. Rate of spread of fires in Calluna vulgaris-dominated moorlands. Journal of Applied Ecology46: 1054-1063.
11. Davies, G.M., Smith, A.A., MacDonald, A.J., Bakker, J.D. & Legg, C.J. 2010. Fire intensity, fire severity and ecosystem response in heathlands: factors affecting the regeneration of Calluna vulgaris. Journal of Applied Ecology47: 356-365.
12. Forgeard, F. 1990. Development, growth and species richness on Brittany heathlands after fire. Oecologia11: 191-213.
13. Førland, E.J. 1993. Precipitation normals, normal period 1961-1990 [report no. 39/93], Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, NO.
14. Frisvoll, A.A., Elvebakk, A., Flatberg, K.I. & Økland, R.H. 1995. Checklist of Norwegian bryophytes. Latin and Norwegian nomenclature. [NINA Special report no. 4]. The Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, NO.
15. Gimingham, C.H. 1960. Biological flora of the British Isles: Calluna vulgaris. Journal of Ecology48: 455-483.
16. Gimingham, C.H. 1972. Ecology of heathlands. Chapman & Hall, London, UK.
17. Gimingham, C.H. 1992. The lowland heathland management handbook. English Nature Science Series 8, UK.
18. Gimingham, C.H., Hobbs, R.J. & Mallik, A.U. 1981. Community dynamics in relation to management of heathland vegetation in Scotland. Vegetatio46: 149-155.
19. Hill, M.O. & Gauch, H.G. 1980. Detrended correspondence analysis: an improved ordination technique. Vegetatio42: 47-58.
20. Hobbs, R.J. 1984. Length of burning rotation and community composition in high-level Calluna-Eriophorum bog in N England. Vegetatio54: 129-136.
21. Hobbs, R.J. & Gimingham, C.H. 1984. Studies on fire in Scottish heathland communities. II. Post-fire vegetation development. Journal of Ecology72: 585-610.
22. Hobbs, R.J. & Gimingham, C.H. 1987. Vegetation, fire and herbivore interactions in heathland. Advances in Ecological Research16: 87-173.
23. Hobbs, R.J. & Huenneke, L.F. 1992. Disturbance, diversity and invasion: implications for conservation. Conservation Biology6: 324-337.
24. Hobbs, R.J., Mallik, A.U. & Gimingham, C.H. 1984. Studies on fire in Scottish heathland communities. III. Vital attributes of the species. Journal of Ecology72: 963-976.
25. Jongman, R.H.G., ter Braak, C.J.F. & van Tongeren, O.F.R. 1995. Data analysis in community and landscape ecology. 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
26. Kaland, P.E. 1986. The origin and management of Norwegian coastal heaths as reflected by pollen analysis. In: Behre, K.E. (ed.) Anthropogenic indicators in pollen analysis. pp. 19-36. Balkema, Rotterdam, NL.
27. Kayll, A.J. & Gimingham, C.H. 1965. Vegetative regeneration of Calluna vulgaris after fire. Journal of Ecology53: 729-734.
28. Krog, H., Østhagen, H. & Tønsberg, T. 1994. Lav flora. Norske busk- og bladlav. Universitetsforlaget, Oslo, NO.
29. Legg, C.J., Maltby, E. & Proctor, M.C.F. 1992. The ecology of severe moorland fire on the New York Moors: seed distribution and seedling establishment of Calluna vulgaris. Journal of Ecology80: 737-752.
30. Lepš, J. & Šmilauer, P. 2003. Multivariate analysis of ecological data using CANOCO. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
31. Lid, J. & Lid, D.T. 2005. In: Elven, R. (ed.) Norsk flora. 7th edn. Det norske samlaget, Oslo, NO.
32. Mallik, A.U., Hobbs, R.J. & Legg, C.J. 1984. Seed dynamics in Calluna-Arctostaphylos heath in north-eastern Scotland. Journal of Ecology72: 855-871.
33. Måren, I.E. & Vandvik, V. 2009. Fire and regeneration: the role of seed banks in the dynamics of northern heathlands. Journal of Vegetation Science20: 871-888.
34. Miller, G.R. & Miles, J. 1970. Regeneration of heather (Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull) at different ages and seasons in North-East Scotland. Journal of Applied Ecology7: 51-60.
35. Moen, A. 1999. National atlas of Norway: vegetation. Norwegian Mapping Authority, Hønefoss, NO.
36. Mohamed, B.F. & Gimingham, C.H. 1970. The morphology of vegetative regeneration in Calluna vulgaris. New Phytologist69: 743-750.
37. Nilsen, L.S. 2004. Coastal heath vegetation in central Norway; recent past, present state and future possibilities. PhD Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NO.
38. Nilsen, L.S., Johansen, L. & Velle, L.G. 2005. Early stages of Calluna vulgaris regeneration after burning of coastal heath in central Norway. Applied Vegetation Science8: 57-64.
39. Oberndorfer, E.C. & Lundholm, J.T. 2009. Species richness, abundance, rarity and environmental gradients in costal barren vegetation. Biodiversity and Conservation18: 1523-1553.
40. Pinheiro, J., Bates, D., DebRoy, S. & Sarkar, D. & the R Core team. 2007. nlme: Linear and Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models. R package version 3.1-83.
41. Taylor, K. 1971. Biological flora of the British Isles: Rubus chamaemorus L. Journal of Ecology59: 293-306.
42. Taylor, K. & Marks, T.C. 1971. The influence of burning and grazing on the growth and development of Rubus chamaemorus L. in Calluna-Eriophorum bog. In: Duffey, E. & Watt, A.S. (eds.) The scientific management of animal and plant communities for conservation. pp. 153-166. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, UK.
43. ter Braak, C.J.F. 1994. Canonical community ordination. I. Basic theory and linear methods. Ecoscience1: 127-140.
44. Thompson, D.B.A. & MacDonald, A.J. 1995. Upland heather moorland in Great Britain: a review of international importance, vegetation change and some objectives for nature conservation. Biological Conservation71: 163-178.
45. Vandvik, V., Heegaard, E., Måren, I.E. & Aarrestad, P.A. 2005. Managing heterogeneity: the importance of grazing and environmental variation on post-fire succession in heathlands. Journal of Applied Ecology42: 139-149.
46. Webb, N.R. 1998. Traditional management of European heathlands. Journal of Applied Ecology35: 987-990.
47. Wolff, F.C. 1976. Bedrock map, Trondheim. Scale, 1:250 000. Geology Survey of Norway.
48. Yallop, A.R., Thacker, J.I., Thomas, G., Stephens, M., Clutterbuck, B., Brewer, T. & Sannier, A.D. 2006. The extent and intensity of management burning in the English uplands. Journal of Applied Ecology43: 1138-1148.