An outbreak of sea urchin disease associated with a recent hurricane: Support for the "killer storm hypothesis" on a local scale

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

Volumn 413, Issue , 2012, Pages 159-168

  Feehan, C ^a   Scheibling, R E ^a   Lauzon Guay, J S ^b  

^a DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b MAURICE LAMONTAGNE INSTITUTE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Disease; Hurricane; Kelp bed; Sea urchin; Temperature threshold

Indexed keywords

COASTAL ZONE; DISEASE INCIDENCE; DISEASE PREVALENCE; DISEASE SPREAD; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; ECHINODERM; ENVIRONMENTAL DISTURBANCE; HURRICANE; KELP FOREST; MASS MORTALITY; MORBIDITY; NUMERICAL MODEL; PARASITIC DISEASE; PROBABILITY; PROTOZOAN; SEAWATER; TEMPERATURE PROFILE; THRESHOLD; WATER TEMPERATURE; WIND VELOCITY;

CANADA; NOVA SCOTIA; SAINT MARGARETS BAY [NOVA SCOTIA];

ANIMALIA; ECHINOIDEA; PARAMOEBA INVADENS; STRONGYLOCENTROTUS; STRONGYLOCENTROTUS DROEBACHIENSIS;

EID: 84855782150     PISSN: 00220981     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2011.12.003     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Anderson R.M., May R.M. The invasion, persistence and spread of infectious diseases within animal and plant communities. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 1986, 314:533-570.
2. Balch T., Scheibling R.E. Temporal and spatial variability in settlement and recruitment of echinoderms in kelp beds and barrens in Nova Scotia. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 2000, 205:139-154.
3. Bender M.A., Knutson T.R., Tuleya R.E., Sirutis J.J., Vecchi G.A., Garner S.T., Held I.M. Modeled impact of anthropogenic warming on the frequency of intense Atlantic hurricanes. Science 2010, 327:454.
4. Brady S.M., Scheibling R.E. Repopulation of the shallow subtidal zone by green sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) following mass mortality in Nova Scotia, Canada. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 2005, 85:1511-1517.
5. Breen P.A., Mann K.H. Destructive grazing of kelp by green sea urchins in eastern Canada. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 1976, 33:1278-1283.
6. Caraguel C.G.B., et al. Microheterogeneity and coevolution: an examination of rDNA sequence characteristics in Neoparamoeba pemaquidensis and its prokinetoplastid endosymbiont. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 2007, 54:418-426.
7. Chapman A.S., Scheibling R.E., Chapman A.R.O. Species introductions and changes in the marine vegetation of Atlantic Canada. Alien Invaders in Canada's Waters, Wetlands and Forests 2002, 133-148. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Science Branch, Ottawa. R. Claudi, P. Nantel, E. Muckle-Jeffs (Eds.).
8. Del-Pozo J., Crumlish M., Ferguson H.W., Green D.M., Turnbull J.F. A prospective longitudinal study of "Candidatus arthromitus"-associated rainbow trout gastroenteritis in the UK. Prev. Vet. Med. 2010, 94:289-300.
9. Emanuel K. Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30years. Nature 2005, 436:686-688.
10. Gagnon P., Himmelman J.H., Johnson L.E. Temporal variation in community interfaces: kelp-boundary dynamics adjacent to persistent urchin barrens. Mar. Ecol. 2004, 144:1191-1203.
11. Harvell C.D., et al. Emerging marine diseases-climate links and anthropogenic factors. Science 1999, 285:1505-1510.
12. Harvell C.D., Mitchell C.E., Ward J.R., Altizer S., Dobson A.P., Ostfeld R.S., Samuel M.D. Climate warming and disease risks for terrestrial and marine biota. Science 2002, 296:2158-2162.
13. Hayhoe K., et al. Past and future changes in climate and hydrological indicators in the US Northeast. Clim. Dyn. 2007, 28:381-407.
14. Heath R.A. Variability of Water Properties and Circulation of St. Margaret's Bay, Nova Scotia 1973, Fish Res Bd Can, Dartmouth, NS.
15. Himmelman J.H., Steele D.H. Foods and predators of the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis in Newfoundland waters. Mar. Biol. 1971, 9:315-322.
16. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Climate change 2007: synthesis report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland 2007.
17. Jellett J.F., Scheibling R.E. Effect of temperature and prey availability on the growth of Paramoeba invadens in monoxenic culture. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1988, 54:1848-1854.
18. Jellett J.F., Scheibling R.E. Virulence of Paramoeba invadens Jones (Amoebida, Paramoebida) from monoxenic and polyxenic culture. J. Protozool. 1988, 35:422-424.
19. Jellett J.F., Novitsky J.A., Cantley J.A., Scheibling R.E. Non-occurrence of free-living Paramoeba invadens in water and sediments of Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 1989, 56:205-209.
20. Johnson C.R., Mann K.H. Rapid succession in subtidal understory seaweeds during recovery from overgrazing by sea urchins in eastern Canada. Bot. Mar. 1993, 36:63-77.
21. Jones G.M. Paramoeba invadens nov. sp. (Amoebida: Paramoebidae), a pathogenic amoeba from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis in Eastern Canada. J. Protozool. 1985, 32:564-569.
22. Jones G.M., Scheibling R.E. Paramoeba sp. (Amoebida, Paramoebidae) as the possible causative agent of sea urchin mass mortality in Nova Scotia. J. Parasitol. 1985, 71:559-565.
23. Lafferty K.D. Fishing for lobsters indirectly increases epidemics in sea urchins. Ecol. Appl. 2004, 14:1566-1573.
24. Lafferty K.D., Porter J.W., Ford S.E. Are diseases increasing in the ocean?. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2004, 35:31-54.
25. Lang C., Mann K.H. Changes in sea urchin populations after the destruction of kelp beds. Mar. Biol. 1976, 36:321-332.
26. Levitus S., Antonov J.I., Boyer T.P., Stephens C. Warming of the world ocean. Science 2000, 287:2225-2229.
27. Miller R.J. Succession in sea urchin and seaweed abundance in Nova Scotia, Canada. Mar. Biol. 1985, 84:275-286.
28. Miller R.J., Nolan S. Management of the Nova Scotia Sea Urchin Fishery: a nearly successful habitat based management regime. Canadian Stock Assessment Secretariat Research Document 2000/109 2000, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Ottawa, 41 pp.
29. Mullen T.E., et al. Paramoebiasis associated with mass mortality of American lobster Homarus americanus in Long Island Sound, USA. J. Aquat. Anim. Health 2004, 16:29-38.
30. Mullen T.E., Nevis K.R., O'Kelly C.J., Gast R.J., Frasca S. Nuclear small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene-based characterization, molecular phylogeny and PCR detection of Neoparamoeba from western Long Island Sound lobster. J. Shellfish Res. 2005, 24:719-731.
31. Newman M.W., Ward G.E. An epizootic of blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus, caused by Paramoeba pernisciosa. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 1973, 22:329-334.
32. Percy J.A. Thermal adaptation in the boreo-arctic echinoid Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (O.F. Muller, 1776). II. Seasonal acclimation and urchin activity. Physiol. Zool. 1973, 46:129-138.
33. Ross P.S. The role of immunotoxic environmental contaminants in facilitating the emergence of infectious disease in marine mammals. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. 2002, 8:277-292.
34. Scheibling R.E. Echinoids, epizootics and ecological stability in the rocky subtidal off Nova Scotia, Canada. Helgol. Wiss. Meeresunters 1984, 37:233-242.
35. Scheibling R.E. Increased macroalgal abundance following mass mortalities of sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) along the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia. Oecologia 1986, 68:186-198.
36. Scheibling R.E. Microbial control of sea urchins: Achilles' Heel or Pandora's Box?. Proc. 6th Intl Echinoderms Conf., Victoria, B.C., 22-28 Aug. 1987 1988, 745-754. Balkema, Rotterdam, A.A. R.D. Burke, P.V. Mladenov, P. Lambert, R.L. Parsley (Eds.).
37. Scheibling R.E., Hatcher B.G. Ecology of Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Edible Sea Urchins: Biology and Ecology 2007, 353-392. J.M. Lawrence (Ed.).
38. Scheibling R.E., Hennigar A.W. Recurrent outbreaks of disease in sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis in Nova Scotia: evidence for a link with large-scale meteorologic and oceanographic events. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 1997, 152:155-165.
39. Scheibling R.E., Lauzon-Guay J.-S. Killer storms: North Atlantic hurricanes and disease outbreaks in sea urchins. Limnol. Oceanogr. 2010, 55:2331-2338.
40. Scheibling R.E., Stephenson R.L. Mass mortality of Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) off Nova Scotia, Canada. Mar. Biol. 1984, 78:153-164.
41. Scheibling R.E., Hennigar A.W., Balch T. Destructive grazing, epiphytism, and disease: the dynamics of sea urchin-kelp interactions. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1999, 56:2300-2314.
42. Scheibling R.E., Feehan C., Lauzon-Guay J.-S. Disease outbreaks associated with recent hurricanes cause mass mortality of sea urchins in Nova Scotia. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 2010, 408:109-116.
43. Steneck R.S., Vavrinec J., Leland A.V. Accelerating trophic-level dysfunction in kelp forest ecosystems of the western North Atlantic. Ecosystems 2004, 7:323-332.
44. Zar J.H. Biostatistical Analysis 1999, Prentice-Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA. 4th ed.