Massive black hole binaries: Dynamical evolution and observational signatures

Advances in Astronomy

Volumn 2012, Issue , 2012, Pages

  Dotti, M ^a   Sesana, A ^b   Decarli, R ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MILANO BICOCCA   (Italy)

^b ALBERT EINSTEIN INSTITUT   (Germany)

^c MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR ASTRONOMIE   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84855572013     PISSN: 16877969     EISSN: 16877977     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2012/940568     Document Type: Review

References (120)

1. Ferrarese L., Ford H., Supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei: past, present and future research Space Science Reviews 2005 116 3-4 523 624 (Pubitemid 40626418)
2. Kauffmann G., Haehnelt M. G., A unified model for the evolution of galaxies and quasars Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2000 311 3 576 588
3. Springel V., Di Matteo T., Hernquist L., Modelling feedback from stars and black holes in galaxy mergers Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2005 361 3 776 794 (Pubitemid 41180130)
4. Begelman M. C., Blandford R. D., Rees M. J., Massive black hole binaries in active galactic nuclei Nature 1980 287 5780 307 309
5. Hobbs G., Gravitational waves and pulsar timing: stochastic background, individual sources and parameter estimation Classical and Quantum Gravity 2010 27 8, article 084016
6. Hennawi J. F., Strauss M. A., Oguri M., Inada N., Richards G. T., Pindor B., Schneider D. P., Becker R. H., Gregg M. D., Hall P. B., Johnston D. E., Fan X., Burles S., Schlegel D. J., Gunn J. E., Lupton R. H., Bahcall N. A., Brunner R. J., Brinkmann J., Binary quasars in the sloan digital sky survey: evidence for excess clustering on small scales Astronomical Journal 2006 131 1 1 23 (Pubitemid 43166213)
7. Myers A. D., Brunner R. J., Richards G. T., Nichol R. C., Schneider D. P., Bahcall N. A., Clustering analyses of 300,000 photometrically classified quasars. II. The excess on very small scales Astrophysical Journal 2007 658 1 I 99 106
8. Myers A. D., Richards G. T., Brunner R. J., Schneider D. P., Strand N. E., Hall P. B., Blomquist J. A., York D. G., Quasar clustering at 25 h-1 kpc from a complete sample of binaries Astrophysical Journal 2008 678 2 635 646
9. Foreman G., Volonteri M., Dotti M., Double quasars: probes of black hole scaling relationships and merger scenarios The Astrophysical Journal 2009 693 2, article 1554
10. Shen Y., Hennawi J. F., Shankar F., Myers A. D., Strauss M. A., Djorgovski S. G., Fan X., Giocoli C., Mahabal A., Schneider D. P., Weinberg D. H., Binary quasars at high redshift. II. Sub-Mpc clustering at z 3-4 Astrophysical Journal Letters 2010 719 2 1693 1698
11. Farina E. P., Falomo R., Treves A., A study of six low-redshift quasar pairs Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2011 415 4 3163 3167
12. Komossa S., Burwitz V., Hasinger G., Predehl P., Kaastra J. S., Ikebe Y., Discovery of a binary active galactic nucleus in the ultraluminous infrared galaxy NGC 6240 using Chandra Astrophysical Journal 2003 582 1 L15 L19 (Pubitemid 37394525)
13. Colpi M., Dotti M., Massive binary black holes in the cosmic landscape Advanced Science Letters 2011 4 2 181 204
14. Gltekin K., Richstone D. O., Gebhardt K., Lauer T. R., Tremaine S., Aller M. C., Bender R., Dressler A., Faber S. M., Filippenko A. V., Green R., Ho L. C., Kormendy J., Magorrian J., Pinkney J., Siopis C., The M- and M-L relations in galactic bulges, and determinations of their intrinsic scatter Astrophysical Journal 2009 698 1 198 221
15. Graham A. W., Onken C. A., Athanassoula E., Combes F., An expanded M bh- diagram, and a new calibration of active galactic nuclei masses Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2011 412 4 2211 2228
16. Governato F., Colpi M., Maraschi L., The fate of central black holes in merging galaxies Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 1994 271 317
17. Callegari S., Mayer L., Kazantzidis S., Colpi M., Governato F., Quinn T., Wadsley J., Pairing of supermassive black holes in unequal-mass galaxy mergers Astrophysical Journal 2009 696 1 L89 L92
18. Barnes J. E., Hernquist L., Transformations of galaxies. II. Gasdynamics in merging disk galaxies Astrophysical Journal 1996 471 1 115 142
19. Barnes J. E., Formation of gas discs in merging galaxies Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2002 333 3 481 494
20. Hring N., Rix H.-W., On the black hole mass-bulge mass relation Astrophysical Journal Letters 2004 604 2 II L89 L92 (Pubitemid 38729003)
21. Marconi A., Hunt L. K., The relation between black hole mass, bulge mass, and near-Infrared luminosity Astrophysical Journal 2003 589 1 L21 L24 (Pubitemid 37394789)
22. Callegari S., Kazantzidis S., Mayer L., Colpi M., Bellovary J. M., Quinn T., Wadsley J., Growing massive black hole pairs in minor mergers of disk galaxies Astrophysical Journal Letters 2011 729 2, article 85
23. Peters P. C., Gravitational radiation and the motion of two point masses Physical Review B 1964 136 4 B1224 B1232
24. Mikkola S., Valtonen M. J., Evolution of binaries in the field of light particles and the problem of two black holes Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 1992 259 1 115 120
25. Quinlan G. D., The dynamical evolution of massive black hole binaries: I. Hardening in a fixed stellar background New Astronomy 1996 1 1 35 56 (Pubitemid 126394953)
26. Sesana A., Haardt F., Madau P., Interaction of massive black hole binaries with their stellar environment. I. Ejection of hypervelocity stars Astrophysical Journal 2006 651 1 I 392 400 (Pubitemid 44967129)
27. Makino J., Funato Y., Evolution of massive black hole binaries Astrophysical Journal 2004 602 1 I 93 102 (Pubitemid 38430191)
28. Merritt D., Milosavljevic M., Massive black hole binary evolution Living Reviews in Relativity 2005 8 8 1 65 (Pubitemid 41709478)
29. Sesana A., Haardt F., Madau P., Interaction of massive black hole binaries with their stellar environment. II. Loss cone depletion and binary orbital decay Astrophysical Journal 2007 660 1 I 546 555
30. Milosavljevic M., Merritt D., Formation of galactic nuclei Astrophysical Journal 2001 563 1 34 62 (Pubitemid 33576915)
31. Binney J., Tremaine S., Galactic Dynamics 1988 Princeton, NJ, USA Princeton University Press
32. Merritt D., Mikkola S., Szell A., Long-term evolution of massive black hole binaries. III. binary evolution in collisional nuclei Astrophysical Journal 2007 671 1 53 72
33. Poon M. Y., Merritt D., A self-consistent study of triaxial black hole nuclei Astrophysical Journal 2004 606 2 I 774 787 (Pubitemid 38614722)
34. Merritt D., Poon M. Y., Chaotic loss cones and black hole fueling Astrophysical Journal 2004 606 2 I 788 798 (Pubitemid 38614723)
35. Merritt D., Vasiliev E., Orbits around black holes in triaxial nuclei Astrophysical Journal Letters 2011 726 2, article 61
36. Berczik P., Merritt D., Spurzem R., Bischof H. P., Efficient merger of binary supermassive black holes in nonaxisymmetric galaxies Astrophysical Journal 2006 642 1 L21 L24
37. Khan F. M., Just A., Merritt D., Efficient merger of binary supermassive black holes in merging galaxies Astrophysical Journal Letters 2011 732 2, article 89
38. Preto M., Berentzen I., Berczik P., Spurzem R., Fast coalescence of massive black hole binaries from mergers of galactic nuclei: implications for low-frequency gravitational-wave astrophysics Astrophysical Journal Letters 2011 732 2, article L26
39. Gualandris A., Merritt D., Long-term evolution of massive black hole binaries. IV. Mergers of galaxies with collisionally relaxed nuclei. The Astrophysical Journal. In press
40. Sesana A., Self consistent model for the evolution of eccentric massive black hole binaries in stellar environments: implications for gravitational wave observations Astrophysical Journal 2010 719 1 851 864
41. Dehnen W., A family of patential-density pairs for spherical galaxies and bulges Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 1993 265 1 250
42. Hemsendorf M., Sigurdsson S., Spurzem R., Collisional dynamics around binary black holes in galactic centers Astrophysical Journal 2002 581 2 I 1256 1270 (Pubitemid 37104226)
43. Aarseth S. J., Black hole binary dynamics Astrophysics and Space Science 2003 285 2 367 372
44. Amaro-Seoane P., Miller M. C., Freitag M., Gravitational waves from eccentric intermediate-mass black hole binaries Astrophysical Journal 2009 692 1 L50 L53
45. Amaro-Seoane P., Eichhorn C., Porter E. K., Spurzem R., Binaries of massive black holes in rotating clusters: dynamics, gravitational waves, detection and the role of eccentricity Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2010 401 4 2268 2284
46. Baumgardt H., Gualandris A., Portegies Zwart S., Ejection of hypervelocity stars from the Galactic Centre by intermediate-mass black holes Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2006 372 1 174 182 (Pubitemid 44476985)
47. Matsubayashi T., Makino J., Ebisuzaki T., Orbital evolution of an IMBH in the galactic nucleus with a massive central black hole Astrophysical Journal 2007 656 2 I 879 896
48. Bahcall J. N., Wolf R. A., Star distribution around a massive black hole in a globular cluster Astrophysical Journal 1976 209 214 232
49. Sesana A., Haardt F., Madau P., Interaction of massive black hole binaries with their stellar environment. III. Scattering of bound stars Astrophysical Journal 2008 686 1 432 447
50. Iwasawa M., An S., Matsubayashi T., Funato Y., Makino J., Ices in the quiescent ic 5146 dense cloud The Astrophysical Journal 2011 731 1, article 9
51. Sesana A., Gualandris A., Dotti M., Massive black hole binary eccentricity in rotating stellar systems Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 2011 415 1 L35 L39
52. Dotti M., Colpi M., Haardt F., Mayer L., Supermassive black hole binaries in gaseous and stellar circumnuclear discs: orbital dynamics and gas accretion Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2007 379 3 956 962
53. Berentzen I., Preto M., Berczik P., Merritt D., Spurzem R., Binary black hole merger in galactic nuclei: post-newtonian simulations The Astrophysical Journal 2009 695 1 455 468
54. Mayer L., Kazantzidis S., Madau P., Colpi M., Quinn T., Wadsley J., Rapid formation of supermassive black hole binaries in galaxy mergers with gas Science 2007 316 5833 1874 1877 (Pubitemid 47025781)
55. Escala A., Larson R. B., Coppi P. S., Mardones D., The role of gas in the merging of massive black holes in galactic nuclei. II. Black hole merging in a nuclear gas disk Astrophysical Journal 2005 630 1 I 152 166 (Pubitemid 41452898)
56. Dotti M., Ruszkowski M., Paredi L., Colpi M., Volonteri M., Haardt F., Dual black holes in merger remnantsI. Linking accretion to dynamics Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2009 396 3 1640 1646
57. Lin D. N. C., Papaloizou J., Tidal torques on accretion discs in binary systems with extreme mass ratios Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 1979 186 L799
58. Lin D. N. C., Papaloizou J., On the structure of circumbinary accretion disks and the tidal evolution of commensurable satellites Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 1979 188 L191
59. Artymowicz P., Lubow S. H., Dynamics of binary-disk interaction. I. Resonances and disk gap sizes Astrophysical Journal 1994 421 2 651 667 (Pubitemid 24972883)
60. Syer D., Clarke J. C., Satellites in discs: regulating the accretion luminosity Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 1995 277 3 758 766
61. Gould A., Rix H. W., Binary black hole mergers from planet-like migrations Astrophysical Journal 2000 532 1 L29 L32
62. Roedig C., Dotti M., Sesana A., Cuadra J., Colpi M., Limiting eccentricity of subparsec massive black hole binaries surrounded by self-gravitating gas discs Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2011 415 4 3033 3041
63. Papaloizou J., Pringle J. E., Tidal torques on accretion discs in close binary systems Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 1977 181 441
64. Goldreich P., Tremaine S., Disk-satellite interactions Astrophysical Journal 1980 241 425 441
65. Ivanov P. B., Papaloizou J. C. B., Polnarev A. G., The evolution of a supermassive binary caused by an accretion disc Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 1999 307 1 79 90
66. Armitage P. J., Natarajan P., Accretion during the merger of supermassive black holes Astrophysical Journal 2002 567 1 L9 L12 (Pubitemid 37117708)
67. Goldreich P., Sari R., Eccentricity evolution for planets in gaseous disks Astrophysical Journal 2003 585 2 I 1024 1037 (Pubitemid 37076868)
68. Armitage P. J., Natarajan P., Eccentricity of supermassive black hole binaries coalescing from gas-rich mergers Astrophysical Journal 2005 634 2 I 921 927 (Pubitemid 41831133)
69. Haiman Z., Kocsis B., Menou K., The population of viscosity- and gravitational wave-driven supermassive black hole binaries among luminous active galactic nuclei Astrophysical Journal 2009 700 2 1952 1969
70. Cuadra J., Armitage P. J., Alexander R. D., Begelman M. C., Massive black hole binary mergers within subparsec scale gas discs Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2009 393 4 1423 1432
71. Shakura N. I., Sunyaev R. A., Black holes in binary systems. Observational appearance Astronomy and Astrophysics 1973 24 337 355
72. Lodato G., Nayakshin S., King A. R., Pringle J. E., Black hole mergers: can gas discs solve the "final parsec" problem? Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2009 398 3 1392 1402
73. Escala A., On the fueling of massive black holes and the properties of their host spheroids Astrophysical Journal 2006 648 1 L13 L16 (Pubitemid 44414172)
74. Hopkins P. F., Quataert E., How do massive black holes get their gas? Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2010 407 3 1529 1564
75. Nixon C. J., Cossins P. J., King A. R., Pringle J. E., Retrograde accretion and merging supermassive black holes Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2011 412 3 1591 1598
76. Hudson D. S., Reiprich T. H., Clarke T. E., Sarazin C. L., X-ray detection of the proto supermassive binary black hole at the centre of Abell 400 Astronomy and Astrophysics 2006 453 2 433 446 (Pubitemid 44013075)
77. Barth A. J., Bentz M. C., Greene J. E., Ho L. C., An offset seyfert 2 nucleus in the minor merger system ngc 3341 Astrophysical Journal 2008 683 2 L119 L122
78. Bianchi S., Chiaberge M., Piconcelli E., Guainazzi M., Matt G., Chandra unveils a binary active galactic nucleus in Mrk 463 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2008 386 1 105 110
79. Comerford J. M., Griffith R. L., Gerke B. F., Cooper M. C., Newman J. A., Davis M., Stern D., 1.75 h -1 kpc separation dual active galactic nuclei at z = 0.36 in the cosmos field The Astrophysical Journal Letters 2009 702 1 L82 L86
80. Green P. J., Myers A. D., Barkhouse W. A., Mulchaey J. S., Bennert V. N., Cox T. J., Aldcroft T. L., SDSS J1254+0846: a binary quasar caught in the act of merging Astrophysical Journal 2010 710 2 1578 1588
81. Wang J.-M., Chen Y.-M., Hu C., Mao W.-M., Zhang S., Bian W.-H., Active galactic nuclei with double-peaked narrow lines: are they dual active galactic nuclei? Astrophysical Journal Letters 2009 705 1 L76 L80
82. Liu X., Greene J. E., Shen Y., Strauss M. A., Discovery of four kpc-scale binary active galactic nuclei Astrophysical Journal Letters 2010 715 1 L30 L34
83. York D. G., The sloan digital sky survey: technical summary The Astronomical Journal 2000 120 1579 1587
84. Fu H., Yan L., Myers A. D., The nature of double-peaked [O III] active galactic nuclei. Submitted to The Astrophysical Journal
85. Maness H. L., Taylor G. B., Zavala R. T., Peck A. B., Pollack L. K., Breaking all the rules: the compact symmetric object 0402+379 Astrophysical Journal 2004 602 1 I 123 134 (Pubitemid 38430195)
86. Rodriguez C., Taylor G. B., Zavala R. T., Pihlstrm Y. M., Peck A. B., H i observations of the supermassive binary black hole system in 0402+379 Astrophysical Journal 2009 697 1 37 44
87. Burke-Spolaor S., A radio Census of binary supermassive black holes Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2011 410 4 2113 2122
88. Valtonen M. J., Lehto H. J., Nilsson K., Heidt J., Takalo L. O., Sillanp A., Villforth C., Kidger M., Poyner G., Pursimo T., Zola S., Wu J. H., Zhou X., Sadakane K., Drozdz M., Koziel D., Marchev D., Ogloza W., Porowski C., Siwak M., Stachowski G., Winiarski M., Hentunen V. P., Nissinen M., Liakos A., Dogru S., A massive binary black-hole system in OJ 287 and a test of general relativity Nature 2008 452 7189 851 853 (Pubitemid 351550871)
89. Villforth C., Nilsson K., Heidt J., Takalo L. O., Pursimo T., Berdyugin A., Lindfors E., Pasanen M., Winiarski M., Drozdz M., Ogloza W., Kurpinska-Winiarska M., Siwak M., Koziel-Wierzbowska D., Porowski C., Kuzmicz A., Krzesinski J., Kundera T., Wu J. H., Zhou X., Efimov Y., Sadakane K., Kamada M., Ohlert J., Hentunen V. P., Nissinen M., Dietrich M., Assef R. J., Atlee D. W., Bird J., DePoy D. L., Eastman J., Peeples M. S., Prieto J., Watson L., Yee J. C., Liakos A., Niarchos P., Gazeas K., Dogru S., Donmez A., Marchev D., Coggins-Hill S. A., Mattingly A., Keel W. C., Haque S., Aungwerojwit A., Bergvall N., Variability and stability in blazar jets on time-scales of years: optical polarization monitoring of OJ 287 in 2005-2009 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2010 402 3 2087 2111
90. Komossa S., Zhou H., Lu H., A recoiling supermassive black hole in the quasar SDSS J092712.65+294344.0? Astrophysical Journal 2008 678 2 L81 L84
91. Bogdanovi T., Eracleous M., Sigurdsson S., SDSS J092712.65+294344.0: recoiling black hole or a subparsec binary candidate? Astrophysical Journal 2009 697 1 288 292
92. Dotti M., Montuori C., Decarli R., Volonteri M., Colpi M., Haardt F., SDSSJ092712.65+294344.0: a candidate massive black hole binary Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 2009 398 1 L73 L77
93. Boroson T. A., Lauer T. R., A candidate sub-parsec supermassive binary black hole system Nature 2009 458 7234 53 55
94. Shields G. A., Bonning E. W., Salviander S., Comment on the black hole recoil candidate quasar SDSS j092712.65+294344.0 The Astrophysical Journal 2009 696 1367 1373
95. Decarli R., Dotti M., Montuori C., Liimets T., Ederoclite A., The peculiar optical spectrum of 4c+22.25: imprint of a massive black hole binary? The Astrophysical Journal Letters 2010 720 1 L93 L96
96. Barrows R. S., Lacy C. H. S., Kennefick D., Kennefick J., Seigar M. S., Unusual double-peaked emission in the SDSS quasar J093201.60 + 031858.7 New Astronomy 2011 16 2 122 127
97. Tsalmantza P., Decarli R., Dotti M., Hogg D. W., A systematic search for massive black hole binaries in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey spectroscopic sample Astrophysical Journal 2011 738 1, article 20
98. Tsalmantza P., Hogg D. W.,. Submitted, 2011
99. Eracleous M., Boroson T. A., Halpern J. P., A large systematic search for recoiling and close supermassive binary black holes. Astrophysical Journal Supplement. In press
100. Schneider D. P., Richards G. T., Hall P. B., Strauss M. A., Anderson S. F., Boroson T. A., Ross N. P., Shen Y., Brandt W. N., Fan X., Inada N., Jester S., Knapp G. R., Krawczyk C. M., Thakar A. R., Berk D. E. V., Voges W., Yanny B., York D. G., Bahcall N. A., Bizyaev D., Blanton M. R., Brewington H., Brinkmann J., Eisenstein D., Frieman J. A., Fukugita M., Gray J., Gunn J. E., Hibon P., Ivezi E., Kent S. M., Kron R. G., Lee M. G., Lupton R. H., Malanushenko E., Malanushenko V., Oravetz D., Pan K., Pier J. R., Price T. N., Saxe D. H., Schlegel D. J., Simmons A., Snedden S. A., Subbarao M. U., Szalay A. S., Weinberg D. H., The sloan digital sky survey quasar catalog. V. Seventh data release Astronomical Journal 2010 139 6 2360 2373
101. Bonning E. W., Shields G. A., Savliander S., Recoiling black holes in quasars The Astrophysical Journal Letters 2007 666 1 L13 L16
102. Bogdanovi T., Reynolds C. S., Miller M. C., Alignment of the spins of supermassive black holes prior to coalescence The Astrophysical Journal Letters 2007 661 2 L147 L150
103. Dotti M., Volonteri M., Perego A., Colpi M., Ruszkowski M., Haardt F., Dual black holes in merger remnantsII. Spin evolution and gravitational recoil Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2010 402 1 682 690
104. Volonteri M., Gltekin K., Dotti M., Gravitational recoil: effects on massive black hole occupation fraction over cosmic time Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2010 404 4 2143 2150
105. Kesden M., Sperhake U., Berti E., Relativistic suppression of black hole recoils Astrophysical Journal 2010 715 2 1006 1011
106. Eracleous M., Halpern J. P., Double-peaked emission lines in active galactic nuclei Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series 1994 90 1 1 30 (Pubitemid 24987908)
107. Heckman T. M., Krolik J. H., Moran S. M., SDSSJ092712.65+294344.0: NGC 1275 AT z = 0.7? The Astrophysical Journal 2009 695 1, article 363
108. Montuori C., Dotti M., Colpi M., Decarli R., Haardt F., Search for sub-parsec massive binary black holes through line diagnosis Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2011 412 1 26 32
109. Shen Y., Loeb A., Identifying supermassive black hole binaries with broad emission line diagnosis Astrophysical Journal Letters 2010 725 1 249 260
110. Artymowicz P., Lubow S. H., Mass flow through gaps in circumbinary disks Astrophysical Journal 1996 467 2 L77 L80
111. Hayasaki K., Mineshige S., Ho L. C., A supermassive binary black hole with triple disks Astrophysical Journal 2008 682 2 1134 1140
112. Sesana A., Roedig C., Reynolds M. T., Dotti M., Multimessenger astronomy with pulsar timing and X-ray observations of massive black hole binaries Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 2011
113. Tanaka T., Menou K., Haiman Z.,. Submitted to MNRAS (arXiv:11072937), 2011
114. Macfadyen A. I., Milosavljevic M., An eccentric circumbinary accretion disk and the detection of binary massive black holes Astrophysical Journal 2008 672 1 83 93
115. Dotti M., Colpi M., Haardt F., Laser Interferometer Space Antenna double black holes: dynamics in gaseous nuclear discs Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2006 367 1 103 112 (Pubitemid 43384580)
116. Schnittman J. D., Electromagnetic counterparts to black hole mergers Classical and Quantum Gravity 2011 28 9, article 094021
117. Farris B. D., Liu Y. T., Shapiro S. L., Binary black hole mergers in gaseous disks: simulations in general relativity Physical Review D 2011 84 2, article 024024
118. Bode T., Haas R., Bogdanovi T., Laguna P., Shoemaker D., Relativistic mergers of supermassive black holes and their electromagnetic signatures Astrophysical Journal 2010 715 2 1117 1131
119. Palenzuela C., Lehner L., Liebling S. L., Dual jets from binary black holes Science 2010 329 5994 927 930
120. Moesta P., Alic D., Rezzolla L., Zanotti O., Palenzuela C., On the detectability of dual jets from binary black holes. General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology. In press