메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 215-222

Autonomic dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Author keywords

Betasympathomimetics; Cardiac autonomic dysfunction; COPD; Hypercapnia; Hypoxemia; Increased intrathoracic pressure swings; Increased respiratory effort; Systemic inflammation

Indexed keywords


EID: 84855543091     PISSN: 20721439     EISSN: 20776624     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2010.02.04.5     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (120)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 0023713704 scopus 로고
    • Components of heart rate variability measured during healing of acute myocardial infarction
    • Bigger JT Jr, Kleiger RE, Fleiss JL. Components of heart rate variability measured during healing of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1988;61:208-15.
    • (1988) Am J Cardiol , vol.61 , pp. 208-215
    • Bigger Jr, J.T.1    Kleiger, R.E.2    Fleiss, J.L.3
  • 2
    • 0024337491 scopus 로고
    • Time-series analysis of heart rate variability during submaximal exercise: evidence for reduced cardiac vagal tone in animals susceptible to ventricular fibrillation
    • Billman GE, Hoskins RS. Time-series analysis of heart rate variability during submaximal exercise: evidence for reduced cardiac vagal tone in animals susceptible to ventricular fibrillation. Circulation 1989;80:146-57.
    • (1989) Circulation , vol.80 , pp. 146-157
    • Billman, G.E.1    Hoskins, R.S.2
  • 3
    • 0019935326 scopus 로고
    • Baro-receptor reflex control of heart rate: a predictor of sudden cardiac death
    • Bilmann GE, Schwartz PJ, Stone HL. Baro-receptor reflex control of heart rate: a predictor of sudden cardiac death. Circulation 1982;66:874-80.
    • (1982) Circulation , vol.66 , pp. 874-880
    • Bilmann, G.E.1    Schwartz, P.J.2    Stone, H.L.3
  • 4
    • 0031952151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart rate variability reflects severity of COPD in PiZ α1-antitrypsin deficiency
    • Stein PK, Nelson P, Rottman JN, Howard D, Ward SM, Kleiger RE, et al. Heart rate variability reflects severity of COPD in PiZ α1-antitrypsin deficiency. Chest 1998;113:327-33.
    • (1998) Chest , vol.113 , pp. 327-333
    • Stein, P.K.1    Nelson, P.2    Rottman, J.N.3    Howard, D.4    Ward, S.M.5    Kleiger, R.E.6
  • 5
    • 0026316673 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular autonomic nerve function in patients with hypoxaemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Stewart AG, Waterhouse JC, Howard P. Cardiovascular autonomic nerve function in patients with hypoxaemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 1991;4:1207-14.
    • (1991) Eur Respir J , vol.4 , pp. 1207-1214
    • Stewart, A.G.1    Waterhouse, J.C.2    Howard, P.3
  • 6
    • 0028020122 scopus 로고
    • Decreased heart rate variability in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Volterrani M, Scalvini S, Mazzuero G. Decreased heart rate variability in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest 1994;106:1432-7.
    • (1994) Chest , vol.106 , pp. 1432-1437
    • Volterrani, M.1    Scalvini, S.2    Mazzuero, G.3
  • 7
    • 0022640025 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac output during exercise in patients with COPD
    • Steward RI, Lewis M. Cardiac output during exercise in patients with COPD. Chest 1986;89:199-205.
    • (1986) Chest , vol.89 , pp. 199-205
    • Steward, R.I.1    Lewis, M.2
  • 8
    • 0020058221 scopus 로고
    • Reduced baroreceptor sensitivity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Patakas D, Louridas G, Kakavelas E. Reduced baroreceptor sensitivity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 1982;37:292-5.
    • (1982) Thorax , vol.37 , pp. 292-295
    • Patakas, D.1    Louridas, G.2    Kakavelas, E.3
  • 9
    • 0035880999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marked sympathetic activation in patients with chronic respiratory failure
    • Heindl S, Lehnert M, Criée CP. Marked sympathetic activation in patients with chronic respiratory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;164:597-601.
    • (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.164 , pp. 597-601
    • Heindl, S.1    Lehnert, M.2    Criée, C.P.3
  • 11
    • 20444366201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-exercise heart rate recovery and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Poirier P, Lacasse Y, Marquis K, Jobin J, LeBlanc P. Post-exercise heart rate recovery and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respiratory Medicine 2005;99:877-86.
    • (2005) Respiratory Medicine , vol.99 , pp. 877-886
    • Poirier, P.1    Lacasse, Y.2    Marquis, K.3    Jobin, J.4    LeBlanc, P.5
  • 12
    • 0036089841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of expiratory muscle work on muscle sympathetic nerve activity
    • Derchak PA, Sheel AW, Morgan BJ, Dempsey JA. Effects of expiratory muscle work on muscle sympathetic nerve activity. J Appl Physiol 2002;92:1539-52.
    • (2002) J Appl Physiol , vol.92 , pp. 1539-1552
    • Derchak, P.A.1    Sheel, A.W.2    Morgan, B.J.3    Dempsey, J.A.4
  • 13
    • 0028032555 scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic and blood pressure responses to voluntary apnea are augmented by hypoxemia
    • Hardy JC, Gray K, Whisler S, Leuenberger U. Sympathetic and blood pressure responses to voluntary apnea are augmented by hypoxemia. J Appl Physiol 1994;77:2360-5.
    • (1994) J Appl Physiol , vol.77 , pp. 2360-2365
    • Hardy, J.C.1    Gray, K.2    Whisler, S.3    Leuenberger, U.4
  • 15
    • 0022449548 scopus 로고
    • Responses in muscle sympathetic activity to acute hypoxia in humans
    • Saito M, Mano T, Abe H. Responses in muscle sympathetic activity to acute hypoxia in humans. J Appl Physiol 1986;55:493-8.
    • (1986) J Appl Physiol , vol.55 , pp. 493-498
    • Saito, M.1    Mano, T.2    Abe, H.3
  • 16
    • 0033801434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxygen supplementation and cardiac-autonomic modulation in COPD
    • Bartels M, Gonzalez J, Kim W, De Meersman R. Oxygen supplementation and cardiac-autonomic modulation in COPD. Chest 2000;118:691-6.
    • (2000) Chest , vol.118 , pp. 691-696
    • Bartels, M.1    Gonzalez, J.2    Kim, W.3    De Meersman, R.4
  • 17
    • 0033064674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oxygen on autonomic nervous system dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Scalvini S, Porta R, Zanelli E. Effects of oxygen on autonomic nervous system dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Eur Respir J 1999;13:119-24.
    • (1999) Eur Respir J , vol.13 , pp. 119-124
    • Scalvini, S.1    Porta, R.2    Zanelli, E.3
  • 18
    • 0037080902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Slow breathing increases arterial baroreflex sensitivity in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Bernardi L, Porta C, Spicuzza L. Slow breathing increases arterial baroreflex sensitivity in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 2002;105:143-5.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 143-145
    • Bernardi, L.1    Porta, C.2    Spicuzza, L.3
  • 19
    • 0026058707 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflex control of sympathetic nerve activity in normal humans
    • Somers VK, Mark AL, Abboud FM. Interaction of baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflex control of sympathetic nerve activity in normal humans. J Clin Invest 1991;87:1953-7.
    • (1991) J Clin Invest , vol.87 , pp. 1953-1957
    • Somers, V.K.1    Mark, A.L.2    Abboud, F.M.3
  • 20
    • 27644472140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of chemoreceptor and baroreceptor reflexes by hypoxia and hypercapnia - a mechanism for promoting hypertension in obstructive sleep apnoea
    • Cooper VL, Pearson SB, Bowker CM, Elliott MW, Hainsworth R. Interaction of chemoreceptor and baroreceptor reflexes by hypoxia and hypercapnia - a mechanism for promoting hypertension in obstructive sleep apnoea. J Physiol 2005;568:677-87.
    • (2005) J Physiol , vol.568 , pp. 677-687
    • Cooper, V.L.1    Pearson, S.B.2    Bowker, C.M.3    Elliott, M.W.4    Hainsworth, R.5
  • 22
    • 0023789771 scopus 로고
    • Potentiation of sympathetic nerve responses to hypoxia in borderline hypertensive subjects
    • Somers VK, Mark AL, Abboud FM. Potentiation of sympathetic nerve responses to hypoxia in borderline hypertensive subjects. Hypertension 1988;11;608-12.
    • (1988) Hypertension , vol.11 , pp. 608-612
    • Somers, V.K.1    Mark, A.L.2    Abboud, F.M.3
  • 23
    • 0024816663 scopus 로고
    • Influence of ventilation and hypocapnia on sympathetic nerve responses to hypoxia in normal humans
    • Somers VK, Mark AL, Zavala DC. Influence of ventilation and hypocapnia on sympathetic nerve responses to hypoxia in normal humans. J Appl Physiol 1989;67:2095-100.
    • (1989) J Appl Physiol , vol.67 , pp. 2095-2100
    • Somers, V.K.1    Mark, A.L.2    Zavala, D.C.3
  • 24
    • 0024217815 scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic activation by hypoxia and hypercapnia: implications for sleep apnea
    • Somers VK, Mark AL, Abboud FM. Sympathetic activation by hypoxia and hypercapnia: implications for sleep apnea. Clin Exp Hypertens 1988;10:413-22.
    • (1988) Clin Exp Hypertens , vol.10 , pp. 413-422
    • Somers, V.K.1    Mark, A.L.2    Abboud, F.M.3
  • 25
    • 38449088018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Effects of a Respiratory Acidosis on Human Heart Rate Variability
    • Brown SJ, Howden R. The Effects of a Respiratory Acidosis on Human Heart Rate Variability. Adv Exp Med Biol 2008;605:361-65.
    • (2008) Adv Exp Med Biol , vol.605 , pp. 361-365
    • Brown, S.J.1    Howden, R.2
  • 28
    • 78651026100 scopus 로고
    • Physiological studies of the effects of intermittent positive pressure breathing on cardiac output in man
    • Cournand A, Motley HL, Werko L, Richards DW. Physiological studies of the effects of intermittent positive pressure breathing on cardiac output in man. Am J Physiol 1948;152:162-74.
    • (1948) Am J Physiol , vol.152 , pp. 162-174
    • Cournand, A.1    Motley, H.L.2    Werko, L.3    Richards, D.W.4
  • 30
    • 0023904244 scopus 로고
    • Transient analysis of cardiopulmonary interactions I. Diastolic events
    • Peters J, Kindred MK, Robotham JL. Transient analysis of cardiopulmonary interactions. I. Diastolic events. J Appl Physiol 1988;64:1506-17.
    • (1988) J Appl Physiol , vol.64 , pp. 1506-1517
    • Peters, J.1    Kindred, M.K.2    Robotham, J.L.3
  • 31
    • 0030055338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic PEEP and cardiopulmonary interaction in patients with COPD and acute ventilatroy failure
    • Ranieri VM, Dambrosio M, Brienza N. Intrinsic PEEP and cardiopulmonary interaction in patients with COPD and acute ventilatroy failure. Eur Respir J 1996;9:1283-92.
    • (1996) Eur Respir J , vol.9 , pp. 1283-1292
    • Ranieri, V.M.1    Dambrosio, M.2    Brienza, N.3
  • 32
    • 28044457897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular Issues in respiratory care
    • Pinsky MR. Cardiovascular Issues in respiratory care. Chest 2005;128:592-7.
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , pp. 592-597
    • Pinsky, M.R.1
  • 34
    • 0017380803 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory and baroreceptor reflex interactions in man
    • Eckberg DL, Orshan CR. Respiratory and baroreceptor reflex interactions in man. J Clin Invest 1977;59:780-5.
    • (1977) J Clin Invest , vol.59 , pp. 780-785
    • Eckberg, D.L.1    Orshan, C.R.2
  • 35
    • 3242809730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined heart rate variability and pulse oximetry biofeedback for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: preliminary findings
    • Giardino ND, Chan L, Borson S. Combined heart rate variability and pulse oximetry biofeedback for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: preliminary findings. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2004;29:121-33.
    • (2004) Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback , vol.29 , pp. 121-133
    • Giardino, N.D.1    Chan, L.2    Borson, S.3
  • 36
    • 0027494802 scopus 로고
    • Important influence of respiration on human R-R interval power spectra is largely ignored
    • Brown TE, Beightol LA, Koh J, Eckberg DL. Important influence of respiration on human R-R interval power spectra is largely ignored. J Appl Physiol 1993;75:2310-231.
    • (1993) J Appl Physiol , vol.75 , pp. 2310-3231
    • Brown, T.E.1    Beightol, L.A.2    Koh, J.3    Eckberg, D.L.4
  • 37
    • 0035943009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory modulation of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Goso Y, Asanoi H, Ishise H. Respiratory modulation of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 2001;104:418-23.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , pp. 418-423
    • Goso, Y.1    Asanoi, H.2    Ishise, H.3
  • 38
    • 0019629207 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in humans: how breathing pattern modulates heart rate
    • Hirsch JA, Bishop B. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in humans: how breathing pattern modulates heart rate. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 1981;241:620-9.
    • (1981) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.241 , pp. 620-629
    • Hirsch, J.A.1    Bishop, B.2
  • 39
    • 0022359171 scopus 로고
    • Microneurographic studies of the mechanisms of sympathetic nerve responses to static exercise in humans
    • Mark AL, Victor RG, Nerhed C, Wallin BG. Microneurographic studies of the mechanisms of sympathetic nerve responses to static exercise in humans. Circ Res 1985;57:461-9.
    • (1985) Circ Res , vol.57 , pp. 461-469
    • Mark, A.L.1    Victor, R.G.2    Nerhed, C.3    Wallin, B.G.4
  • 40
    • 0001162818 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular reflex control by afferent fibers from skeletal muscle receptors
    • Shepherd JT, Abboud FM, editors. The cardiovascular system. New York: Oxford University Press;
    • Mitchell JH, Schmidt RF. Cardiovascular reflex control by afferent fibers from skeletal muscle receptors. In: Shepherd JT, Abboud FM, editors. Handbook of physiology. The cardiovascular system. New York: Oxford University Press; 1983. p. 623-58.
    • (1983) Handbook of physiology , pp. 623-658
    • Mitchell, J.H.1    Schmidt, R.F.2
  • 41
  • 42
    • 0141729458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human diaphragm remodeling associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: clinical implications
    • Levine S, Nguyen T, Kaiser LR. Human diaphragm remodeling associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: clinical implications. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;168:706-13.
    • (2003) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.168 , pp. 706-713
    • Levine, S.1    Nguyen, T.2    Kaiser, L.R.3
  • 43
    • 0035508471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Injury of the human diaphragm associated with exertion and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Orozco-Levi M, Lloreta J, Minguella J. Injury of the human diaphragm associated with exertion and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;164:1734-9.
    • (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.164 , pp. 1734-1739
    • Orozco-Levi, M.1    Lloreta, J.2    Minguella, J.3
  • 44
    • 28244483892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Role of Vagal Afferent Nerves in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
    • Undem BJ, Kollarik M. The Role of Vagal Afferent Nerves in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2005;2:355-60.
    • (2005) Proc Am Thorac Soc , vol.2 , pp. 355-360
    • Undem, B.J.1    Kollarik, M.2
  • 46
    • 0035116371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of the anatomy and physiology of slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors
    • Schelegle ES, Green JF. An overview of the anatomy and physiology of slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors. Respiration Physiology 2001;125:17-31.
    • (2001) Respiration Physiology , vol.125 , pp. 17-31
    • Schelegle, E.S.1    Green, J.F.2
  • 47
    • 0035985999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alveolar hypercapnia augments pulmonary C-fiber responses to chemical stimulants: role of hydrogen ion
    • Gu Q, Lee LY. Alveolar hypercapnia augments pulmonary C-fiber responses to chemical stimulants: role of hydrogen ion. J Appl Physiol 2002;93:181-8.
    • (2002) J Appl Physiol , vol.93 , pp. 181-188
    • Gu, Q.1    Lee, L.Y.2
  • 48
    • 0242522253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of bronchial C-fiber afferents of the rabbit to changes in lung compliance
    • Ma A, Bravo M, Kappagoda CT. Responses of bronchial C-fiber afferents of the rabbit to changes in lung compliance. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2003;138:155-63.
    • (2003) Respir Physiol Neurobiol , vol.138 , pp. 155-163
    • Ma, A.1    Bravo, M.2    Kappagoda, C.T.3
  • 49
    • 0242362831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Oudijk EJD, Lammers JWJ, Koenderman J. Systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2003;22:5-13.
    • (2003) Eur Respir J , vol.22 , pp. 5-13
    • Oudijk, E.J.D.1    Lammers, J.W.J.2    Koenderman, J.3
  • 50
    • 0031906579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart rate variability is related to leucocyte count in men and to blood lipoproteins in women in a healthy population of 35-year-old subjects
    • Jensen-Urstad M, Jensen-Urstad K, Ericson M, Johansson J. Heart rate variability is related to leucocyte count in men and to blood lipoproteins in women in a healthy population of 35-year-old subjects. J Intern Med 1998;243:33-40.
    • (1998) J Intern Med , vol.243 , pp. 33-40
    • Jensen-Urstad, M.1    Jensen-Urstad, K.2    Ericson, M.3    Johansson, J.4
  • 51
    • 1642416433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased heart rate and reduced heart-rate variability are associated with subclinical inflammation in middle-aged and elderly subjects with no apparent heart disease
    • Sajadieh A, Nielsen OW, Rasmussen V, Hein HO, Abedini S, Hansen JF. Increased heart rate and reduced heart-rate variability are associated with subclinical inflammation in middle-aged and elderly subjects with no apparent heart disease. Eur Heart J 2004;25:363-70.
    • (2004) Eur Heart J , vol.25 , pp. 363-370
    • Sajadieh, A.1    Nielsen, O.W.2    Rasmussen, V.3    Hein, H.O.4    Abedini, S.5    Hansen, J.F.6
  • 52
    • 0033035459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac cachexia: a syndrome with impaired survival and immune and neuroendocrine activation
    • Anker SD, Coats AJ. Cardiac cachexia: a syndrome with impaired survival and immune and neuroendocrine activation. Chest 1999;115:836-47.
    • (1999) Chest , vol.115 , pp. 836-847
    • Anker, S.D.1    Coats, A.J.2
  • 53
    • 28144464489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurohumoral activation as a link to systemic manifestations of chronic lung disease
    • Andreas S, Anker SD, Paul D, Scanlon PD, Virend K, Somers VK. Neurohumoral activation as a link to systemic manifestations of chronic lung disease. Chest 2005;128;3618-24.
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , pp. 3618-3624
    • Andreas, S.1    Anker, S.D.2    Paul, D.3    Scanlon, P.D.4    Virend, K.5    Somers, V.K.6
  • 54
    • 0034713266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin
    • Borovikova LV, Ivanova S, Zhang M, Yang H, Botchkina GI, Watkins LR, et al. Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin. Nature 2000;405:458-62.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.405 , pp. 458-462
    • Borovikova, L.V.1    Ivanova, S.2    Zhang, M.3    Yang, H.4    Botchkina, G.I.5    Watkins, L.R.6
  • 55
    • 0037461768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha7 subunit is an essential regulator of inflammation
    • Wang H, Yu M, Ochani M, Amella CA, Tanovic M, Susarla S, et al. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha7 subunit is an essential regulator of inflammation. Nature 2003;421:384-8.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 384-388
    • Wang, H.1    Yu, M.2    Ochani, M.3    Amella, C.A.4    Tanovic, M.5    Susarla, S.6
  • 56
    • 0015678196 scopus 로고
    • The effects of mild hypoxia with constant PACO2 and ventilation on the setting and sensitivity of the baroreceptor-cardiacdepressor reflex in man
    • Bhattachaya J, Cunningham DJC, Howson MG. The effects of mild hypoxia with constant PACO2 and ventilation on the setting and sensitivity of the baroreceptor-cardiacdepressor reflex in man. J Physiol 1973;234:112-4.
    • (1973) J Physiol , vol.234 , pp. 112-114
    • Bhattachaya, J.1    Cunningham, D.J.C.2    Howson, M.G.3
  • 57
    • 0033545827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inotropic and sympathetic responses to the intracoronary infusion of a ß2-receptor agonist: a human in vivo study
    • Newton GE, Azevedo ER, Parker JD. Inotropic and sympathetic responses to the intracoronary infusion of a ß2-receptor agonist: a human in vivo study. Circulation 1999;99:2402-7.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 2402-2407
    • Newton, G.E.1    Azevedo, E.R.2    Parker, J.D.3
  • 58
    • 63849184085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term effects of inhaled salbutamol on autonomic cardiovascular control in healthy subjects: a placebo-controlled study
    • Cekici L, Valipour A, Kohansal R, Burghuber OC. Short-term effects of inhaled salbutamol on autonomic cardiovascular control in healthy subjects: a placebo-controlled study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2009l;67:394-402.
    • (2009) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.67 , pp. 394-402
    • Cekici, L.1    Valipour, A.2    Kohansal, R.3    Burghuber, O.C.4
  • 59
    • 0033017150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart-rate variability effects of beta-adrenoceptor agonists (xamoterol, prenalterol, and salbutamol) assessed nonlinearly with scatterplots and sequence methods
    • Silke B, Hanratty CG, Riddell JG. Heart-rate variability effects of beta-adrenoceptor agonists (xamoterol, prenalterol, and salbutamol) assessed nonlinearly with scatterplots and sequence methods. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1999;33:859-67.
    • (1999) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.33 , pp. 859-867
    • Silke, B.1    Hanratty, C.G.2    Riddell, J.G.3
  • 60
    • 0032987536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the effect on heart rate variability of a beta2-adrenoceptor agonist and antagonist using non-linear scatterplot and sequence methods
    • Hanratty CG, Silke B, Riddell JG. Evaluation of the effect on heart rate variability of a beta2-adrenoceptor agonist and antagonist using non-linear scatterplot and sequence methods. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999;47:157-66.
    • (1999) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.47 , pp. 157-166
    • Hanratty, C.G.1    Silke, B.2    Riddell, J.G.3
  • 61
    • 2942744546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of beta-agonists in patients with asthma and COPD: a meta-analysis
    • Salpeter SR, Ormiston TM, Salpeter EE. Cardiovascular effects of beta-agonists in patients with asthma and COPD: a meta-analysis. Chest 2004;125:2309-21.
    • (2004) Chest , vol.125 , pp. 2309-2321
    • Salpeter, S.R.1    Ormiston, T.M.2    Salpeter, E.E.3
  • 62
    • 0028032555 scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic and blood pressure responses to voluntary apnea are augmented by hypoxemia
    • Hardy JC, Gray K, Whisler S, Leuenberger U. Sympathetic and blood pressure responses to voluntary apnea are augmented by hypoxemia. J Appl Physiol 1994;77:2360-5.
    • (1994) J Appl Physiol , vol.77 , pp. 2360-2365
    • Hardy, J.C.1    Gray, K.2    Whisler, S.3    Leuenberger, U.4
  • 64
    • 0141465280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-frequency modulation of heart rate variability during exercise in patients with COPD
    • Bartels MN, Jelic S, Ngai P, Basner RC, DeMeersman RE. High-frequency modulation of heart rate variability during exercise in patients with COPD. Chest 2003;124:863-9.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.124 , pp. 863-869
    • Bartels, M.N.1    Jelic, S.2    Ngai, P.3    Basner, R.C.4    DeMeersman, R.E.5
  • 65
    • 34447135516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology and consequences of lung hyperinflation in COPD
    • O'Donell DE, Lavenesiana P. Physiology and consequences of lung hyperinflation in COPD. Eur Respir Rev 2006;100:61-7.
    • (2006) Eur Respir Rev , vol.100 , pp. 61-67
    • O'Donell, D.E.1    Lavenesiana, P.2
  • 66
    • 67650844446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BP variability and cardiovascular autonomic function in relation to forced expiratory volume: a population-based study
    • Engström G, Gerhardsson de Verdier M, Dahlbäck M, Janson C, Lars Lind L. BP variability and cardiovascular autonomic function in relation to forced expiratory volume: a population-based study. Chest 2009;136:177-83.
    • (2009) Chest , vol.136 , pp. 177-183
    • Engström, G.1    Gerhardsson de Verdier, M.2    Dahlbäck, M.3    Janson, C.4    Lars Lind, L.5
  • 68
    • 53449090024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The major limitation to exercise performance in COPD is inadequate energy supply to the respiratory and locomotor muscles vs. lower limb muscle dysfunction vs. dynamic hyperinflation
    • West JB, Wagner PD, Neder JA, Scano GL, Jones NL, Zakynthinos SG, et al. The major limitation to exercise performance in COPD is inadequate energy supply to the respiratory and locomotor muscles vs. lower limb muscle dysfunction vs. dynamic hyperinflation. J Appl Physiol 2008;105:758-62.
    • (2008) J Appl Physiol , vol.105 , pp. 758-762
    • West, J.B.1    Wagner, P.D.2    Neder, J.A.3    Scano, G.L.4    Jones, N.L.5    Zakynthinos, S.G.6
  • 69
    • 0342460492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal changes and catabolic/anabolic imbalance in chronic heart failure and their importance for cardiac cachexia
    • Anker SD, Chua TP, Ponikowski P, Harrington D, Swan JW, Kox WJ, et al. Hormonal changes and catabolic/anabolic imbalance in chronic heart failure and their importance for cardiac cachexia. Circulation 1997;96:526-34.
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.96 , pp. 526-534
    • Anker, S.D.1    Chua, T.P.2    Ponikowski, P.3    Harrington, D.4    Swan, J.W.5    Kox, W.J.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.