메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 70, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 59-66

Treatment of neuromyelitis optica: An evidence based review;Tratamento da neuromielite óptica: Uma revisão baseada em evidências

Author keywords

Aquaporin 4; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Interferon beta; Mitoxantrone; Monoclonal antibodies; Mycophenolic acid; Neuromyelitis optica; Plasmapheresis; Steroids; Therapy

Indexed keywords

AZATHIOPRINE; BETA INTERFERON; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; ECULIZUMAB; GLATIRAMER; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; MITOXANTRONE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; PREDNISONE; RITUXIMAB;

EID: 84855518068     PISSN: 0004282X     EISSN: 16784227     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/S0004-282X2012000100012     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (55)
  • 2
    • 10344250945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A serum autoantibody marker of neuromyelitis optica: Distinction from multiple sclerosis
    • Lennon VA, Wingerchuk DM, Kryzer TJ, et al. A serum autoantibody marker of neuromyelitis optica: distinction from multiple sclerosis. Lancet 2004;364:2106-2112.
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , pp. 2106-2112
    • Lennon, V.A.1    Wingerchuk, D.M.2    Kryzer, T.J.3
  • 5
    • 33846528659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic efficacy of plasma exchange in NMO-IgG-positive patients with neuromyelitis optica
    • Watanabe S, Nakashima I, Misu T, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of plasma exchange in NMO-IgG-positive patients with neuromyelitis optica. Mult Scler 2007;13:128-132.
    • (2007) Mult Scler , vol.13 , pp. 128-132
    • Watanabe, S.1    Nakashima, I.2    Misu, T.3
  • 6
    • 0031665071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Devic's neuromyelitis optica: A prospective study of seven patients treated with prednisone and azathioprine
    • Mandler RN, Ahmed W, Dencoff JE. Devic's neuromyelitis optica: a prospective study of seven patients treated with prednisone and azathioprine. Neurology 1998;51:1219-1220.
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.51 , pp. 1219-1220
    • Mandler, R.N.1    Ahmed, W.2    Dencoff, J.E.3
  • 7
    • 38449120510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose corticosteroids reduce relapses in neuromyelitis optica: A retrospective analysis
    • Watanabe S, Misu T, Miyazawa I, et al. Low-dose corticosteroids reduce relapses in neuromyelitis optica: a retrospective analysis. Mult Scler 2007;13:968-974.
    • (2007) Mult Scler , vol.13 , pp. 968-974
    • Watanabe, S.1    Misu, T.2    Miyazawa, I.3
  • 8
    • 34249696440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody is involved in the pathogenesis of NMO: A study on antibody titre
    • Takahashi T, Fujihara K, Nakashima I, et al. Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody is involved in the pathogenesis of NMO: a study on antibody titre. Brain 2007;130:1235-1243.
    • (2007) Brain , vol.130 , pp. 1235-1243
    • Takahashi, T.1    Fujihara, K.2    Nakashima, I.3
  • 9
    • 55749088210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody to aquaporin-4 in the long-term course of neuromyelitis optica
    • Jarius S, Aboul-Enein F, Waters P, et al. Antibody to aquaporin-4 in the long-term course of neuromyelitis optica. Brain 2008;131:3072-3080.
    • (2008) Brain , vol.131 , pp. 3072-3080
    • Jarius, S.1    Aboul-Enein, F.2    Waters, P.3
  • 10
    • 0003724565 scopus 로고
    • United States Department of Health and Human Services. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR), Clinical practice guideline No 1, AHCPR publication No 92-0023. Rockville, MD: AHCPR
    • United States Department of Health and Human Services. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR). Acute pain management: operative or medical procedures and trauma. Clinical practice guideline No 1, AHCPR publication No 92-0023. Rockville, MD: AHCPR; 1993.
    • (1993) Acute Pain Management: Operative Or Medical Procedures and Trauma
  • 11
    • 33144490691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grading strength of recommendations and quality of evidence in clinical guidelines: Report from an American College of Chest Physicians task force
    • Guyatt G, Gutterman D, Baumann MH, et al. Grading strength of recommendations and quality of evidence in clinical guidelines: report from an American College of Chest Physicians task force. Chest 2006;129:174-181.
    • (2006) Chest , vol.129 , pp. 174-181
    • Guyatt, G.1    Gutterman, D.2    Baumann, M.H.3
  • 12
    • 0035796894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of action of glucocorticosteroid hormones: Possible implications for therapy of neuroimmunological disorders
    • Gold R, Buttgereit F, Toyka KV. Mechanism of action of glucocorticosteroid hormones: possible implications for therapy of neuroimmunological disorders. J Neuroimmunol 2001;117:1-8.
    • (2001) J Neuroimmunol , vol.117 , pp. 1-8
    • Gold, R.1    Buttgereit, F.2    Toyka, K.V.3
  • 13
    • 0033946875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroids for multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
    • Brusaferri F, Candelise L. Steroids for multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. J Neurol 2000;247:435-442.
    • (2000) J Neurol , vol.247 , pp. 435-442
    • Brusaferri, F.1    Candelise, L.2
  • 14
    • 78549268147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is effective in preserving retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with neuromyelitis optica
    • Nakamura M, Nakazawa T, Doi H, et al. Early high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is effective in preserving retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with neuromyelitis optica. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2010;248:1777-1785.
    • (2010) Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol , vol.248 , pp. 1777-1785
    • Nakamura, M.1    Nakazawa, T.2    Doi, H.3
  • 15
    • 0033592442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic plasma exchange: An update from the Canadian Apheresis Group
    • Clark WF, Rock GA, Buskard N, et al. Therapeutic plasma exchange: an update from the Canadian Apheresis Group. Ann Intern Med 1999;131:453-462.
    • (1999) Ann Intern Med , vol.131 , pp. 453-462
    • Clark, W.F.1    Rock, G.A.2    Buskard, N.3
  • 16
    • 79952201612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical applications of therapeutic apheresis
    • Balogun RA, Kaplan A, Ward DM, et al. Clinical applications of therapeutic apheresis. J Clin Apher 2010;25:250-264.
    • (2010) J Clin Apher , vol.25 , pp. 250-264
    • Balogun, R.A.1    Kaplan, A.2    Ward, D.M.3
  • 17
    • 77955587315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive optic neuritis treated with double-filtration plasmapheresis
    • Yoshida H, Ando A, Sho K, et al. Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive optic neuritis treated with double-filtration plasmapheresis. J Ocul Pharmacol 2010;26:381-385.
    • (2010) J Ocul Pharmacol , vol.26 , pp. 381-385
    • Yoshida, H.1    Ando, A.2    Sho, K.3
  • 18
    • 0017804962 scopus 로고
    • Intensive plasma exchange on the cell separator: Effects on serum immunoglobulins and complement components
    • Keller AJ, Urbaniak SJ. Intensive plasma exchange on the cell separator: effects on serum immunoglobulins and complement components. Br J Haematol 1978;38:531-540.
    • (1978) Br J Haematol , vol.38 , pp. 531-540
    • Keller, A.J.1    Urbaniak, S.J.2
  • 19
  • 21
    • 71949127312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intermittent plasmapheresis prevents recurrence in neuromyelitis optica
    • Miyamoto K, Kusunoki S. Intermittent plasmapheresis prevents recurrence in neuromyelitis optica. Ther Apher Dial 2009;13:505-508.
    • (2009) Ther Apher Dial , vol.13 , pp. 505-508
    • Miyamoto, K.1    Kusunoki, S.2
  • 22
    • 78751617857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based guideline update. Plasmapheresis in neurologic disorders: Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Cortese I, Chaudhry V, So YT, Cantor F, Cornblath DR, Rae-Grant A. Evidence-based guideline update. Plasmapheresis in neurologic disorders: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2011;76:294-300.
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.76 , pp. 294-300
    • Cortese, I.1    Chaudhry, V.2    So, Y.T.3    Cantor, F.4    Cornblath, D.R.5    Rae-Grant, A.6
  • 23
    • 0032758846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of plasma exchange in acute central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease
    • Weinshenker BG, O'Brien PC, Petterson TM, et al. A randomized trial of plasma exchange in acute central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease. Ann Neurol 1999;46:878-886.
    • (1999) Ann Neurol , vol.46 , pp. 878-886
    • Weinshenker, B.G.1    O'Brien, P.C.2    Petterson, T.M.3
  • 24
    • 79952187895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic efficacy of double filtration plasmapheresis in patients with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive multiple sclerosis
    • Munemoto M, Otaki Y, Kasama S, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of double filtration plasmapheresis in patients with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive multiple sclerosis. J Clin Neurosci 2011;18:478-480.
    • (2011) J Clin Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 478-480
    • Munemoto, M.1    Otaki, Y.2    Kasama, S.3
  • 26
    • 77953992139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in clinical practice-evidence-based approach from the Apheresis Applications Committee of the American Society for Apheresis
    • Szczepiorkowski ZM, Winters JL, Bandarenko N, et al. Guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in clinical practice-evidence-based approach from the Apheresis Applications Committee of the American Society for Apheresis. J Clin Apher 2010;25:83-177.
    • (2010) J Clin Apher , vol.25 , pp. 83-177
    • Szczepiorkowski, Z.M.1    Winters, J.L.2    Bandarenko, N.3
  • 28
    • 77949633218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are patients with intermediate TPMT activity at increased risk of myelosuppression when taking thiopurine medications?
    • Higgs JE, Payne K, Roberts C, Newman WG. Are patients with intermediate TPMT activity at increased risk of myelosuppression when taking thiopurine medications? Pharmacogenomics 2010;11:177-188.
    • (2010) Pharmacogenomics , vol.11 , pp. 177-188
    • Higgs, J.E.1    Payne, K.2    Roberts, C.3    Newman, W.G.4
  • 30
    • 78650029432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No relapse of neuromyelitis optica during drug-induced B-lymphopenia with hypogammaglobulinemia
    • Tanaka Y, Kimura K, Kawachi I, Inuzuka T. No relapse of neuromyelitis optica during drug-induced B-lymphopenia with hypogammaglobulinemia. Neurology 2010;75:1745-1747.
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.75 , pp. 1745-1747
    • Tanaka, Y.1    Kimura, K.2    Kawachi, I.3    Inuzuka, T.4
  • 31
    • 16844366404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An open label study of the effects of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica
    • Cree BA, Lamb S, Morgan K, Chen A, Waubant E, Genain C. An open label study of the effects of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica. Neurology 2005;64:1270-1272.
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.64 , pp. 1270-1272
    • Cree, B.A.1    Lamb, S.2    Morgan, K.3    Chen, A.4    Waubant, E.5    Genain, C.6
  • 32
    • 71949096353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trial of rituximab in three patients with neuromyelitis optica
    • Imamura H, Tanaka M, Kitagawa N, et al. Trial of rituximab in three patients with neuromyelitis optica. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2009;49:457-462.
    • (2009) Rinsho Shinkeigaku , vol.49 , pp. 457-462
    • Imamura, H.1    Tanaka, M.2    Kitagawa, N.3
  • 33
    • 34547936733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variable responses to rituximab treatment in neuromyelitis optica (Devic's disease)
    • Capobianco M, Malucchi S, di Sapio A, et al. Variable responses to rituximab treatment in neuromyelitis optica (Devic's disease). Neurol Sci 2007;28:209-211.
    • (2007) Neurol Sci , vol.28 , pp. 209-211
    • Capobianco, M.1    Malucchi, S.2    di Sapio, A.3
  • 34
    • 79958112517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient increases in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody titers following rituximab treatment in neuromyelitis optica, in association with elevated serum BAFF levels
    • Nakashima I, Takahashi T, Cree BA, et al. Transient increases in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody titers following rituximab treatment in neuromyelitis optica, in association with elevated serum BAFF levels. J Clin Neurosci 2011;18:997-998.
    • (2011) J Clin Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 997-998
    • Nakashima, I.1    Takahashi, T.2    Cree, B.A.3
  • 35
    • 55949127730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of neuromyelitis optica with rituximab: Retrospective analysis of 25 patients
    • Jacob A, Weinshenker BG, Violich I, et al. Treatment of neuromyelitis optica with rituximab: retrospective analysis of 25 patients. Arch Neurol 2008;65:1443-1448.
    • (2008) Arch Neurol , vol.65 , pp. 1443-1448
    • Jacob, A.1    Weinshenker, B.G.2    Violich, I.3
  • 37
    • 79954613355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up of patients with neuromyelitis optica after repeated therapy with rituximab
    • Pellkofer HL, Krumbholz M, Berthele A, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with neuromyelitis optica after repeated therapy with rituximab. Neurology 2011;76:1310-1315.
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.76 , pp. 1310-1315
    • Pellkofer, H.L.1    Krumbholz, M.2    Berthele, A.3
  • 38
    • 80053457747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated treatment with rituximab based on the assessment of peripheral circulating memory B cells in patients with relapsing neuromyelitis optica over 2 years
    • Epub July 11
    • Kim S-H, Kim W, Li XF, Jung I-J, Kim HJ. Repeated treatment with rituximab based on the assessment of peripheral circulating memory B cells in patients with relapsing neuromyelitis optica over 2 years. Arch Neurol 2011:Epub July 11.
    • (2011) Arch Neurol
    • Kim, S.-H.1    Kim, W.2    Li, X.F.3    Jung, I.-J.4    Kim, H.J.5
  • 39
    • 0345305703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of mitoxantrone (Novantrone) for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • Goodin DS, Arnason BG, Coyle PK, Frohman EM, Paty DW. The use of mitoxantrone (Novantrone) for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 2003;61:1332-1338.
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , pp. 1332-1338
    • Goodin, D.S.1    Arnason, B.G.2    Coyle, P.K.3    Frohman, E.M.4    Paty, D.W.5
  • 40
    • 33745858352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of mitoxantrone for the treatment of recurrent neuromyelitis optica (Devic disease)
    • Weinstock-Guttman B, Ramanathan M, Lincoff N, et al. Study of mitoxantrone for the treatment of recurrent neuromyelitis optica (Devic disease). Arch Neurol 2006;63:957-963.
    • (2006) Arch Neurol , vol.63 , pp. 957-963
    • Weinstock-Guttman, B.1    Ramanathan, M.2    Lincoff, N.3
  • 41
    • 33745589265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained improvement of a girl affected with Devic's disease over 2 years of mycophenolate mofetil treatment
    • Falcini F, Trapani S, Ricci L, Resti M, Simonini G, de Martino M. Sustained improvement of a girl affected with Devic's disease over 2 years of mycophenolate mofetil treatment. Rheumatology 2006;45:913-915.
    • (2006) Rheumatology , vol.45 , pp. 913-915
    • Falcini, F.1    Trapani, S.2    Ricci, L.3    Resti, M.4    Simonini, G.5    de Martino, M.6
  • 42
    • 70349150578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of neuromyelitis optica with mycophenolate mofetil: Retrospective analysis of 24 patients
    • Jacob A, Matiello M, Weinshenker BG, et al. Treatment of neuromyelitis optica with mycophenolate mofetil: retrospective analysis of 24 patients. Arch Neurol 2009;66:1128-1133.
    • (2009) Arch Neurol , vol.66 , pp. 1128-1133
    • Jacob, A.1    Matiello, M.2    Weinshenker, B.G.3
  • 43
    • 0025967752 scopus 로고
    • The Canadian cooperative trial of cyclophosphamide and plasma exchange in progressive multiple sclerosis
    • The Canadian Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Study Group
    • The Canadian cooperative trial of cyclophosphamide and plasma exchange in progressive multiple sclerosis. The Canadian Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. Lancet 1991;337:441-446.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , pp. 441-446
  • 44
    • 0027196941 scopus 로고
    • Intermittent cyclophosphamide pulse therapy in progressive multiple sclerosis: Final report of the Northeast Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Group
    • Weiner HL, Mackin GA, Orav EJ, et al. Intermittent cyclophosphamide pulse therapy in progressive multiple sclerosis: final report of the Northeast Cooperative Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Group. Neurology 1993;43:910-918.
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 910-918
    • Weiner, H.L.1    Mackin, G.A.2    Orav, E.J.3
  • 45
    • 38149037133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunoablative cyclophosphamide for refractory lupus-related neuromyelitis optica
    • Mok CC, To CH, Mak A, Poon WL. Immunoablative cyclophosphamide for refractory lupus-related neuromyelitis optica. J Rheumatol 2008;35:172-174.
    • (2008) J Rheumatol , vol.35 , pp. 172-174
    • Mok, C.C.1    To, C.H.2    Mak, A.3    Poon, W.L.4
  • 46
    • 47149106118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optic neuritis and recurrent myelitis in a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Birnbaum J, Kerr D. Optic neuritis and recurrent myelitis in a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2008;4:381-386.
    • (2008) Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol , vol.4 , pp. 381-386
    • Birnbaum, J.1    Kerr, D.2
  • 47
    • 33845439133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon beta-1b exacerbates multiple sclerosis with severe optic nerve and spinal cord demyelination
    • Warabi Y, Matsumoto Y, Hayashi H. Interferon beta-1b exacerbates multiple sclerosis with severe optic nerve and spinal cord demyelination. J Neurol Sci 2007;252:57-61.
    • (2007) J Neurol Sci , vol.252 , pp. 57-61
    • Warabi, Y.1    Matsumoto, Y.2    Hayashi, H.3
  • 48
    • 79952404312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic efficacy of interferon beta-1b in Japanese patients with optic-spinal multiple sclerosis
    • Shimizu Y, Fujihara K, Kubo S, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of interferon beta-1b in Japanese patients with optic-spinal multiple sclerosis. Tohoku J Exp Med 2011;223:211-214.
    • (2011) Tohoku J Exp Med , vol.223 , pp. 211-214
    • Shimizu, Y.1    Fujihara, K.2    Kubo, S.3
  • 49
    • 77950881518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different responses to interferon beta-1b treatment in patients with neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis
    • Uzawa A, Mori M, Hayakawa S, Masuda S, Kuwabara S. Different responses to interferon beta-1b treatment in patients with neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2010;17:672-676.
    • (2010) Eur J Neurol , vol.17 , pp. 672-676
    • Uzawa, A.1    Mori, M.2    Hayakawa, S.3    Masuda, S.4    Kuwabara, S.5
  • 50
    • 34247093688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunosuppressive therapy is more effective than interferon in neuromyelitis optica
    • Papeix C, Vidal JS, de Seze J, et al. Immunosuppressive therapy is more effective than interferon in neuromyelitis optica. Mult Scler 2007;13:256-259.
    • (2007) Mult Scler , vol.13 , pp. 256-259
    • Papeix, C.1    Vidal, J.S.2    de Seze, J.3
  • 51
    • 77955456303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon beta treatment in neuromyelitis optica: Increase in relapses and aquaporin 4 antibody titers
    • Palace J, Leite MI, Nairne A, Vincent A. Interferon beta treatment in neuromyelitis optica: increase in relapses and aquaporin 4 antibody titers. Arch Neurol 2010;67:1016-1017.
    • (2010) Arch Neurol , vol.67 , pp. 1016-1017
    • Palace, J.1    Leite, M.I.2    Nairne, A.3    Vincent, A.4
  • 53
    • 33748904355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The complement inhibitor eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
    • Hillmen P, Young NS, Schubert J, et al. The complement inhibitor eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. N Engl J Med 2006;355:1233-1243.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1233-1243
    • Hillmen, P.1    Young, N.S.2    Schubert, J.3
  • 54
    • 2642527240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Devic's neuromyelitis optica treated with intravenous gamma globulin (IVIG)
    • Bakker J, Metz L. Devic's neuromyelitis optica treated with intravenous gamma globulin (IVIG). Can J Neurol Sci 2004;31:265-267.
    • (2004) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.31 , pp. 265-267
    • Bakker, J.1    Metz, L.2
  • 55
    • 0347295914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case of relapsing neuromyelitis optica treated with glatiramer acetate
    • Bergamaschi R, Uggetti C, Tonietti S, Egitto MG, Cosi V. A case of relapsing neuromyelitis optica treated with glatiramer acetate. J Neurol 2003;250:359-361.
    • (2003) J Neurol , vol.250 , pp. 359-361
    • Bergamaschi, R.1    Uggetti, C.2    Tonietti, S.3    Egitto, M.G.4    Cosi, V.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.