Urban vegetation detection using radiometrically calibrated small-footprint full-waveform airborne LiDAR data

ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Volumn 67, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 134-147

  Höfle, Bernhard ^a   Hollaus, Markus ^b   Hagenauer, Julian ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^b VIENNA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Austria)

Author keywords

Calibration; Full waveform; Laser scanning; LiDAR; Object based image analysis; Vegetation

Indexed keywords

3D OBJECT; 3D POINT CLOUD; AIRBORNE LIDAR DATA; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK; BACKSCATTERING COEFFICIENTS; CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY; DECISION TREE CLASSIFIERS; DIGITAL SURFACE MODELS; EDGE-BASED; EXPLORATORY DATA ANALYSIS; FULL-WAVEFORM; HIGH-DENSITY; LASER SCANNING; LIDAR DATA; OBJECT BASED; OBJECT BASED IMAGE ANALYSIS; POINT CLOUD; POINT DENSITY; REDUCTION FACTOR; STUDY AREAS; URBAN VEGETATION; VEGETATION CLASSIFICATION;

BACKSCATTERING; CALIBRATION; DECISION TREES; FORESTRY; NEURAL NETWORKS; THREE DIMENSIONAL; VEGETATION;

OPTICAL RADAR;

AIRBORNE SENSING; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK; BACKSCATTER; CORRECTION; GIS; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMAGE CLASSIFICATION; LIDAR; POLYGON; RADIOMETRIC SURVEY; SATELLITE DATA; WAVEFORM ANALYSIS;

CALIBRATION; LASERS; NEURAL NETWORKS; PLANTS; RADAR; SCANNING; THREE DIMENSIONAL DESIGN;

AUSTRIA; VIENNA;

EID: 84855418272     PISSN: 09242716     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2011.12.003     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Alexander C., Tansey K., Kaduk J., Holland D., Tate N.J. Backscatter coefficient as an attribute for the classification of full-waveform airborne laser scanning data in urban areas. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2010, 65(5):423-432.
2. Anderson J.A. An Introduction to Neural Networks 1995, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
3. Blaschke T. Object based image analysis for remote sensing. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2010, 65(1):2-16.
4. Breiman L., Friedman J.H., Olshen R.A., Stone C.J. Classification and Regression Trees 1984, Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole Advanced Books & Software, Monterey, CA.
5. Bretar F., Chehata N. Digital terrain model on vegetated areas: joint use of airborne lidar data and optical images. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2007, 36(Part 3/W49A):19-24.
6. Briese, C., Höfle, B., Lehner, H., Wagner, W., Pfennigbauer, M., Ullrich, A., 2008. Calibration of full-waveform airborne laser scanning data for object classification. In: Turner, M.D., Kamerman, G.W. (Eds.), Proceedings of SPIE Laser Radar Technology and Applications XIII, vol. 6950, 19-20 March, Orlando, FL, pp. 0H1-0H8.
7. Carlberg, M., Gao, P., Chen, G., Zakhor, A., 2009. Classifying urban landscape in aerial LiDAR using 3D shape analysis. In: Proceedings of the 16th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), 7-10 November, Cairo, Egypt, pp. 1701-1704.
8. Chauve A., Mallet C., Bretar F., Durrieu S., Pierrot-Deseilligny M., Puech W. Processing full-waveform lidar data: modelling raw signals. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2007, 36(Part 3/W52):195-200.
9. Clode S., Rottensteiner F. Detection and vectorization of roads from lidar data. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 2007, 73(5):517-536.
10. GRASS Development Team, 2010. Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Software, Version 6.4.0. Open Source Geospatial Foundation, (accessed 1.5.2011). http://www.grass.osgeo.org.
11. Gross H., Jutzi B., Thoennessen U. Segmentation of tree regions using data of a full-waveform laser. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2007, 36(Part 3):57-62.
12. Guo L., Chehata N., Mallet C., Boukir S. Relevance of airborne lidar and multispectral image data for urban scene classification using random forests. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2011, 66(1):56-66.
13. Haala N., Kada M. An update on automatic 3D building reconstruction. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2010, 65(6):570-580.
14. Han J., Kamber M. Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques 2001, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, CA.
15. Heinzel J., Koch B. Exploring full-waveform LiDAR parameters for tree species classification. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 2011, 13(1):152-160.
16. Hirschmugl M., Ofner M., Raggam J., Schardt M. Single tree detection in very high resolution remote sensing data. Remote Sensing of Environment 2007, 110(4):533-544.
17. Höfle B., Pfeifer N. Correction of laser scanning intensity data: data and model-driven approaches. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2007, 62(6):415-433.
18. Höfle, B., Hollaus, M., Lehner, H., Pfeifer, N., Wagner, W., 2008. Area-based parameterization of forest structure using full-waveform airborne laser scanning data. In: Hill, R.A., Rosette, J., Suárez, J. (Eds.), Proceedings of SilviLaser 2008: 8th international conference on LiDAR applications in forest assessment and inventory, 18-19 September, Edinburgh, UK, pp. 227-235.
19. Höfle B., Vetter M., Pfeifer N., Mandlburger G., Stötter J. Water surface mapping from airborne laser scanning using signal intensity and elevation data. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 2009, 34(12):1635-1649.
20. Höfle, B., Mücke, W., Dutter, M., Rutzinger, M., Dorninger, P., 2009b. Detection of building regions using airborne LiDAR - A new combination of raster and point cloud based GIS methods. In: Car, A., Griesebner, G., Strobl, J. (Eds.), Geospatial Crossroads @ GI_Forum' 09: Proceedings of the Geoinformatics Forum Salzburg, 7-10 July, Salzburg, pp. 66-75.
21. Höfle B., Hollaus M. Urban vegetation detection using high density full-waveform airborne LiDAR data - Combination of object-based image and point cloud analysis. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2010, 38(Part 7B):281-286.
22. Hollaus M., Aubrecht C., Höfle B., Steinnocher K., Wagner W. Roughness mapping on various vertical scales based on full-waveform airborne laser scanning data. Remote Sensing 2011, 3(3):503-523.
23. Hyyppä J., et al. HIGH-SCAN: The first European-wide attempt to derive single-tree information from laserscanner data. The Photogrammetric Journal of Finland 2001, 17:58-68.
24. Iovan C., Boldo D., Cord M. Detection, characterization, and modeling vegetation in urban areas from high-resolution aerial imagery. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 2008, 1(3):206-213.
25. IPF, 2011. OPALS - Orientation and Processing of Airborne Laser Scanning data, (accessed 1.5.2011). http://www.ipf.tuwien.ac.at/opals/.
26. Jelalian R. Laser Radar Systems 1992, Artech House, Boston, London.
27. Jochem A., Höfle B., Hollaus M., Rutzinger M. Object detection in airborne LIDAR data for improved solar radiation modeling in urban areas. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2009, 38(Part 3/W8):1-6.
28. Jutzi B., Stilla U. Range determination with waveform recording laser systems using a Wiener Filter. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2006, 61(2):95-107.
29. Lehner H., Briese C. Radiometric calibration of full-waveform airborne laser scanning data based on natural surfaces. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2010, 38(Part 7B):360-365.
30. Lemmens M. Airborne Lidar Sensors. GIM International 2009, 23(2):16-19.
31. Liang X., Hyyppä J., Matikainen L. Deciduous-coniferous tree classification using difference between first and last pulse laser signatures. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2007, 36(Part 3/W52):253-257.
32. Lin Y.C., Mills J.P. Factors influencing pulse width of small footprint, full waveform airborne laser Scanning data. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 2010, 76(1):49-59.
33. MA41, 2011. Stadtvermessung Wien - MA41, http://www.wien.gv.at/stadtentwicklung/stadtvermessung/ (Accessed 1 May, 2011).
34. Mallet C., Bretar F., Soergel U. Analysis of full-waveform LiDAR data for classification of urban areas. Photogrammetrie Fernerkundung Geoinformation (PFG) 2008, 2008(5):337-349.
35. Mallet C., Bretar F. Full-waveform topographic LiDAR: state-of-the-art. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2009, 64(1):1-16.
36. Mallet C., Lafarge F., Bretar F., Roux M., Soergel U., Heipke C. A stochastic approach for modelling airborne LIDAR waveforms. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2009, 38(Part3/W8):201-206.
37. Mandlburger G., Otepka J., Karel W., Wagner W., Pfeifer N. Orientation And Processing Of Airborne Laser Scanning Data (OPALS) - Concept and first results of a comprehensive ALS software. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2009, 38(Part 3/W8):55-60.
38. Matikainen L., Hyyppä J., Ahokas E., Markelin L., Kaartinen H. Automatic detection of buildings and changes in buildings for updating of maps. Remote Sensing 2010, 2(5):1217-1248.
39. Melzer T. Non-parametric segmentation of ALS point clouds using mean shift. Journal of Applied Geodesy 2007, 1(3):159-170.
40. Oude Elberink S., Vosselman G. Building reconstruction by target based graph matching on incomplete laser data: analysis and limitations. Sensors 2009, 9(8):6101-6118.
41. Pyle D. Data preparation for Data Mining 1999, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, CA.
42. Reitberger J., Schnörr C., Krzystek P., Stilla U. 3D segmentation of single trees exploiting full waveform LIDAR data. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2009, 64(6):561-574.
43. Rottensteiner F., Trinder J., Clode S., Kubik K. Building detection by fusion of airborne laser scanner data and multi-spectral images: performance evaluation and sensitivity analysis. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2007, 62(2):135-149.
44. Rumelhart D.E., Hinton G.E., Williams R.J. Learning representations by back-propagating errors. Nature 1986, 323:533-536.
45. Rutzinger, M., Höfle, B., Pfeifer, N., 2007. Detection of high urban vegetation with airborne laser scanning data. In: Proceedings of ForestSat 2007, 5-7 November, Montpellier, France, 5 p. (on CDROM).
46. Rutzinger M., Höfle B., Hollaus M., Pfeifer N. Object-based point cloud analysis of full-waveform airborne laser scanning data for urban vegetation classification. Sensors 2008, 8(8):4505-4528.
47. Rutzinger M., Pratihast A.K., Oude Elberink S., Vosselman G. Tree modelling from mobile laser scanning datasets. The Photogrammetric Record 2011, 26(135):361-372.
48. Secord J., Zakhor A. Tree detection in urban regions using aerial Lidar and image data. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 2007, 4(2):196-200.
49. SCOP, 2010. SCOP++ software, Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (I.P.F.), (accessed 1.5.2011). http://www.ipf.tuwien.ac.at/products/products.html.
50. Sithole G., Vosselman G. Bridge detection in airborne laser scanner data. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2006, 61(1):33-46.
51. Steinvall O. Effects of target shape and reflection on laser radar cross sections. Applied Optics 2000, 39(24):4381-4391.
52. Stilla U., Jutzi B. Waveform analysis for small-footprint pulsed laser systems. Topographic laser ranging and scanning 2008, 215-234. CRC Press. J. Shan, C.K. Toth (Eds.).
53. Stoter J., De Kluijver H., Kurakula V. 3D noise mapping in urban areas. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 2008, 22(8):907-924.
54. Tóvári D., Vögtle T. Classification methods for 3D objects in laserscanning data. International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2004, 35(Part B3):408-413.
55. Vosselman, G., Maas, H.G., 2010. Airborne and Terrestrial Laser Scanning. Whittles Publishing, 318 p.
56. Wagner W. Radiometric calibration of small-footprint airborne laser scanner measurements: basic physical concepts. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2010, 65(10):505-513.
57. Wagner W., Ullrich A., Ducic V., Melzer T., Studnicka N. Gaussian decomposition and calibration of a novel small-footprint full-waveform digitising airborne laser scanner. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2006, 60(2):100-112.
58. Wehr A., Lohr U. Airborne laser scanning - an introduction and overview. ISRPS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 1999, 54(2-3):68-82.
59. Yao W., Hinz S., Stilla U. Extraction and motion estimation of vehicles in single-pass airborne LiDAR data towards urban traffic analysis. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2011, 66(3):260-271.
60. Yuan X.H., Sarma V. Automatic urban water-body detection and segmentation from sparse ALSM data via spatially constrained model-driven clustering. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 2011, 8(1):73-77.