Examining the BMI-mortality relationship using fractional polynomials

BMC Medical Research Methodology

Volumn 11, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Wong, Edwin S ^a,b   Wang, Bruce Cm ^a   Garrison, Louis P ^a   Alfonso Cristancho, Rafael ^a   Flum, David R ^a   Arterburn, David E ^c   Sullivan, Sean D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b VA PUGET SOUND HEALTH CARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^c GROUP HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CAUSE OF DEATH; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; ETHNOLOGY; FACTUAL DATABASE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; OBESITY; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; SMOKING; STATISTICAL MODEL; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; BODY MASS INDEX; CAUSE OF DEATH; CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (U.S.); CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DATABASES, FACTUAL; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, STATISTICAL; MORTALITY; OBESITY; SMOKING; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84455193366     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14712288     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-11-175     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Body mass index and body girths as predictors of mortality in black and white men. Stevens J, Keil JE, Rust PF, Verdugo RR, Davis CE, Tyroler HA, Gazes PC, Am J Epidemiol 1992 135 10 1137 1146 1632424
2. Body mass index and mortality in nonsmoking older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Diehr P, Bild DE, Harris TB, Duxbury A, Siscovick D, Rossi M, Am J Public Health 1998 88 4 623 629 10.2105/AJPH.88.4.623 9551005 (Pubitemid 28350044)
3. Mortality risk by body weight and weight change in people with NIDDM. The WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetes. Chaturvedi N, Fuller JH, Diabetes Care 1995 18 6 766 774 10.2337/diacare.18.6.766 7555501
4. Hypothesis concerning the U-shaped relation between body mass index and mortality. Allison DB, Faith MS, Heo M, Kotler DP, Am J Epidemiol 1997 146 4 339 349 9270413 (Pubitemid 27355570)
5. Differential associations of body mass index and adiposity with all-cause mortality among men in the first and second National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES I and NHANES II) follow-up studies. Allison DB, Zhu SK, Plankey M, Faith MS, Heo M, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2002 26 3 410 416 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801925 11896498 (Pubitemid 34226168)
6. Mortality and Optimal Body Mass Index in a Sample of the US Population. Durazo-Arvizu R, U nA, McGee DL, Cooper RS, Liao Y, Luke A, Am J Epidemiol 1998 147 8 739 749 9554415 (Pubitemid 28183273)
7. The U-shaped association between body mass index and mortality: relationship with weight gain in a Native American population. Hanson RL, McCance DR, Jacobsson LT, Narayan KM, Nelson RG, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Knowler WC, J Clin Epidemiol 1995 48 7 903 916 10.1016/0895-4356(94)00217-E 7782799
8. Mortality associated with body fat, fat-free mass and body mass index among 60-year-old swedish men-a 22-year follow-up. The study of men born in 1913. Heitmann BL, Erikson H, Ellsinger BM, Mikkelsen KL, Larsson B, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000 24 1 33 37 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801082 10702748 (Pubitemid 30098876)
9. Relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality in Japan: NIPPON DATA80. Hozawa A, Okamura T, Oki I, Murakami Y, Kadowaki T, Nakamura K, Miyamatsu N, Hayakawa T, Kita Y, Nakamura Y, et al. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008 16 7 1714 1717 10.1038/oby.2008.237 (Pubitemid 351915108)
10. BMI and Mortality: Results From a National Longitudinal Study of Canadian Adults. Orpana HM, Berthelot J-M, Kaplan MS, Feeny DH, McFarland B, Ross NA, Obesity 2009 18 1 214 218 19543208
11. Body-mass index and mortality in a prospective cohort of U.S. adults. Calle EE, Thun MJ, Petrelli JM, Rodriguez C, Heath CW Jr, N Engl J Med 1999 341 15 1097 1105 10.1056/NEJM199910073411501 10511607 (Pubitemid 29466221)
12. Body fat distribution and 5-year risk of death in older women. Folsom AR, Kaye SA, Sellers TA, Hong CP, Cerhan JR, Potter JD, Prineas RJ, JAMA 1993 269 4 483 487 10.1001/jama.1993.03500040049035 8419667 (Pubitemid 23027503)
13. Adiposity as compared with physical activity in predicting mortality among women. Hu FB, Willett WC, Li T, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Manson JE, N Engl J Med 2004 351 26 2694 2703 10.1056/NEJMoa042135 15616204 (Pubitemid 39665323)
14. Body-mass index and mortality in Korean men and women. Jee SH, Sull JW, Park J, Lee S-Y, Ohrr H, Guallar E, Samet JM, N Engl J Med 2006 355 8 779 787 10.1056/NEJMoa054017 16926276 (Pubitemid 44285583)
15. Body weight and mortality among women. Manson JE, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, Hankinson SE, Hennekens CH, Speizer FE, N Engl J Med 1995 333 11 677 685 10.1056/NEJM199509143331101 7637744
16. World Health Organization-BMI Classification. http://apps.who.int/bmi/ index.jsp?introPage=intro-3.html
17. Annual Deaths Attributable to Obesity in the United States. Allison DB, Fontaine KR, Manson JE, Stevens J, VanItallie TB, JAMA 1999 282 16 1530 1538 10.1001/jama.282.16.1530 10546692 (Pubitemid 29504046)
18. Assessment of Excess Mortality in Obesity. Bender R, Trautner C, Spraul M, Berger M, Am J Epidemiol 1998 147 1 42 48 9440397 (Pubitemid 28034611)
19. Estimates of excess deaths associated with body mass index and other anthropometric variables. Flegal KM, Graubard BI, Am J Clin Nutr 2009 89 4 1213 1219 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26698 19190072
20. Excess Deaths Associated With Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity. Flegal KM, Graubard BI, Williamson DF, Gail MH, JAMA 2005 293 15 1861 1867 10.1001/jama.293.15.1861 15840860 (Pubitemid 40548182)
21. Cause-Specific Excess Deaths Associated With Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity. Flegal KM, Graubard BI, Williamson DF, Gail MH, JAMA 2007 298 17 2028 2037 10.1001/jama.298.17.2028 17986696 (Pubitemid 350074800)
22. Obesity and Excess Mortality Among the Elderly in the United States and Mexico. Monteverde M, Noronha K, Palloni A, Novak B, Demography 2010 47 1 79 96 10.1353/dem.0.0085 20355685
23. Dichotomizing continuous predictors in multiple regression: a bad idea. Royston P, Altman DG, Sauerbrei W, Stat Med 2006 25 1 127 141 10.1002/sim.2331 16217841 (Pubitemid 43136953)
24. Decision modeling to estimate the impact of gastric bypass surgery on life expectancy for the treatment of morbid obesity. Schauer DP, Arterburn DE, Livingston EH, Fischer D, Eckman MH, Arch Surg 2010 145 1 57 62 10.1001/archsurg.2009.240 20083755
25. A Semiparametric Analysis of the Relationship of Body Mass Index to Mortality. Gronniger JT, Am J Public Health 2006 96 1 173 178 10.2105/AJPH.2004.045823 16131644 (Pubitemid 43042850)
26. A new approach to modelling interactions between treatment and continuous covariates in clinical trials by using fractional polynomials. Royston P, Sauerbrei W, Stat Med 2004 23 16 2509 2525 10.1002/sim.1815 15287081 (Pubitemid 39149264)
27. Building multivariable prognostic and diagnostic models: transformation of the predictors by using fractional polynomials. Sauerbrei W, Royston P, Journal Of The Royal Statistical Society Series A 1999 162 1 71 94 10.1111/1467-985X.00122
28. 1997 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Public Use Data Release, NHIS Survey Description. NHIS, Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics 2000
29. Long-term follow-up of behavioral treatment for obesity: patterns of weight regain among men and women. Kramer FM, Jeffery RW, Forster JL, Snell MK, Int J Obes 1989 13 2 123 136 2663745 (Pubitemid 19144690)
30. Issues related to modeling the body mass index-mortality association: the shape of the association and the effects of smoking status. Durazo-Arvizu RA, Cooper RS, Int J Obes (Lond) 2008 32 Suppl 3 52 55
31. The use of fractional polynomials to model continuous risk variables in epidemiology. Royston P, Ambler G, Sauerbrei W, Int J Epidemiol 1999 28 5 964 974 10.1093/ije/28.5.964 10597998 (Pubitemid 29525041)
32. Regression Using Fractional Polynomials of Continuous Covariates: Parsimonious Parametric Modelling. Royston P, Altman DG, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C (Applied Statistics) 1994 43 3 429 467 10.2307/2986270
33. Multivariable regression model building by using fractional polynomials: Description of SAS, STATA and R programs. Sauerbrei W, Meier-Hirmer C, Benner A, Royston P, Computational Statistics & Data Analysis 2006 50 12 3464 3485 10.1016/j.csda.2005.07.015 22208852 (Pubitemid 43794958)
34. Establishing the nadir of the body mass index-mortality relationship: a case study. Durazo-arvizu R, McGee D, Li Z, Cooper R, J Am Stat Assoc 1997 92 440 312 319 1
35. Body-mass index and mortality among 1.46 million white adults. Berrington de Gonzalez A, Hartge P, Cerhan JR, Flint AJ, Hannan L, MacInnis RJ, Moore SC, Tobias GS, Anton-Culver H, Freeman LB, et al. N Engl J Med 2010 363 23 2211 2219 10.1056/NEJMoa1000367 21121834
36. Relation between body mass index and mortality in an unusually slim cohort. Thorogood M, Appleby PN, Key TJ, Mann J, J Epidemiol Community Health 2003 57 2 130 133 10.1136/jech.57.2.130 12540689 (Pubitemid 36160622)
37. Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Whitlock G, Lewington S, Sherliker P, Clarke R, Emberson J, Halsey J, Qizilbash N, Collins R, Peto R, Lancet 2009 373 9669 1083 1096 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60318-4 19299006
38. The relationship between body weight and mortality: a quantitative analysis of combined information from existing studies. Troiano RP, Frongillo EA, Sobal J, Levitsky DA, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1996 20 1 63 75 8788324 (Pubitemid 26025050)
39. Weight, mortality, years of healthy life, and active life expectancy in older adults. Diehr P, O'Meara ES, Fitzpatrick A, Newman AB, Kuller L, Burke G, J Am Geriatr Soc 2008 56 1 76 83 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01500.x 18031486
40. The effect of age on the association between body-mass index and mortality. Stevens J, Cai J, Pamuk ER, Williamson DF, Thun MJ, Wood JL, N Engl J Med 1998 338 1 1 7 10.1056/NEJM199801013380101 9414324 (Pubitemid 28040168)