Towards understanding the cause of stroke in young adults utilising a new stroke classification system (A-S-C-O)

Cerebrovascular Diseases

Volumn 33, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 123-127

  Cotter, P E ^a   Belham, M ^b   Martin, P J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cerebral infarction; Etiology; Stroke; Young adult

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; ATHEROMA; BLOOD VESSEL OCCLUSION; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; EMBOLISM; FEMALE; GROUPS BY AGE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PATENT FORAMEN OVALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE FACTORS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; COMPREHENSION; ENGLAND; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS INDICATORS; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROGNOSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; STROKE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 83455258219     PISSN: 10159770     EISSN: 14219786     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000334183     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. Wolfe C: Stroke Services and Research: An Overview with Recommendations for Future Research. London, Stroke Association, 1996.
2. Martin PJ, Enevoldson TP, Humphrey PR: Causes of ischaemic stroke in the young. Postgrad Med J 1997; 73: 8-16. (Pubitemid 27060051)
3. Putaala J, Metso A, Metso T, Konkola N, Kraemer Y, Haapaniemi E, Kaste M, Tatlisumak T: Analysis of 1008 consecutive patients aged 15 to 49 with first-ever ischemic stroke: the Helsinki young stroke registry. Stroke 2009: 1195-1203.
4. Warlow C: The young stroke. Br J Hosp Med 1979; 22: 252-259. (Pubitemid 10229932)
5. Mattle HP, Meier B, Nedeltchev K: Prevention of stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale. Int J Stroke 2010; 5: 92-102.
6. Adams HP Jr., Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ, Biller J, Love BB, Gordon DL, Marsh ER: Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment. Stroke 1993; 24: 35-41. (Pubitemid 23014379)
7. Amarenco P, Bogousslavsky J, Caplan LR, Donnan GA, Hennerici MG: New approach to stroke subtyping: the A-S-C-O (phenotypic) classification of stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2009; 27: 502-508.
8. Kristensen B, Malm J, Carlberg B, Stegmayr B, Backman C, Fagerlund M, Olsson T: Epidemiology and etiology of ischemic stroke in young adults aged 18 to 44 years in northern Sweden. Stroke 1997; 28: 1702-1709. (Pubitemid 27391436)
9. Goldstein L, Jones M, Matchar D, Edwards L, Hoff J, Chilukuri V, Armstrong S, Horner R: Improving the reliability of stroke subgroup classification using the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria. Stroke 2001; 32: 1091-1098.
10. Landis JR, Koch GG: The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 1977; 33: 159-174. (Pubitemid 8054849)
11. Arnold M, Halpern M, Meier N, Fischer U, Haefeli T, Kappeler L, Brekenfeld C, Mattle HP, Nedeltchev K: Age-dependent differences in demographics, risk factors, co-morbidity, etiology, management, and clinical outcome of acute ischemic stroke. J Neurol 2008; 255: 1503-1507.
12. Amarenco P, Bogousslavsky J, Caplan LR, Donnan GA, Hennerici MG: Classification of stroke subtypes. Cerebrovasc Dis 2009; 27: 493-501.
13. Marnane M, Duggan C, Sheehan O, Merwick A, Hannon N, Curtin D, Harris D, Williams E, Horgan G, Kyne L, McCormack P, Duggan J, Moore A, Crispino-O'Connell G, Kelly P: Stroke subtype classification to mechanism-specific and undetermined categories by TOAST, A-S-C-O, and causative classification system. Direct comparison in the North Dublin population stroke study. Stroke 2010; 41: 1579-1586.
14. Larrue V, Berhoune N, Massabuau P, Calviere L, Raposo N, Viguier A, Nasr N: Etiologic investigation of ischemic stroke in young adults. Neurology 2011; 76: 1983-1988.