With a little help from my friends: Psychological, endocrine and health corollaries of social support in parental caregivers of children with autism or ADHD

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Volumn 33, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 682-687

  Lovell, Brian ^a   Moss, Mark ^a   Wetherell, Mark A ^a  

^a NORTHUMBRIA UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

ADHD; Autism; Caregiver; Cortisol; Physical health complaints; Social support; Stress appraisals

Indexed keywords

HYDROCORTISONE;

ADULT; ADVERSE OUTCOME; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; AUTISM; CAREGIVER BURDEN; CAREGIVER SUPPORT; DISTRESS SYNDROME; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; PARENTAL STRESS; PHYSICAL DISEASE; SELF ESTEEM; SELF REPORT; SOCIAL SUPPORT;

ADULT; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; AUTISTIC DISORDER; CAREGIVERS; CHILD; FAMILY HEALTH; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; HYPOTHALAMO-HYPOPHYSEAL SYSTEM; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PARENTS; PITUITARY-ADRENAL SYSTEM; QUESTIONNAIRES; SALIVA; SOCIAL SUPPORT; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL;

EID: 83455203614     PISSN: 08914222     EISSN: 18733379     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.11.014     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Bella G.P., Garcia M.C., Spadari-Bratfisch R.C. Salivary cortisol, stress, and health in primary caregivers (mothers) of children with cerebral palsy. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2011, 36:834-842.
2. Bozo O., Anahar S., Ates G., Etel E. Effects of illness representation, perceived quality of information provided by the health-care professional, and perceived social support on depressive symptoms of the caregivers of children with leukaemia. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings 2010, 17:23-30.
3. Burgess A.F., Gutstein S.E. Quality of life for people with autism: Raising the standard for evaluating successful outcomes. Child and Adolescent Mental Health 2007, 12(2):80-86.
4. Byrne M.B., Hurley D.A., Daly L., Cunningham C.G. Health status of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy. Child Care, Health and Development 2010, 36(5):696-702.
5. Cohen S., Ashby Wills T. Stress, social support and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin 1985, 98(2):310-357.
6. Cohen S., Hoberman H. Positive events and social support as buffers of life change stress. Journal of Applied and Social Psychology 1983, 13:99-125.
7. Cohen S., Kamarck T., Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour 1983, 24:385-396.
8. Fries E., Dettenborn L., Kirschbaum C. The cortisol awakening response (CAR): Facts and future directions. International Journal of Psychophysiology 2009, 72:67-77.
9. Griefahn B., Robens S. The cortisol awakening response: A pilot study on the effects of shift work, morningness and sleep duration. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2008, 33:981-988.
10. Gunnar M.R., Vasquez D.M. Low cortisol and a flattening of expected daytime rhythm: Potential indices of risk in human development. Development and Psychopathology 2001, 13:515-538.
11. Heim C., Ehlert U., Hellhammer D.H. The potential role of hypocortisolism in the pathophysiology of stress-related bodily disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2000, 25:1-35.
12. Hellhammer J., Fries E., Schweisthal O.W., Schlotz W., Stone A.A., Hagemann D. Several daily measurements are necessary to reliably assess the cortisol rise after awakening: State and trait component. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2007, 32:80-86.
13. Kirschbaum C., Klauer T., Filipp S.H., Hellhammer D.H. Sex specific effects of social support on cortisol and subjective responses to acute psychological stress. Psychosomatic Medicine 1995, 57:23-31.
14. Kudielka B.M., Broderick J.E., Kirschbaum C. Compliance with saliva sampling protocols: Electronic monitoring reveals invalid cortisol profiles in noncompliant subjects. Psychosomatic Medicine 2003, 65(3):313-319.
15. Kudielka B.M., Hellhammer D.H., Wust S. Why do we respond so differently? Reviewing determinants of human salivary cortisol responses to challenge. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009, 34:2-18.
16. Kunz Ebrecht S.R., Kirschbaum C., Steptoe A. Work stress, SES and neuroendocrine activation over the working day. Social Science and Medicine 2004, 58:1523-1530.
17. Lin J.D., Hu J., Yen C.F., Hsu S.W., Lin L.P., Loh C.H., et al. Quality of life in caregivers of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: Use of WHOQOL-BREF survey. Research in Developmental Disabilities 2009, 30:1448-1458.
18. Lovell, B., Moss, M., & Wetherell, M.A. The psychosocial, endocrine and immune consequences of caring for a child with autism or ADHD. Psychoneuroendocrinology, in press.
19. Lovell B., Wetherell M.A. The cost of caregiving: Endocrine and immune implications in elderly and non elderly caregivers. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 2011, 35:1342-1352.
20. Miller G.E., Chen E., Sze J., Marin T., Arevalo J.M.G., Doll R., et al. A functional genomic fingerprint of chronic stress in humans: Blunted glucocorticoid and increased NF-B signalling. Biological Psychiatry 2008, 64:266-272.
21. Miller G.E., Cohen S., Ritchey K.A. Chronic psychological stress and the regulation of pro inflammatory cytokines: A glucocorticoid resistance model. Health Psychology 2002, 21(6):531-541.
22. Moskowitz J.T., Epel E.S. Benefit finding and diurnal cortisol slope in maternal caregivers: A moderating role for positive emotion. Journal of Positive Psychology 2006, 1(2):83-91.
23. Okun M.L., Krafty R.T., Buysse D.J., Monk T.J., Reynolds C.F., Begley A., et al. What constitutes too long of a delay? Determining the cortisol awakening response (CAR) using self report and PSG-assessed wake time. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2010, 35:460-468.
24. Pennebaker J.W. The psychology of physical symptoms 1982, Springer-Verlag, New York.
25. Rohleder N., Beulen E.S., Chen E., Wolf J.M., Kirschbaum C. Stress on the dance floor: The cortisol stress response to social-evaluative threat in competitive ballroom dancers. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 2007, 33(1):69-84.
26. Rohleder N., Marin T.J., Ma R., Miller G.E. Biologic cost of caring for a cancer patient: Dysregulation of pro and anti inflammatory signalling pathways. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2009, 27:2909-2915.
27. Sawyer M.G., Bittman M., La Greca A.M., Crettenden A.D., Harchak T.F., Martin J. Time demands of caring for children with autism: What are the implications for maternal mental health?. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2010, 40:620-628.
28. Schlotz W., Hellhammer J., Schulz P., Stone A.A. Perceived work overload and chronic worrying predict weekend-weekday differences in the cortisol awakening response. Psychosomatic Medicine 2004, 66:207-214.
29. Seltzer M.M., Almeida D.M., Greenberg J.S., Salva J., Stawski R.S., Hong J., et al. Psychosocial and biological markers of daily lives of midlife parents of children with disabilities. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 2009, 5:1-15.
30. Seltzer M.M., Greenberg J.S., Hong J., Smith L.E., Almeida D.M., Coe C., et al. Maternal cortisol levels and behavior problems in adolescents and adults with ASD. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2010, 40(4):457-469.
31. Smyth J., Ockenfels M., Gorin A., Catley D., Porter L., Kirschbaum C., et al. Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of cortisol. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1997, 22:89-105.
32. Snaith P.R. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2003, 1(29):1-4.
33. Stalder T., Hucklebridge F., Evans P., Clow A. Use of a single case study design to examine state variation in the cortisol awakening response: Relationship with time of awakening. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009, 34:607-614.
34. Steptoe A. Stress, social support and cardiovascular activity over the working day. International Journal of Psychophysiology 2000, 37:299-308.
35. Turner-Cobb J.M., Palmer J., Aronson D., Russell L., Purnell S., Osborn M., et al. Diurnal cortisol and coping responses in close relatives of persons with acquired brain injury: A longitudinal mixed methods study. Brain Injury 2010, 24(6):893-903.
36. Turner Cobb J.M., Sephton S.E., Koopman C., Blake Mortimer J., Spiegel D. Social support and salivary cortisol in women with metastatic breast cancer. Psychosomatic Medicine 2000, 62:337-345.
37. Van Houdenhove B., Van Den Eede F., Luyten P. Does hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hypofunction in chronic fatigue syndrome reflect a 'crash' in the stress system?. Medical Hypotheses 2009, 72:701-705.
38. Weiss M.J. Hardiness and social support as predictors of stress in mothers of typical children, children with autism, and children with mental retardation. Autism 2002, 6(1):115-130.
39. Zigmond A.S., Snaith R.P. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1983, 67(6):361-370.