메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 61, Issue 8, 2004, Pages 765-776

Appraisal of four novel approaches to the prevention and treatment of sepsis

Author keywords

Antiinflammatory agents; Drotrecogin alfa; Gases; Models; Oxygen; Sepsis; Steroids, cortico ; Toxicity

Indexed keywords

DROTRECOGIN; FLUDROCORTISONE; GLUCOSE; HYDROCORTISONE;

EID: 8344251014     PISSN: 10792082     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/61.8.765     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (7)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0036163466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of sepsis
    • Jacobi J. Pathophysiology of sepsis. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2002; 59(suppl 1): S3-8.
    • (2002) Am J Health-Syst Pharm , vol.59 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Jacobi, J.1
  • 2
    • 0038447123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Receptors, mediators, and mechanisms involved in bacterial sepsis and septic shock
    • Van Amersfoort ES, Van Berkel TJ, Kuiper J. Receptors, mediators, and mechanisms involved in bacterial sepsis and septic shock. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003; 16:379-414.
    • (2003) Clin Microbiol Rev , vol.16 , pp. 379-414
    • Van Amersfoort, E.S.1    Van Berkel, T.J.2    Kuiper, J.3
  • 3
    • 0034958947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: Analysis of incidence, outcome and associated costs of care
    • Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J et al. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med. 2001; 29:1303-10.
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 1303-1310
    • Angus, D.C.1    Linde-Zwirble, W.T.2    Lidicker, J.3
  • 4
    • 0037451929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000
    • Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S et al. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348:1546-54.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 1546-1554
    • Martin, G.S.1    Mannino, D.M.2    Eaton, S.3
  • 5
    • 0035826096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis
    • Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre PF et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2001; 344:699-709.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 699-709
    • Bernard, G.R.1    Vincent, J.L.2    Laterre, P.F.3
  • 6
    • 0035829852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients
    • Van Den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F et al. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2001; 345: 1359-67.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 1359-1367
    • Van Den Berghe, G.1    Wouters, P.2    Weekers, F.3
  • 7
    • 0035829842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock
    • Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S et al. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2001; 345:1368-77.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 1368-1377
    • Rivers, E.1    Nguyen, B.2    Havstad, S.3
  • 8
    • 0037151571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock
    • Annane D, Sebille V, Charpentier C et al. Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock, JAMA. 2002; 288:862-71.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 862-871
    • Annane, D.1    Sebille, V.2    Charpentier, C.3
  • 9
    • 0026534242 scopus 로고
    • Septic shock, multiple organ failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation: Compared patterns of antithrombin III, protein C, and protein S deficiencies
    • Fourrier F, Chopin C, Goudemand J et al. Septic shock, multiple organ failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation: compared patterns of antithrombin III, protein C, and protein S deficiencies, Chest. 1992; 101:816-23.
    • (1992) Chest , vol.101 , pp. 816-823
    • Fourrier, F.1    Chopin, C.2    Goudemand, J.3
  • 10
    • 0027214771 scopus 로고
    • Time course of hemostatic abnormalities in sepsis and its relation to outcome
    • Lorente JA, Garcia-Frade LJ, Landin L et al. Time course of hemostatic abnormalities in sepsis and its relation to outcome, Chest. 1993; 103:1536-42.
    • (1993) Chest , vol.103 , pp. 1536-1542
    • Lorente, J.A.1    Garcia-Frade, L.J.2    Landin, L.3
  • 11
    • 0034007647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes of the hemostatic network in critically ill patients - Is there a difference between sepsis, trauma, and neurosurgery patients?
    • Boldt J, Papsdorf M, Rothe A et al. Changes of the hemostatic network in critically ill patients - is there a difference between sepsis, trauma, and neurosurgery patients? Crit Care Med. 2000; 28: 445-50.
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 445-450
    • Boldt, J.1    Papsdorf, M.2    Rothe, A.3
  • 12
    • 0027248914 scopus 로고
    • Epidemic meningococcemia and purpura fulminans with induced protein C deficiency
    • Powars D, Larsen R, Johnson J et al. Epidemic meningococcemia and purpura fulminans with induced protein C deficiency. Clin Infect Dis. 1993; 17:254-61.
    • (1993) Clin Infect Dis , vol.17 , pp. 254-261
    • Powars, D.1    Larsen, R.2    Johnson, J.3
  • 13
    • 0037251585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drotrecogin alfa (activated) administration across clinically important subgroups of patients with severe sepsis
    • Ely EW, Laterre PF, Angus DC et al. Drotrecogin alfa (activated) administration across clinically important subgroups of patients with severe sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2003; 31:12-9.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 12-19
    • Ely, E.W.1    Laterre, P.F.2    Angus, D.C.3
  • 14
    • 0346136832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indianapolis, IN: Lilly Oct.
    • Xigris package insert. Indianapolis, IN: Lilly; 2003 Oct.
    • (2003) Xigris Package Insert
  • 15
    • 0037389471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety assessment of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in the treatment of adult patients with severe sepsis
    • Bernard GR, Macias WL, Joyce DE et al. Safety assessment of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in the treatment of adult patients with severe sepsis. Crit Care. 2003; 7:155-63.
    • (2003) Crit Care , vol.7 , pp. 155-163
    • Bernard, G.R.1    Macias, W.L.2    Joyce, D.E.3
  • 16
    • 0037352375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of drotrecogin alfa (activated) on organ dysfunction in the PROWESS trial
    • Vincent JL, Angus DC, Artigas A et al. Effects of drotrecogin alfa (activated) on organ dysfunction in the PROWESS trial. Crit Care Med. 2003; 31:834-40.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 834-840
    • Vincent, J.L.1    Angus, D.C.2    Artigas, A.3
  • 18
    • 0024384983 scopus 로고
    • Differentiation between septic and post-burn insulin resistance
    • Shangraw RE, Jahoor F, Miyoshi H et al. Differentiation between septic and post-burn insulin resistance. Metabolism. 1989; 38:983-9.
    • (1989) Metabolism , vol.38 , pp. 983-989
    • Shangraw, R.E.1    Jahoor, F.2    Miyoshi, H.3
  • 19
    • 0025822833 scopus 로고
    • Complications of coronary artery surgery in diabetic patients
    • Fietsam R Jr, Bassett J, Glover JL. Complications of coronary artery surgery in diabetic patients. Am Surg. 1991; 57:551-7.
    • (1991) Am Surg , vol.57 , pp. 551-557
    • Fietsam Jr., R.1    Bassett, J.2    Glover, J.L.3
  • 20
    • 0025899464 scopus 로고
    • Stress hormone and blood glucose response following acute stroke in the elderly
    • O'Neill PA, Davies I, Fullerton KJ et al. Stress hormone and blood glucose response following acute stroke in the elderly. Stroke. 1991; 22:842-7.
    • (1991) Stroke , vol.22 , pp. 842-847
    • O'Neill, P.A.1    Davies, I.2    Fullerton, K.J.3
  • 21
    • 0032894044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose potassium insulin infusions in the treatment of acute stroke patients with mild to moderate hyperglycemia: The Glucose Insulin in Stroke Trial (GIST)
    • Scott JF, Robinson GM, French JM et al. Glucose potassium insulin infusions in the treatment of acute stroke patients with mild to moderate hyperglycemia: the Glucose Insulin in Stroke Trial (GIST). Stroke. 1999; 30:793-9.
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , pp. 793-799
    • Scott, J.F.1    Robinson, G.M.2    French, J.M.3
  • 22
    • 0037326620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome benefit of intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill: Insulin dose versus glycemic control
    • Van Den Berghe G, Wouters P, Bouillon R et al. Outcome benefit of intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill: insulin dose versus glycemic control. Crit Care Med. 2003; 31:359-66.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 359-366
    • Van Den Berghe, G.1    Wouters, P.2    Bouillon, R.3
  • 23
    • 0030765237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrition support in clinical practice: Review of published data and recommendations for future research directions
    • summary of a conference sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, and American Society for Clinical Nutrition
    • Klein S, Kinney J, Jeejeebhoy K et al. Nutrition support in clinical practice: review of published data and recommendations for future research directions: summary of a conference sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, and American Society for Clinical Nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997; 66:683-706.
    • (1997) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.66 , pp. 683-706
    • Klein, S.1    Kinney, J.2    Jeejeebhoy, K.3
  • 24
    • 0037118284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients
    • Letter
    • Mazuski JE, Bailey JA, Shapiro MJ. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346:1586. Letter.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 1586
    • Mazuski, J.E.1    Bailey, J.A.2    Shapiro, M.J.3
  • 25
    • 0034915177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin inhibits intranuclear nuclear factor kappaB and stimulates IkappaB in mononuclear cells in obese subjects: Evidence for an anti-inflammatory effect?
    • Dandona P, Aljada A, Mohanty P et al. Insulin inhibits intranuclear nuclear factor kappaB and stimulates IkappaB in mononuclear cells in obese subjects: evidence for an anti-inflammatory effect? J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001; 86:3257-65.
    • (2001) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.86 , pp. 3257-3265
    • Dandona, P.1    Aljada, A.2    Mohanty, P.3
  • 26
    • 0035093810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes mellitus: A hypercoagulable state
    • Carr ME. Diabetes mellitus: a hypercoagulable state. J Diab Complications, 2001; 15:44-54.
    • (2001) J Diab Complications , vol.15 , pp. 44-54
    • Carr, M.E.1
  • 27
    • 0001987597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic effects of acute hyperglycemia in nondiabetic rats
    • Kwoun MO, Ling PR, Lydon E et al. Immunologic effects of acute hyperglycemia in nondiabetic rats. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1997; 21:91-5.
    • (1997) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr , vol.21 , pp. 91-95
    • Kwoun, M.O.1    Ling, P.R.2    Lydon, E.3
  • 28
    • 0037118284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients
    • Letter
    • Hirsch IB, Coviello A. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346:1586. Letter.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 1586
    • Hirsch, I.B.1    Coviello, A.2
  • 29
    • 0030861078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose-insulin-potassium therapy for treatment of acute myocardial infarction: An overview of randomized placebo-controlled trials
    • Fath-Ordoubadi F, Beatt KJ. Glucose-insulin-potassium therapy for treatment of acute myocardial infarction: an overview of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Circulation. 1997; 96:1152-6.
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.96 , pp. 1152-1156
    • Fath-Ordoubadi, F.1    Beatt, K.J.2
  • 30
    • 0031057552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose-insulin-potassium solutions enhance recovery after urgent coronary artery bypass grafting
    • Lazar HL, Philippides G, Fitzgerald C et al. Glucose-insulin-potassium solutions enhance recovery after urgent coronary artery bypass grafting. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1997; 113:354-60.
    • (1997) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.113 , pp. 354-360
    • Lazar, H.L.1    Philippides, G.2    Fitzgerald, C.3
  • 31
    • 0037118284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients
    • Letter
    • McCowen KC, Maykel JA, Bistrian BR. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346:1587, Letter.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 1587
    • McCowen, K.C.1    Maykel, J.A.2    Bistrian, B.R.3
  • 32
    • 0030448751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of perioperative tissue perfusion as a therapeutic strategy for major surgery
    • Boyd O, Bennett ED. Enhancement of perioperative tissue perfusion as a therapeutic strategy for major surgery. New Horiz. 1996; 4:453-65.
    • (1996) New Horiz , vol.4 , pp. 453-465
    • Boyd, O.1    Bennett, E.D.2
  • 33
    • 0028872009 scopus 로고
    • A trial of goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy in critically ill patients
    • SvO2 Collaborative Group
    • Gattinoni L, Brazzi L, Pelosi P et al. A trial of goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy in critically ill patients. SvO2 Collaborative Group. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333:1025-32.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 1025-1032
    • Gattinoni, L.1    Brazzi, L.2    Pelosi, P.3
  • 34
    • 0029983544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy
    • Letter
    • Shoemaker WC. Goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy. N Engl J Med. 1996; 334:799. Letter.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.334 , pp. 799
    • Shoemaker, W.C.1
  • 35
    • 0024273739 scopus 로고
    • Prospective trial of supranormal values of survivors as therapeutic goals in high-risk surgical patients
    • Shoemaker WC, Appel PL, Kram HB et al. Prospective trial of supranormal values of survivors as therapeutic goals in high-risk surgical patients. Chest. 1988; 94:1176-86.
    • (1988) Chest , vol.94 , pp. 1176-1186
    • Shoemaker, W.C.1    Appel, P.L.2    Kram, H.B.3
  • 36
    • 0027427633 scopus 로고
    • A randomized clinical trial of the effect of deliberate perioperative increase of oxygen delivery on mortality in high-risk surgical patients
    • Boyd O, Grounds RM, Bennett ED. A randomized clinical trial of the effect of deliberate perioperative increase of oxygen delivery on mortality in high-risk surgical patients. JAMA. 1993; 270:2699-707.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 2699-2707
    • Boyd, O.1    Grounds, R.M.2    Bennett, E.D.3
  • 37
    • 0029090390 scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid treatment for sepsis: A critical appraisal and meta-analysis of the literature
    • Cronin L, Cook DJ, Carlet J et al. Corticosteroid treatment for sepsis: a critical appraisal and meta-analysis of the literature. Crit Care Med. 1995; 23:1430-9.
    • (1995) Crit Care Med , vol.23 , pp. 1430-1439
    • Cronin, L.1    Cook, D.J.2    Carlet, J.3
  • 38
    • 0029036182 scopus 로고
    • Steroid controversy in sepsis and septic shock: A meta-analysis
    • Lefering R, Neugebauer EA. Steroid controversy in sepsis and septic shock: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 1995; 23: 1294-303.
    • (1995) Crit Care Med , vol.23 , pp. 1294-1303
    • Lefering, R.1    Neugebauer, E.A.2
  • 39
    • 0025974325 scopus 로고
    • Cortisol response to corticotropin and survival in septic shock
    • Rothwell PM, Udwadia ZF, Lawler PG. Cortisol response to corticotropin and survival in septic shock. Lancet. 1991; 337:582-3.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , pp. 582-583
    • Rothwell, P.M.1    Udwadia, Z.F.2    Lawler, P.G.3
  • 40
    • 0028906714 scopus 로고
    • Adrenal insufficiency during septic shock: Incidence, outcome and relationship to peripheral cytokine levels
    • Soni A, Pepper GM, Wyrwinski PM et al. Adrenal insufficiency during septic shock: incidence, outcome and relationship to peripheral cytokine levels. Am J Med. 1995; 98:266-71.
    • (1995) Am J Med , vol.98 , pp. 266-271
    • Soni, A.1    Pepper, G.M.2    Wyrwinski, P.M.3
  • 41
    • 0036972302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing mortality in sepsis: New directions
    • Vincent JL, Abraham E, Annane D et al. Reducing mortality in sepsis: new directions. Crit Care. 2002; 6(suppl 3):S1-18.
    • (2002) Crit Care , vol.6 , Issue.3 SUPPL.
    • Vincent, J.L.1    Abraham, E.2    Annane, D.3
  • 42
    • 0037187929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goal-directed therapy for severe sepsis
    • Letter
    • Abroug F, Besbes L, Nouira S. Goal-directed therapy for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346:1025. Letter.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 1025
    • Abroug, F.1    Besbes, L.2    Nouira, S.3
  • 43
    • 0037187929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goal-directed therapy for severe sepsis
    • Letter
    • Sarkar S, Kupfer Y, Tessler S. Goal-directed therapy for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346:1025. Letter.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 1025
    • Sarkar, S.1    Kupfer, Y.2    Tessler, S.3
  • 44
    • 0028893025 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A prospective study
    • Rangel-Frausto MS, Pittet D, Costigan M et al. The natural history of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A prospective study. JAMA. 1995; 273:117-23.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 117-123
    • Rangel-Frausto, M.S.1    Pittet, D.2    Costigan, M.3
  • 45
    • 0037264578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids for patients with septic shock
    • Letter
    • Opal SM. Corticosteroids for patients with septic shock. JAMA. 2003; 289:41. Letter.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , pp. 41
    • Opal, S.M.1
  • 47
    • 0037151455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids and septic shock
    • Editorial
    • Abraham E, Evans T. Corticosteroids and septic shock. JAMA. 2002; 288:886-7. Editorial.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 886-887
    • Abraham, E.1    Evans, T.2
  • 48
    • 0037878075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroids for septic shock
    • Sessler CN. Steroids for septic shock. Chest. 2003; 123:482S-9S.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123
    • Sessler, C.N.1
  • 49
    • 33750612847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reply. (Corticosteroids for patients with septic shock.)
    • Letter
    • Annane D, Sebille V, Bellissant E. Reply. (Corticosteroids for patients with septic shock.) JAMA. 2003; 289:43-4. Letter.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , pp. 43-44
    • Annane, D.1    Sebille, V.2    Bellissant, E.3
  • 50
    • 0035998343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological-dose steroid therapy in sepsis
    • Yildiz O, Doganay M, Aygen B et al. Physiological-dose steroid therapy in sepsis. Crit Care. 2002; 6:251-9.
    • (2002) Crit Care , vol.6 , pp. 251-259
    • Yildiz, O.1    Doganay, M.2    Aygen, B.3
  • 51
    • 0037441670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic and hemodynamic effects of "low-dose" hydrocortisone in septic shock: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study
    • Keh D, Boehnke T, Weber-Cartens S et al. Immunologic and hemodynamic effects of "low-dose" hydrocortisone in septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003; 167:512-20.
    • (2003) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.167 , pp. 512-520
    • Keh, D.1    Boehnke, T.2    Weber-Cartens, S.3
  • 52
    • 0037208519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids for patients with septic shock
    • Letter
    • Zijlstra JG, van der Horst IC, Tulleken JE et al. Corticosteroids for patients with septic shock. JAMA. 2003; 289:42. Letter.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , pp. 42
    • Zijlstra, J.G.1    Van Der Horst, I.C.2    Tulleken, J.E.3
  • 53
    • 0037805568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baseline cortisol levels, cortisol response to corticotropin, and prognosis in late septic shock
    • Bollaert PE, Fieux F, Charpentier C et al. Baseline cortisol levels, cortisol response to corticotropin, and prognosis in late septic shock. Shock. 2003; 19:13-5.
    • (2003) Shock , vol.19 , pp. 13-15
    • Bollaert, P.E.1    Fieux, F.2    Charpentier, C.3
  • 54
    • 0037250881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal insufficiency during septic shock
    • Marik PE, Zaloga GP. Adrenal insufficiency during septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2003; 31:141-5.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 141-145
    • Marik, P.E.1    Zaloga, G.P.2
  • 55
    • 0342980285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 3-level prognostic classification in septic shock based on cortisol levels and cortisol response to corticotropin
    • Annane D, Sebille V, Troche G et al. A 3-level prognostic classification in septic shock based on cortisol levels and cortisol response to corticotropin. JAMA. 2000; 283:1038-45.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 1038-1045
    • Annane, D.1    Sebille, V.2    Troche, G.3
  • 56
    • 0348242049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of low-dose (1 μg) with conventional dose cosyntropin (250 μg) for adrenal insufficiency testing in critical illness
    • Yamashita S, Drynan J, Guest C et al. Comparison of low-dose (1 μg) with conventional dose cosyntropin (250 μg) for adrenal insufficiency testing in critical illness. Crit Care Med. 2001; 29(suppl): A164.
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Yamashita, S.1    Drynan, J.2    Guest, C.3
  • 57
    • 0033304514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimizing the diagnostic criteria for standard (250-μg) and low-dose (1-μg) adrenocorticotropin tests in the assessment of adrenal function
    • Zarkovic M, Ciric J, Stojanovic M et al. Optimizing the diagnostic criteria for standard (250-μg) and low-dose (1-μg) adrenocorticotropin tests in the assessment of adrenal function. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999; 84:3170-3.
    • (1999) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.84 , pp. 3170-3173
    • Zarkovic, M.1    Ciric, J.2    Stojanovic, M.3
  • 58
    • 0033623262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison between the 1-μg adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) test, the short ACTH (250 μg) test, and the insulin tolerance test in the assessment of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis immediately after pituitary surgery
    • Dokmetas HS, Colak R, Kelestimur F et al. A comparison between the 1-μg adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) test, the short ACTH (250 μg) test, and the insulin tolerance test in the assessment of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis immediately after pituitary surgery. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000; 85:3713-9.
    • (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.85 , pp. 3713-3719
    • Dokmetas, H.S.1    Colak, R.2    Kelestimur, F.3
  • 60
    • 0037179685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks and benefits of activated protein C treatment for severe sepsis
    • Warren HS, Suffredini AF, Eichacker PQ et al. Risks and benefits of activated protein C treatment for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2002; 347:1027-30.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 1027-1030
    • Warren, H.S.1    Suffredini, A.F.2    Eichacker, P.Q.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.