Calibration procedure for a DOI detector of high resolution PET through a gaussian mixture model

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

Volumn 51, Issue 5 II, 2004, Pages 2543-2549

  Yoshida, Eiji ^a   Kimura, Yuichi ^b   Kitamura, Keishi ^a   Murayama, Hideo ^c  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF RADIOLOGICAL SCIENCES   (Japan)

^b TOKYO METROPOLITAN INSTITUTE OF GERONTOLOGY   (Japan)

^c SHIMADZU CORPORATION   (Japan)

Author keywords

Crystal identification; Depth of interaction (DOI); Gaussian mixture model (GMM); Position sensitive photomultiplier tube; Positron emission tomography (PET)

Indexed keywords

CRYSTALS; GADOLINIUM COMPOUNDS; IMAGING TECHNIQUES; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; OPTICAL RESOLVING POWER; PHOTODETECTORS; PHOTOMULTIPLIERS;

CRYSTAL IDENTIFICATION; DEPTH OF INTERACTION (DOI); GAUSSIAN MIXTURE MODELS (GMM); POSITION SENSITIVE PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES;

POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY;

EID: 8344239006     PISSN: 00189499     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2004.835746     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. H. Murayama, H. Ishibashi, H. Uchida, T. Omura, and T. Yamashita, "Design of a depth of interaction detector with a PS-PMT for PET," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 47, pp. 1045-1050, June 2000.
2. N. Inadama H. Murayama, T. Omura, T. Yamashita, S. Yamamoto, H. Ishibashi, H. Kawai, K. Omi, T. Umehara, and T. Kasahara, "A depth of interaction detector for PET with GSO crystals doped, with different amount of Ce," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 49, pp. 629-633, June 2002.
3. T. Kasahara, H. Murayama, T. Omura, T. Yamashita, H. Ishibashi, H. Kawai, N. Inadama, T. Umehara, N. Orita, and T. Tsuda, "Improvement of the depth of interaction detector for PET on full energy pulse height uniformity," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 50, Oct. 2003.
4. H. Murayama, H. Ishibashi H. Uchida, T. Omura, and T. Yamashita, "Depth encoding multicrystal detectors for PET," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 45, pp. 1152-1157, June 1998.
5. M. Schmand, L. Eriksson, M. E. Casey, M. S. Andreaco, C. Melcher, K. Wienhard, G. Flugge, and R. Nutt, ''Performance results of a new DOI detector block for a high resolution PET - LSO research tomography HRRT," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 45, pp. 3000-3006, Dec. 1998.
6. J. L. Robar, C. J. Thompson, K. Murthy, R. Clancy, and A. M. Bergman, "Construction and calibration of detectors for high-resolution metabolic breast cancer imaging," Nucl. Inst. Meth., vol. A 392, pp. 402-406, 1397.
7. L. Vincent and P. Soille, "Watersheds in digital spaces: An efficient algorithm based on immersion simulations,'' IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 13, pp. 583-598, June 1991.
8. P. Duffy and E. J. Hoffman, "Use of digital front-end electronics for optimization of a modular PET detector," IEEE Trans. Med. Imag., vol. 13, pp. 408-418, June 1994.
9. C. Bonifazzi, M. N. Cinti, A. Tartari, R. Pellegrini, and R. Pani, "Statistical description of response to flood-field irradiation in scintillation crystal arrays," Nucl. Instr. Meth., vol. A 497, pp. 179-185, 2003.
10. A. P. Dempster, N. M. Laird, and D. B. Rubin, "Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm," J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B, vol. 39, pp. 1-38, 1977.
11. H. Haneishi, A. Yamada, K. Takagi, and EL Murayama, "Monte Carlo simulation for depth encoding multicrystal detector for PET," in Proc. Conf. Rec. IEEE Nuclear Science Symp. and Medical Imaging Conf., M13A-15, 2001.
12. M. Sato, H. Haneishi, N. Inadama, and H. Murayama, "Computer simulation of four layers DOI-PET detector module fornext generation PET," in Proc. Conf. Rec. IEEE Nuclear Science Symp. and Medical Imaging Conf., M3-115, 2003.
13. N. Inadama, H. Murayama, M. Watanabe, T. Omura, T. Yamashita, H. Kawai, T. Umehara, T. Kasahara, N. Orita, and T. Tsuda, "Performance of a PET detector with a 256ch flat panel PS-PMT" in Proc. Conf. Rec. IEEE Nuclear Science Symp. and Medical Imaging Conf., M6-27, 2002.
14. N. Inadama, H. Murayama, M. Watanabe, T. Omura, T. Yamashita, H. Kawai, N. Orita, and T. Tsuda, "Performance of a 256ch. flat panel PS-PMT with small crystals for a DOI PET detector," in Proc. Conf. Rec. IEEE Nuclear Science Symp. and Medical Imaging Conf., M8-4, 2003.
15. S. Siegel, R. W. Silverman, Y. Shao, and S. R. Cherry, "Simple charge division readouts for imaging scintillator array using a multi-channel PMT," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 43, pp. 1634-1641, June 1996.
16. S. Yamamoto and H. Ishibashi, "A GSO depth of interaction detector for PET," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 45, June 1998.
17. N. Orita, H. Murayama, H. Kawai, N. Inadama, and T. Tsuda, "Three dimensional array of scintillation crystals with proper reflector arrangement for a DOI detector," in Proc. Conf. Rec. IEEE Nuclear Science Symp. and Medical Imaging Conf., M7-114, 2003.
18. R. A. Redner and H. F. Walker, "Mixture densities, maximum likelihood and the EM algorithm," in SIAM Rev., vol. 26, 1984, pp. 195-239.
19. K. Kitamura, M. Amano, and H. Murayama, "Count rate analysis of PET scanner designs based on a GSO depth of interaction detector with a large area PS-PMT," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 49, pp. 2218-2222, Oct. 2002.
20. Y. Shao, S. R. Cherry, S. Siegel, and R. Silverman, "A study of inter-crystal small scintillator arrays designed for high resolution PET imaging," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 43, pp. 1938-1944, June 1996.