Reconceptualizing the measurement of multiracial status for health research in the united states

Du Bois Review

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 25-36

  Woo, Meghan ^a   Austin, S Bryn ^b   Williams, David R ^b   Bennett, Gary G ^c  

^a ABT ASSOCIATES   (United States)

^b HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c DUKE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Ethnicity; Mixed Ancestry; Multiracial; Race; Racial Classification; Racial Identification

Indexed keywords

EID: 82455247472     PISSN: 1742058X     EISSN: 17420598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1742058X11000038     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Binning K. R., Unzueta M. M., Huo Y. J., and Molina L. E. (2009). The Interpretation of Multiracial Status and Its Relation to Social Engagement and Psychological Well-being. Journal of Social Issues, 65(1): 33.
2. Brunsma D. L. (2005). Interracial Families and the Racial Identification of Mixed-Race Children: Evidence from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study. Social Forces, 84(2): 1132.
3. Campbell M. E. and Troyer L. (2007). The Implications of Racial Misclassification by Observers. American Sociological Review, 72(5): 750–765.
4. Cheng C. and Lee F. (2009). Multiracial Identity Integration: Perceptions of Conflict and Distance among Multiracial Individuals. Journal of Social Issues, 65(1): 51.
5. Choi Y., Harachi T. W., Gillmore M. R., and Catalano R. F. (2006). Are Multiracial Adolescents at Greater Risk? Comparisons of Rates, Patterns, and Correlates of Substance Use and Violence between Monoracial and Multiracial Adolescents. The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76(1): 86–97.
6. Coleman V. H. and Carter M. M. (2007). Biracial Self-Identification: Impact on Trait Anxiety, Social Anxiety, and Depression. Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 7(2): 103.
7. Collins J. W. Jr. and David R. J. (1993). Race and Birthweight in Biracial Infants. American Journal of Public Health, 83(8): 1125–1129.
8. Goldstein J. R. and Morning A. J. (2000). The Multiple-Race Population of the United States: Issues and Estimates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97(11): 6230–6235.
9. Harris D. R. (2002). Does it Matter How We Measure? Racial Classification and the Characteristics of Multiracial Youth. In Perlman J. and Waters M. C. (Eds.), The New Race Question. How the Census Counts Multiracial Individuals, pp. 62–101. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
10. Harris D. R. and Sims J. J. (2002). Who is Multiracial? Assessing the Complexity of Lived Race. American Sociological Review, 67(4): 614–627.
11. Hasnain-Wynia R., Pierce D., and Pittman M. A., (2004). Who, When, and How: The Current State of Race, Ethnicity, and Primary Language Data Collection in Hospitals. New York: The Commonwealth Fund.
12. Herman M. (2004). Forced to Choose: Some Determinants of Racial Identification in Multiracial Adolescents. Child Development, 75(3): 730–748.
13. Herman M. (2010). Do You See What I Am? How Observers' Backgrounds Affect Their Perceptions of Multiracial Faces. Social Psychology Quarterly, 73(1): 58–78.
14. Hitlin S., Brown S., and Elder G. (2007). Measuring Latinos: Racial versus Ethnic Classification and Self-Understandings. Social Forces, 86(2): 587.
15. Hitlin S., Brown S., and Elder G. (2006). Racial Self-Categorization in Adolescence: Multiracial Development and Social Pathways. Child Development, 77(5): 1298–1308.
16. Johnson T. P., Jobe J. B., Sudman S., Warnecke R. B., Chavez N., Chapa-Resendez G., and Golden P. (1997). Dimensions of Self-Identification among Multiracial and Multiethnic Respondents in Survey Interviews. Evaluation Review, 21(6), 671.
17. Jones C. P., Truman B. I., Elam-Evans L. D., Jones C. A., Jones C. Y., Jiles R., Rumisha S. F., and Perry G. S. (2008). Using “Socially Assigned Race” to Probe White Advantages in Health Status. Ethnicity & Disease, 18(4): 496–504.
18. Jones N. A. and Smith A. S. (2001). The Two or More Races Population: 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.
19. Kuzawa C. W. and Sweet E. (2009). Epigenetics and the Embodiment of Race: Developmental Origins of US Racial Disparities in Cardiovascular Health. American Journal of Human Biology: The Official Journal of the Human Biology Council, 21(1): 2–15.
20. Massey J. T. (1980). A Comparison of Interviewer Observed Race and Respondent Reported Race in the National Health Interview Survey. Am Stat Assoc Soc Statistics Section Proc. Washington, DC.
21. Olden K. and White S. L. (2005). Health-Related Disparities: Influence of Environmental Factors. The Medical Clinics of North America, 89(4): 721–738.
22. Phinney J. S. (1990). Ethnic Identity in Adolescents and Adults: Review of Research. Psychological Bulletin, 108(3): 499–514.
23. Phinney J. S. and Alipuria L. L. (1996). At the Interface of Cultures: Multiethnic/Multiracial High School and College Students. The Journal of Social Psychology, 136(2): 139–158.
24. Polednak A. P. and King G. (1998). Birth Weight of U.S. Biracial (Black-White) Infants: Regional Differences. Ethnicity & Disease, 8(3): 340–349.
25. Poston W. S. C. (1990). The Biracial Identity Development Model: A Needed Addition. Journal of Counseling and Development, 69(2): 152–155.
26. Ramos E. and Rotimi C. (2009). The A's, G's, C's, and T's of Health Disparities. BMC Medical Genomics, 2: 29–36.
27. Risch N., Burchard E., Ziv E., and Tang H. (2002). Categorization of Humans in Biomedical Research: Genes, Race and Disease. Genome Biology, 3(7): 1–12.
28. Rockquemore K. A. (1998). Between Black and White: Exploring the Biracial Experience. Race and Society, 1(2): 197–212.
29. Rockquemore K. A. and Brunsma D. L. (2002). Socially Embedded Identities: Theories, Typologies and Processes of Racial Identity Among Black/White Biracials. Sociological Quarterly. 43(3): 335–356.
30. Sondik E. J., Lucas J. W., Madans J. H., and Smith S. S. (2000). Race/Ethnicity and the 2000 Census: Implications for Public Health. American Journal of Public Health, 90(11): 1709.
31. Tucker C., McKay R., Kojetin B., Harrison B., De La Puente R., Stinson M. L., and Robinson E. (1996). Testing Methods of Collecting Racial and Ethnic Information: Results of the Current Population Survey Supplement on Race and Ethnicity. Washington, DC: Bureau of Labor Statistics. BLS Statistical Notes 40.
32. Williams D. R. (2005). The Health of U. S. Racial and Ethnic Populations. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 60(Special Issue 2): S53–S62.
33. Williams D. R. and Mohammed S. A. (2009). Discrimination and Racial Disparities in Health: Evidence and Needed Research. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 32(1): 20–47.
34. Williams D. R., Mohammed S. A., Leavell J., and Collins C. (2010). Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Health: Complexities, Ongoing Challenges, and Research Opportunities. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1186: 69–101.