A depth profile of uranium-236 in the Atlantic Ocean

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

Volumn 77, Issue , 2012, Pages 98-107

  Christl, Marcus ^a   Lachner, Johannes ^a   Vockenhuber, Christof ^a   Lechtenfeld, Oliver ^b   Stimac, Ingrid ^b   van der Loeff, Michiel Rutgers ^b   Synal, Hans Arno ^a  

^a ETH ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^b ALFRED WEGENER INSTITUTE FOR POLAR AND MARINE RESEARCH   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY; DEEP WATER; ISOTOPIC RATIO; TRACER; URANIUM ISOTOPE; WATER CHEMISTRY; WATER DEPTH;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; ATLANTIC OCEAN (EQUATORIAL); ATLANTIC OCEAN (NORTH);

EID: 82455175420     PISSN: 00167037     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2011.11.009     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Alfimov V., Possnert G., Aldahan A. Anthropogenic iodine-129 in the Arctic Ocean and Nordic Seas: numerical modeling and prognoses. Marine Pollut. Bull. 2006, 52:380-385.
2. 238U composition. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2010, 11:8.
3. Anderson R.F. Concentration, vertical flux, and remineralization of particulate uranium in seawater. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1982, 46:1293-1299.
4. Andrié C., Rhein M., Freudenthal S., Plähn O. CFC time series in the deep water masses of the western tropical Atlantic, 1990-1999. Deep Sea Res. Part I: Oceanogr. Res. Papers 2002, 49:281-304.
5. Bloch S. Some factors controlling the concentration of uranium in the world ocean. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1980, 44:373-377.
6. Boulyga S.F., Becker J.S. Isotopic analysis of uranium and plutonium using ICP-MS and estimation of burn-up of spent uranium in contaminated environmental samples. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 2002, 17:1143-1147.
7. 238U isotope ratios in environmental samples by sector-field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry using high-efficiency sample introduction. J. Environ. Radioactiv. 2006, 88:1-10.
8. Boulyga S.F., Becker J.S., Matusevitch J.L., Dietze H.-J. Isotope ratio measurements of spent reactor uranium in environmental samples by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 203:143-154.
9. Broecker W.S., Peng T.H. Tracers in the Sea 1982, Columbia University, New York.
10. Broecker W.S., Peacock S.L., Walker S., Weiss R., Fahrbach E., Schroeder M., Mikolajewicz U., Heinze C., Key R., Peng T.H., Rubin S. How much deep water is formed in the Southern Ocean?. J. Geophys. Res. 1998, 103:15833-15843.
11. 239Pu ratios and their significance. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1987, 51:2623-2637.
12. Campin J.-M., Fichefet T., Duplessy J.-C. Problems with using radiocarbon to infer ocean ventilation rates for past and present climates. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1999, 165:17-24.
13. 232Th in seawater. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1986, 80:241-251.
14. Dunk R.M., Mills R.A., Jenkins W.J. A reevaluation of the oceanic uranium budget for the Holocene. Chem. Geol. 2002, 190:45-67.
15. 129I in water masses ventilating the North Atlantic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:6881-6894.
16. Eigl R., Wallner M., Srncik M., Steier P., Winkler S. Goldschmidt abstracts 2011. Mineral. Mag. 2011, 75:796-824.
17. Fabryka-Martin J.T. Production of Radionuclides in the Earth and their Hydrologic Significance, with Emphasis on Chlorine-36 and Iodine-129 1988, Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, p. 400.
18. Fifield L.K. Accelerator mass spectrometry of long-lived heavy radionuclides. Radioactivity in the Environment 2008, 263-293. Elsevier. P. Povinec (Ed.).
19. Fifield L.K. Accelerator mass spectrometry of the actinides. Quat. Geochronol. 2008, 3:276-290.
20. Gargett A.E. Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior. J. Mar. Res. 1984, 42:359-393.
21. Hardy E.P., Krey P.W., Volchok H.L. Global inventory and distribution of fallout plutonium. Nature 1973, 241:444-445.
22. Henderson G.M. Seawater (U-234/U-238) during the last 800,000 years. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2002, 199:97-110.
23. Henderson G.M., Anderson R.F. The U-series toolbox for paleoceanography. Uranium-series Geochemistry 2003, Mineralogical Society of America, (Chapter 12). B. Bourdon, G.M. Henderson, C.C. Lundstrom, S.P. Turner (Eds.).
24. Ivanovich M., Harmon R.S. Uranium-series Disequilibrium, Applications to Earth, Marine, and Environmental Sciences 1992, Oxford Science Publications, Oxford.
25. Jenkins W.J., Rhines P.B. Tritium in the deep North Atlantic Ocean. Nature 1980, 286:877-880.
26. Joyce T.M., Wunsch C., Pierce S.D. Synoptic Gulf Stream velocity profiles through simultaneous inversion of hydrographic and acoustic Doppler data. J. Geophys. Res. 1986, 91:7573-7585.
27. Lal D. (1988) Theoretically expected variations in the terrestrial cosmic-ray production rates of isotopes. Soc. Italiana di Fisica-Bologna-Italy XCV corso, pp. 216-233.
28. 236U in IAEA marine reference materials by ICPMS and AMS. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 2008, 66:823-828.
29. Mangini A., Sonntag C., Bertsch G., Müller E. Evidence for a higher natural U-content in world rivers. Nature 1979, 79:337-339.
30. Marsden O.J., Livens F.R., Day J.P., Fifield L.K., Goodall P.S. Determination of U-236 in sediment samples by accelerator mass spectrometry. Analyst 2001, 126:633-636.
31. Monterey G. and Levitus S. (1997) Seasonal Variability of Mixed Layer Depth for the World Ocean. NOAA Atlas NESDIS, vol. 14. Available from: ftp://ftp.nodc.noaa.gov/pub/data.nodc/woa/PUBLICATIONS/Atlas14.pdf.
32. 10Be measurements below 1MeV with the upgraded ETH-TANDY AMS facility. Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 2010, 268:2801-2807.
33. 129I and idealized tracers in the northern North Atlantic Ocean. Environ. Fluid Mech. 2010, 10:213-233.
34. OSPAR (2009) OSPAR Commission Work Areas/Radioactive Substances/Publications. ISBN 978-1-907390-84-5, Publication No.: 543/2011. Available from: http://www.ospar.org/.
35. Owens S.A., Buesseler K.O., Sims K.W.W. Re-evaluating the 238U-salinity relationship in seawater: implications for the 238U-234Th disequilibrium method. Mar. Chem. 2011, 127:31-39.
36. 238U particle flux studies. Mar. Chem. 2007, 106:530-545.
37. 236U: a possible 100-million year neutron flux integrator. NIM B 1996, 113:445-452.
38. Rijkenberg M. (2010) RV Pelagia PE321 Cruise summary report. In (ed. B.O.D. Centre). Available from: https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/information_and_inventories/cruise_inventory/report/10002/.
39. Robinson L.F., Belshaw N.S., Henderson G.M. U and Th concentrations and isotope ratios in modern carbonates and waters from the Bahamas. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2004, 68:1777-1789.
40. Roemmich D., Wunsch C. Two transatlantic sections: meridional circulation and heat flux in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Deep Sea Res. Part A: Oceanogr. Res. Papers 1985, 32:619-664.
41. 2. Science 2004, 305:367-371.
42. Sackett W., Mo T., Spalding R., Exner M. (1973) A revaluation of the marine geochemistry of uranium. IAEA SM-158/51, pp. 757-769.
43. 236U levels in global fallout. Sci. Total Environ. 2009, 407:4238-4242.
44. Santschi P.H., Schink D.R., Corapcioglu O., Oktay-Marshall S., Fehn U., Sharma P. Evidence for elevated levels of iodine-129 in the Deep Western Boundary Current in the Middle Atlantic Bight. Deep Sea Res. Part I: Oceanogr. Res. Papers 1996, 43:259-265.
45. SEPA (Scottish Environment Protection Agency) (2010) Radioactivity in Food and the Environment (RIFE). 15, Available from: http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/publication/rife2009.pdf.
46. 232Th in carbonates and black shales from the Lesser Himalaya: implications to dissolved uranium abundances in Ganga-Indus source waters. J. Environ. Radioactiv. 2003, 67:69-90.
47. 238U in Austrian water samples. NIM B 2009, 268:1146-1149.
48. 236U in environmental samples. NIM B 2008, 266:2246-2250.
49. Steier P., Dellinger F., Forstner O., Golser R., Knie K., Kutschera W., Priller A., Quinto F., Srncik M., Terrasi F., Vockenhuber C., Wallner A., Wallner G., Wild E.M. Analysis and application of heavy isotopes in the environment. NIM B 2010, 268:1045-1049.
50. Stocker M., Döbeli M., Grajcar M., Suter M., Synal H.A., Wacker L. A universal and competitive compact AMS facility. Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 2005, 240:483-489.
51. Synal H.A., Jacob S., Suter M. The PSI/ETH small radiocarbon dating system. Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 2000, 172:1-7.
52. 236 U at low energies. NIM B 2011, 269:3199-3203.
53. 239Pu in uranium ores. NIM B 2008, 266:3614-3624.
54. Winkler S., Steier P., Carilli J. Goldschmidt abstracts 2011. Mineral. Mag. 2011, 75:796-824.
55. 236U with accelerator mass spectrometry. NIM B 1994, 92:249-253.