Body fat distribution in perinatally HIV-infected and HIV-exposed but uninfected children in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: Outcomes from the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 94, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 1485-1495

  Jacobson, Denise L ^a   Patel, Kunjal ^b   Siberry, George K ^c   Van Dyke, Russell B ^d   DiMeglio, Linda A ^e   Geffner, Mitchell E ^f   Chen, Janet S ^g   McFarland, Elizabeth J ^h   Borkowsky, William ⁱ   Silio, Margarita ^d   Fielding, Roger A ^j   Siminski, Suzanne ^k   Miller, Tracie L ^l  

^a CENTER FOR BIOSTATISTICS IN AIDS RESEARCH   (United States)

^b HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

^d TULANE UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER   (United States)

^e INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^g DREXEL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^h Children's Hospital Colorado   (United States)

ⁱ NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^j TUFTS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^k FRONTIER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH FOUNDATION   (United States)

^l UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI MILLER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPRENAVIR; DARUNAVIR; EFAVIRENZ; FOSAMPRENAVIR; INDINAVIR; NEVIRAPINE; RITONAVIR; SAQUINAVIR; STAVUDINE; TIPRANAVIR;

ADOLESCENT; ANTHROPOMETRY; ARTICLE; BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS; CHILD; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DUAL ENERGY X RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; GROUPS BY AGE; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HISPANIC; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LIMB; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; SCHOOL CHILD; SCORING SYSTEM; TRUNK;

ABSORPTIOMETRY, PHOTON; ADIPOSE TISSUE; ADOLESCENT; AGE FACTORS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS INDEX; BODY WEIGHT; CHILD; CONTINENTAL POPULATION GROUPS; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV SEROPOSITIVITY; HUMANS; INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; SEX FACTORS;

EID: 82355163508     PISSN: 00029165     EISSN: 19383207     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.111.020271     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Carter RJ, Wiener J, Abrams EJ, Farley J, Nesheim S, Palumbo P, Bulterys M, Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Study- HIV Follow-up after Perinatal Exposure (PACTS-HOPE) Group. Dyslipidemia among perinatally HIV-infected children enrolled in the PACTS-HOPE cohort, 1999-2004: a longitudinal analysis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2006;41:453-60. (Pubitemid 43756161)
2. Jaquet D, Levine M, Ortega-Rodriguez E, Faye A, Polak M, Vilmer E, Levy-Marchal C. Clinical and metabolic presentation of the lipodystrophic syndrome in HIV-infected children. AIDS 2000;14: 2123-8.
3. Bitnun A, Sochett E, Babyn P, Holowka S, Stephens D, Read S, King SM. Serum lipids, glucose homeostasis and abdominal adipose tissue distribution in protease inhibitor-treated and naive HIV-infected children. AIDS 2003;17:1319-27. (Pubitemid 36819846)
4. Brambilla P, Bricalli D, Sala N, Renzetti F, Manzoni P, Vanzulli A, Chiumello G, di Natale B, Vigano A. Highly active antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected children show fat distribution changes even in absence of lipodystrophy. AIDS 2001;15:2415-22. (Pubitemid 34014610)
5. Ergun-Longmire B, Lin-Su K, Dunn AM, Chan L, Ham K, Sison C, Stavola J, Vogiatzi MG. Effects of protease inhibitors on glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, and body composition in children and adolescents infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Endocr Pract 2006;12:514-21. (Pubitemid 46456038)
6. Innes S, Levin L, Cotton M. Lipodystrophy syndrome in HIV-Infected children on HAART. South Afr J HIV Med 2009;10:76-80.
7. Krause JC, Toye MP, Fisher DJ, Stechenberg BW, Reiter EO, Allen HF. Metabolic abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children: two-year follow-up. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2009;22: 345-51.
8. Miller TL, Mawn BE, Orav EJ,Wilk D,Weinberg GA, Nicchitta J, Furuta L, Cutroni R, McIntosh K, Burchett SK, et al. The effect of protease inhibitor therapy on growth and body composition in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected children. Pediatrics 2001;107:E77.
9. Mulligan K, Harris DR, Monte D, Stoszek S, Emmanuel P, Hardin DS, Kapogiannis BG, Worrell C, Meyer WA 3rd, Sleasman J, et al. Obesity and dyslipidemia in behaviorally HIV-infected young women: Adolescent Trials Network study 021. Clin Infect Dis 2010;50:106-14.
10. Sánchez Torres AM, Munoz Muniz R, Madero R, Borque C, Garcia-Miguel MJ, De Jose Gómez MI. Prevalence of fat redistribution and metabolic disorders in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. Eur J Pediatr 2005;164:271-6. (Pubitemid 40613041)
11. Taylor P, Worrell C, Steinberg SM, Hazra R, Jankelevich S, Wood LV, Zwerski S, Yarchoan R, Zeichner S. Natural history of lipid abnormalities and fat redistribution among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children receiving long-term, protease inhibitor-containing, highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens. Pediatrics 2004;114:e235-42.
12. Viganò A, Mora S, Testolin C, Beccio S, Schneider L, Bricalli D, Vanzulli A, Manzoni P, Brambilla P. Increased lipodystrophy is associated with increased exposure to highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003;32:482-9.
13. Beregszaszi M, Dollfus C, Levine M, Faye A, Deghmoun S, Bellal N, Houang M, Chevenne D, Hankard R, Bresson JL, et al. Longitudinal evaluation and risk factors of lipodystrophy and associated metabolic changes in HIV-infected children. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005; 40:161-8. (Pubitemid 41395714)
14. Bockhorst JL, Ksseiry I, Toye M, Chipkin SR, Stechenberg BW, Fisher DJ, Allen HF. Evidence of human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipodystrophy syndrome in children treated with protease inhibitors. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2003;22:463-5. (Pubitemid 36578754)
15. Fontana M, Zuin G, Plebani A, Bastoni K, Visconti G, Principi N. Body composition in HIV-infected children: relations with disease progression and survival. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:1282-6. (Pubitemid 29252065)
16. Melvin AJ, Lennon S, Mohan KM, Purnell JQ. Metabolic abnormalities in HIV type 1-infected children treated and not treated with protease inhibitors. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2001;17:1117-23. (Pubitemid 32881578)
17. McGill HC Jr, McMahan CA, Gidding SS. Preventing heart disease in the 21st century: implications of the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) study. Circulation 2008;117:1216-27. (Pubitemid 351552015)
18. Morrison JA, Friedman LA, Gray-McGuire C. Metabolic syndrome in childhood predicts adult cardiovascular disease 25 years later: the Princeton Lipid Research Clinics Follow-up Study. Pediatrics 2007; 120:340-5. (Pubitemid 47219504)
19. Tresaco B, Moreno LA, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, Bueno G, Gonzalez-Gross M, Warnberg J, Gutierrez A, Garcia-Fuentes M, Marcos A, et al. Truncal and abdominal fat as determinants of high triglycerides and low HDL-cholesterol in adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009;17: 1086-91.
20. Jacobson DL, Knox TA, Spiegelman D, Skinner S, Gorbach SL,Wanke C. Prevalence, evolution and risk factors for fat atrophy and fat deposition in a cohort of HIV-infected men and women. Clin Infect Dis 2005;40:1837-45. (Pubitemid 40799956)
21. Bachetti P, Gripshover B, Grunfeld C, Heymsfield S, McCreath H, Osmond D, Saag M, Scherzer R, Shlipak M, Tien P. Fat distribution in men with HIV infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005;40:121-31. (Pubitemid 41395709)
22. Goulding A, Taylor RW, Gold E, Lewis-Barned NJ. Regional body fat distribution in relation to pubertal stage: a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry study of New Zealand girls and young women. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;64:546-51. (Pubitemid 26334232)
23. Taylor RW, Grant AM, Williams SM, Goulding A. Fat distribution in men with HIV infection.
24. Mihalopoulos NL, Holubkov R, Young P, Dai S, Labarthe DR. Expected changes in clinical measures of adiposity during puberty. J Adolesc Health 2010;47:360-6.
25. Vink EE, van Coeverden SC, van Mil EG, Felius BA, van Leerdam FJ, Delemarre-van de Waal HA. Changes and tracking of fat mass in pubertal girls. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2010;18:1247-51.
26. European Paediatric Lipodystrophy Group. Antiretroviral therapy, fat redistribution and hyperlipidaemia in HIV-infected children in Europe. AIDS 2004;18:1443-51.
27. Arpadi SM, Cuff PA, Horlick M, Wang J, Kotler DP. Lipodystrophy in HIV-infected children is associated with high viral load and low CD4+ -lymphocyte count and CD4+ -lymphocyte percentage at baseline and use of protease inhibitors and stavudine. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2001;27:30-4. (Pubitemid 32587239)
28. Aldrovandi GM, Lindsey JC, Jacobson DL, Zadzilka A, Sheeran E, Moye J, Borum P, Meyer WA 3rd, Hardin DS, Mulligan K, et al. Morphologic and metabolic abnormalities in vertically HIV-infected children and youth. AIDS 2009;23:661-72.
29. Arpadi SM, Bethel J, Horlick M, Sarr M, Bamji M, Abrams EJ, Purswani M, Engelson ES. Longitudinal changes in regional fat content in HIV-infected children and adolescents. AIDS 2009;23:1501-9.
30. Miller TL, Orav EJ, Lipshultz SE, Arheart KL, Duggan C, Weinberg GA, Bechard L, Furuta L, Nicchitta J, Gorbach SL, et al. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1. J Pediatr 2008;153:491-7.
31. Chantry CJ, Cervia JS, Hughes MD, Alvero C, Hodge J, Borum P, Moye J Jr; PACTG 1010 Team. Predictors of growth and body composition in HIV-infected children beginning or changing antiretroviral therapy. HIV Med 2010;11:573-83.
32. Newell ML, Borja MC, Peckham C, European Collaborative Study. Height, weight, and growth in children born to mothers with HIV-1 infection in Europe. Pediatrics 2003;111:e52-60.
33. Kuczmarski RJ, Ogden CL, Grummer-Strawn LM, Flegal KM, Guo SS, Wei R, Mei Z, Curtin LR, Roche AF, Johnson CL. CDC growth charts: United States. Adv Data 2000;314:1-27.
34. US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. NHANES III reference manuals and reports. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 1996.
35. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, Lamb MM, Flegal KM. Prevalence of high body mass index in US children and adolescents, 2007-2008. JAMA 2010;303:242-9.
36. Borrud LG, Flegal KM, Looker AC, Everhart JE, Harris TB, Shepherd JA. Body composition data for individuals 8 years of age and older: U. S. population, 1999-2004. Vital Health Stat 11 2010;250:1-87.
37. McGrath CJ, Chung MH, Richardson BA, Benki-Nugent S, Warui D, John-Stewart GC. Younger age at HAART initiation is associated with more rapid growth reconstitution. AIDS 2011;25:345-55.
38. Miller TL, Easley KA, Zhang W, Orav J, Bier DM, Luder E, Ting A, Shearer WT, Vargas JH, Lipshultz SE, et al. Maternal and infant factors associated with failure to thrive in children with vertically transmitted human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection: the prospective, P2C2 human immunodeficiency virus multicenter study. Pediatrics 2001;108:1287-96. (Pubitemid 33121470)
39. Skelton JA, Cook SR, Auinger P, Klein JD, Barlow SE. Prevalence and trends of severe obesity among US children and adolescents. Acad Pediatr 2009;9:322-9.
40. Shear CL, Freedman DS, Burke GL, Harsha DW, Berenson GS. Body fat patterning and blood pressure in children and young adults. The Bogalusa Heart Study. Hypertension 1987;9:236-44. (Pubitemid 17035226)
41. Freedman DS, Srinivasan SR, Harsha DW, Webber LS, Berenson GS. Relation of body fat patterning to lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1989;50:930-9. (Pubitemid 19280015)
42. Freedman DS, Serdula MK, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. Relation of circumferences and skinfold thicknesses to lipid and insulin concentrations in children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:308-17. (Pubitemid 29065556)
43. Mokha JS, Srinivasan SR, Dasmahapatra P, Fernandez C, Chen W, Xu J, Berenson GS. Utility of waist-to-height ratio in assessing the status of central obesity and related cardiometabolic risk profile among normal weight and overweight/obese children: the Bogalusa Heart Study. BMC Pediatr 2010;10:73.
44. Lawlor DA, Benfield L, Logue J, Tilling K, Howe LD, Fraser A, Cherry L, Watt P, Ness AR, Davey Smith G, et al. Association between general and central adiposity in childhood, and change in these, with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2010;341:c6224.
45. Viganò A, Aldrovandi GM, Giacomet V, Merlo M, Martelli L, Beretta S, Luraschi P, Rombola G, Mora S. Improvement in dyslipidaemia after switching stavudine to tenofovir and replacing protease inhibitors with efavirenz in HIV-infected children. Antivir Ther 2005;10:917-24.
46. Gerschenson M, Shiramizu B, LiButti DE, Shikuma CM. Mitochondrial DNA levels of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and subcutaneous adipose tissue from thigh, fat and abdomen of HIV-1 seropositive and negative individuals. Antivir Ther 2005;10(suppl 2):M83-9. (Pubitemid 41224944)
47. Dagan T, Sable C, Bray J, Gerschenson M. Mitochondrial dysfunction and antiretroviral nucleoside analog toxicities: what is the evidence? Mitochondrion 2002;1:397-412. (Pubitemid 34461239)
48. John M, McKinnon EJ, James IR, Nolan DA, Herrmann SE, Moore CB, White AJ, Mallal SA. Randomized, controlled, 48-week study of switching stavudine and/or protease inhibitors to combivir/abacavir to prevent or reverse lipoatrophy in HIV-infected patients. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003;33:29-33. (Pubitemid 36547238)
49. Carr A, Workman C, Smith DE, Hoy J, Hudson J, Doong N, Martin A, Amin J, Freund J, Law M, et al. Abacavir substitution for nucleoside analogs in patients with HIV lipoatrophy: a randomized trial. JAMA 2002;288:207-15. (Pubitemid 34755281)
50. Moyle GJ, Baldwin C, Langroudi B, Mandalia S, Gazzard BG. A 48-week, randomized, open-label comparison of three abacavir-based substitution approaches in the management of dyslipidemia and peripheral lipoatrophy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003;33:22-8. (Pubitemid 36547237)
51. Viganò A, Brambilla P, Cafarelli L, Giacomet V, Borgonovo S, Zamproni I, Zuccotti G, Mora S. Normalization of fat accrual in lipoatrophic, HIV-infected children switched from stavudine to tenofovir and from protease inhibitor to efavirenz. Antivir Ther 2007;12: 297-302.
52. Caron M, Auclair M, Sterlingot H, Kornprobst M, Capeau J. Some HIV protease inhibitors alter lamin A/C maturation and stability, SREBP-1 nuclear localization and adipocyte differentiation. AIDS 2003;17: 2437-44. (Pubitemid 38393315)
53. McComsey G, Bhumbra N, Ma JF, Rathore M, Alvarez A, First Pediatric Switch Study. Impact of protease inhibitor substitution with efavirenz in HIV-infected children: results of the First Pediatric Switch Study. Pediatrics 2003;111:e275-81.
54. Rodríguez de la Concepcion ML, Yubero P, Domingo JC, Iglesias R, Domingo P, Villarroya F, Giralt M. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors alter uncoupling protein-1 and mitochondrial biogenesis in brown adipocytes. Antivir Ther 2005;10:515-26.
55. Mira JA, Lozano F, Santos J, Ramayo E, Terron A, Palacios R, Leon EM, Marquez M, Macias J, Fernandez-Palacin A, et al. Gynaecomastia in HIV-infected men on highly active antiretroviral therapy: association with efavirenz and didanosine treatment. Antivir Ther 2004;9:511-7. (Pubitemid 39150208)
56. Siegel MJ, Hildebolt CF, Bae KT, Hong C, White NH. Total and intraabdominal fat distribution in preadolescents and adolescents: measurement with MR imaging. Radiology 2007;242:846-526.