Which rating scales are regarded as 'the standard' in clinical trials for schizophrenia? a critical review

Psychopharmacology Bulletin

Volumn 44, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 18-31

  Suzuki, Takefumi ^a  

^a KEIO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Clinical trials; Outcome; Rating scales; Review; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

ABNORMAL INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENT SCALE; ARTICLE; BARNES AKATHISIA SCALE; BRIEF PSYCHIATRIC RATING SCALE; CALGARY DEPRESSION SCALE FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA; CLINICAL GLOBAL IMPRESSION SCALE; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); COGNITION; EMOTIONAL DISORDER; EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYMPTOM; GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF FUNCTIONING; GLOBAL ASSESSMENT SCALE; HAMILTON SCALE; HUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PSYCHOLOGIC TEST; QUALITY OF LIFE; RATING SCALE; SCALE FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF NEGATIVE SYMPTOM; SCALE FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF POSITIVE SYMPTOM; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SIMPSON ANGUS SCALE; UDVALG FOR KLINISKE UNDERSOGELSER SIDE EFFECT RATING SCALE;

ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; HUMANS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

EID: 82155183118     PISSN: 00485764     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Tandon R, Nasrallah HA, Keshavan MS. Schizophrenia, "just the facts" 4. Clinical features and conceptualization. Schizophr Res. 2009;110(1-3):1-23.
2. Rush AJ, Pincus HA, First MB, Blacker D, Endicott J, Keith SJ, et al. (eds). Handbook of Psychiatric Measures. Washington DC, American Psychiatric Association, 2000.
3. Suzuki T, Uchida H, Watanabe K, Kashima H. Treatment target in schizophrenia: a critical review and a clinical suggestion. Psychopharmacol Bull. 2008;41(4):80-102.
4. Overall JE, Gorham DR. The brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS): recent development in ascertainment and scaling. Psychopahrmacol Bull. 1988;24(1):97-99.
5. Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13(2):261-276.
6. Guy W. ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology-Revised (DHEW Publ No ADM 76-338). Rockville, MD, U.S. Department of Heath, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, NIMH Psychopharmacology Research Branch, Division of Extramural Research Programs, 1976:218-222.
7. Andreasen NC. Scale for the Assessment ofNegative Symptoms (SANS). Iowa City, IA, University of Iowa, 1983.
8. Andreasen NC. Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS). Iowa City, IA, University of Iowa, 1984.
9. Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960 Feb;23:56-62.
10. Addington D, Addington J, Maticka-Tyndale E, Joyce J. Reliability and validity of a depression rating scale for schizophrenics. Schizophr Res. 1992;6(3):201-208.
11. Simpson GM, Angus JW. A rating scale for extrapyramidal side effects. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1970;212:11-19.
12. Guy W. ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology-Revised (DHEW Publ No ADM 76-338). Rockville, MD, U.S. Department of Heath, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, NIMH Psychopharmacology Research Branch, Division of Extramural Research Programs, 1976:534-537.
13. Barnes TR. A rating scale for drug-induced akathisia. Br J Psychiatry. 1989 May;154:672-676.
14. Chouinard G, Margolese HC. Manual for the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS). Schizophr Res. 2005;76(2-3):247-265.
15. Lingjaerde O, Ahlfors UG, Bech P, Dencker SJ, Elgen K. The UKU side effect rating scale. A new comprehensive rating scale for psychotropic drugs and a cross-sectional study of side effects in neuroleptic-treated patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1987;334:1-100.
16. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition. Washington DC, American Psychiatric Association, 1994.
17. Endicott J, Spitzer RL, Fleiss JL, Cohen J. The global assessment scale. A procedure for measuring overall severity of psychiatric disturbance. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976;33(6):766-771.
18. Heinrichs DW, Hanlon TE, Carpenter WT Jr. The Quality of Life Scale: an instrument for rating the schizophrenic deficit syndrome. Schizophr Bull. 1984;10(3):388-398.
19. Emsley R, Rabinowitz J, Torreman M; RIS-INT-35 Early Psychosis Global Working Group. The factor structure for the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in recent-onset psychosis. Schizophr Res. 2003;61(1):47-57.
20. Haro JM, Kamath SA, Ochoa S, Novick D, Rele K, Fargas A, Rodríguez MJ, Rele R, Orta J, Kharbeng A, Araya S, Gervin M, Alonso J, Mavreas V, Lavrentzou E, Liontos N, Gregor K, Jones PB. SOHO Study Group. The Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia scale: a simple instrument to measure the diversity of symptoms present in schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 2003;(416):16-23.
21. Suarez D, Haro JM. Overview of the findings from the European SOHO study. Expert Rev Neurother. 2008;8(6):873-880.
22. Buckley PF, Miller BJ, Lehrer DS, Castle DJ. Psychiatric comorbidities and schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2009;35(2):383-402.
23. Montgomery SA, Asberg M. A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. Br J Psychiatry. 1979 Apr;134:382-389.
24. Knol W, Keijsers CJ, Jansen PA, van Marum RJ. Systematic evaluation of rating scales for druginduced parkinsonism and recommendations for future research. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2010;30(1):57-63.
25. Inada T, Yagi G, Miura S. Extrapyramidal symptom profiles in Japanese patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine or haloperidol. Schizophr Res. 2002;57(2-3):227-238.
26. Hamer S, Haddad PM. Adverse effects of antipsychotics as outcome measures. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 2007 Aug;50:s64-70.
27. McIntyre RS. Understanding needs, interactions, treatment, and expectations among individuals affected by bipolar disorder or schizophrenia: the UNITE global survey. J Clin Psychiatry. 2009; 70 (3 Suppl.):5-11.
28. Marder SR, Essock SM, Miller AL, Buchanan RW, Casey DE, Davis JM, Kane JM, Lieberman JA, Schooler NR, Covell N, Stroup S, Weissman EM, Wirshing DA, Hall CS, Pogach L, Pi-Sunyer X, Bigger JT Jr, Friedman A, Kleinberg D, Yevich SJ, Davis B, Shon S. Physical health monitoring of patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(8):1334-1349.
29. Morosini PL, Magliano L, Brambilla L, Ugolini S, Pioli R. Development, reliability and acceptability of a new version of the DSM-IV Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) to assess routine social functioning. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2000;101(4):323-329.
30. Suzuki T, Uchida H, Nomura K, Takeuchi H, Nakajima S, Tanabe A, Yagi G, Watanabe K, Kashima H. Novel rating scales for schizophrenia-Targeted Inventory on Problems in Schizophrenia (TIP-Sz) and Functional Assessment for Comprehensive Treatment of Schizophrenia (FACT-Sz). Schizophr Res. 2008;106(2-3):328-336.
31. Suzuki T, Uchida H, Tanaka KF, Tomita M, Tsunoda K, Nomura K, Takano H, Tanabe A, Watanabe K, Yagi G, Kashima H. Reducing the dose of antipsychotic medications for those who had been treated with high-dose antipsychotic polypharmacy: an open study of dose reduction for chronic schizophrenia. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2003;18(6):323-329.
32. Suzuki T, Uchida H, Tanaka KF, Nomura K, Takano H, Tanabe A, Watanabe K, Yagi G, Kashima H. Revising polypharmacy to a single antipsychotic regimen for patients with chronic schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2004;7(2):133-142.
33. Suzuki T, Uchida H, Watanabe K, Yagi G, Kashima H. A clinical case series of switching from antipsychotic polypharmacy to monotherapy with a second-generation agent on patients with chronic schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2004;28(2):361-369.
34. Suzuki T, Uchida H, Takeuchi H, Nakajima S, Nomura K, Tanabe A, Yagi G, Watanabe K, Kashima H. Augmentation of atypical antipsychotics with valproic acid. An open-label study for most difficult patients with schizophrenia. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2009;24(8):628-638.
35. Shaffer D, Gould MS, Brasic J, Ambrosini P, Fisher P, Bird H, Aluwahlia S. A children's global assessment scale (CGAS). Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1983;40(11):1228-1231.
36. Patterson TL, Goldman S, McKibbin CL, Hughs T, Jeste DV. UCSD Performance-Based Skills Assessment: development of a new measure of everyday functioning for severely mentally ill adults. Schizophr Bull. 2001;27(2):235-245.
37. Mausbach BT, Moore R, Bowie C, Cardenas V, Patterson TL. A review of instruments for measuring functional recovery in those diagnosed with psychosis. Schizophr Bull. 2009;35(2):307-318.
38. Davis LW, Nees MA, Hunter NL, Lysaker PH. Hopelessness as a predictor of work functioning among patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatr Serv. 2004;55(4):434-436.
39. Nakagami E, Xie B, Hoe M, Brekke JS. Intrinsic motivation, neurocognition and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia: testing mediator and moderator effects. Schizophr Res. 2008;105(1-3): 95-104.
40. Naber D, Moritz S, Lambert M, Pajonk FG, Holzbach R, Mass R, Andresen B. Improvement of schizophrenic patients' subjective well-being under atypical antipsychotic drugs. Schizophr Res. 2001; 50(1-2):79-88.
41. Awad AG. Subjective response to neuroleptics in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1993;19(3):609-618.
42. Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30(6):473-483.
43. Ware J Jr, Kosinski M, Keller SD. A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Med Care. 1996;34(3):220-233.
44. World Health Organization. WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). 2004. http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/research_tools/whoqolbref/en/ Accessed on 16 December 2010.
45. Amador XF, Strauss DH, Yale SA, Flaum MM, Endicott J, Gorman JM. Assessment of insight in psychosis. Am J Psychiatry. 1993;150(6):873-879.
46. Adewuya AO, Makanjuola RO. Subjective life satisfaction and objective living conditions of patients with schizophrenia in Nigeria. Psychiatr Serv. 2010;61(3):314-316.
47. Brekke JS, Kohrt B, Green MF. Neuropsychological functioning as a moderator of the relationship between psychosocial functioning and the subjective experience of self and life in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2001;27(4):697-708.
48. Knapp M, Mangalore R. "The trouble with QALYs ". Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc. 2007;16(4):289-293.
49. Wolters HA, Knegtering H, van den Bosch RJ, Wiersma D. Effects and side effects of antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia: pros and cons of available self-rating scales. Schizophr Res. 2009;112(1-3):114-118.
50. Cotton SM, Gleeson JF, Alvarez-Jimenez M, McGorry PD. Quality of life in patients who have remitted from their first episode of psychosis. Schizophr Res. 2010;121(1-3):259-265.
51. Rosenheck R, Stroup S, Keefe RS, McEvoy J, Swartz M, Perkins D, Hsiao J, Shumway M, Lieberman J. Measuring outcome priorities and preferences in people with schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry. 2005 Dec;187:529-536.
52. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975;12(3):189-198.
53. Nuechterlein KH, Green MF, Kern RS, Baade LE, Barch DM, Cohen JD, Essock S, Fenton WS, Frese FJ 3rd, Gold JM, Goldberg T, Heaton RK, Keefe RS, Kraemer H, Mesholam-Gately R, Seidman LJ, Stover E, Weinberger DR, Young AS, Zalcman S, Marder SR. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, part 1: test selection, reliability, and validity. Am J Psychiatry. 2008; 165(2):203-213.
54. Randolph C, Tierney MC, Mohr E, Chase TN. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS): preliminary clinical validity. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1998;20(3):310-319.
55. Keefe RS, Goldberg TE, Harvey PD, Gold JM, Poe MP, Coughenour L. The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia: reliability, sensitivity, and comparison with a standard neurocognitive battery. Schizophr Res. 2004;68(2-3):283-297.
56. Suzuki T, Takeuchi H, Nakajima S, Nomura K, Uchida H, Yagi G, Watanabe K, Kashima H. Magnitude of rater differences in assessment scales for schizophrenia. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2010;30(5):607-611.
57. Tandon R, Devellis RF, Han J, Li H, Frangou S, Dursun S, Beuzen JN, Carson W, Corey-Lisle PK, Falissard B, Jody DN, Kujawa MJ, L'italien G, Marcus RN, McQuade RD, Ray S, Van Peborgh P; IAQ Validation Study Group. Validation of the Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire, a new clinical tool for relative assessment of response to antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2005;136(2-3):211-221.