메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 87, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 1345-1364

China and global oil: Vulnerability and opportunity

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 82055191961     PISSN: 00205850     EISSN: 14682346     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2346.2011.01040.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (33)

References (72)
  • 1
    • 84908933884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • development of the arguments in this article
    • Philip Andrews-Speed and Roland Dannreuther, China, oil and global politics (London: Routledge, 2011).
    • For further, more detailed development of the arguments in this article, see Philip Andrews-Speed and Roland Dannreuther, China, oil and global politics (London: Routledge, 2011).
  • 2
    • 79959857282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overseas investments by Chinese oil companies (Paris: International Energy Agency
    • J. Jiang and J. Sinton, Overseas investments by Chinese oil companies (Paris: International Energy Agency, 2011), p. 8.
    • (2011) , pp. 8
    • Jiang, J.1    Sinton, J.2
  • 3
    • 82055204864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bo Kong, China's international petroleum policy (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Security International
    • Bo Kong, China's international petroleum policy (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Security International, 2010), pp. 65-7.
    • (2010) , pp. 65-7
  • 4
    • 82055204862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FACTS Global Energy, 'China's overseas oil and gas investment: recent developments'
    • no. 33, Dec. Equity oil is that proportion of production that a concession owner has the legal and contractual right to retain.
    • FACTS Global Energy, 'China's overseas oil and gas investment: recent developments', China Energy Series: Gas Edition, no. 33, Dec. 2009. Equity oil is that proportion of production that a concession owner has the legal and contractual right to retain.
    • (2009) China Energy Series: Gas Edition.
  • 5
    • 82055178020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • both sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America trade with China has increased roughly tenfold in the decade from 2000
    • growing in Africa from US$6.5 billion in 1999 to US$106.8 billion in 2008 and in Latin America from US$12.6 billion in 2000 to US$111.5 billion in.
    • In both sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America trade with China has increased roughly tenfold in the decade from 2000, growing in Africa from US$6.5 billion in 1999 to US$106.8 billion in 2008 and in Latin America from US$12.6 billion in 2000 to US$111.5 billion in 2008.
    • (2008)
  • 6
    • 2142639763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The strategic implications of China's energy needs
    • Adelphi Paper 346 (London: International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2002); K. G. Lieberthal and M. Herberg, 'China's search for energy security: implications for US policy', NBR Analysis 17:.
    • P. Andrews-Speed, X. Liao and R. Dannreuther, The strategic implications of China's energy needs, Adelphi Paper 346 (London: International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2002); K. G. Lieberthal and M. Herberg, 'China's search for energy security: implications for US policy', NBR Analysis 17: 1, 2006, pp. 5-42.
    • (2006) , vol.1 , pp. 5-42
    • Andrews-Speed, P.1    Liao, X.2    Dannreuther, R.3
  • 7
    • 82055170113 scopus 로고
    • The many Chinese sources which made this argument between 1995 and 2001 include: State Planning Commission
    • '95 Energy Report of China (Beijing: State Planning Commission.
    • The many Chinese sources which made this argument between 1995 and 2001 include: State Planning Commission, '95 Energy Report of China (Beijing: State Planning Commission, 1995)
    • (1995)
  • 8
    • 84908902245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Situations of the oil market in the Middle East and the concept of China's use of Middle East energy resources', West Asia and Africa
    • (in Chinese)
    • B. An, 'Situations of the oil market in the Middle East and the concept of China's use of Middle East energy resources', West Asia and Africa, vol. 4, 1996, pp. 63-5 (in Chinese).
    • (1996) , vol.4 , pp. 63-5
    • An, B.1
  • 9
    • 84897528780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'China's oil security strategy should be based on "going out"'
    • (in Chinese).
    • H. Chen, 'China's oil security strategy should be based on "going out"', Review of Economic Research, vol. 25, 2001, pp. 2-5 (in Chinese).
    • (2001) Review of Economic Research , vol.25 , pp. 2-5
    • Chen, H.1
  • 10
    • 82055162635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'US says China must address its intentions: how its power is used is of concern'
    • Reported in G. Kessler. Washington Post, 22 Sept. 2005.
    • Reported in G. Kessler, 'US says China must address its intentions: how its power is used is of concern', Washington Post, 22 Sept. 2005.
  • 11
    • 82055178023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York Times, 7 July 2005. For a good overview of the UNOCAL incident that links it to other US-Chinese crises
    • New York Times, 7 July 2005. For a good overview of the UNOCAL incident that links it to other US-Chinese crises
  • 12
    • 82055162636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China: fragile superpower (Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • S. L. Shirk, China: fragile superpower (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. 249-51.
    • (2007) , pp. 249-51
    • Shirk, S.L.1
  • 13
    • 33744915810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'The African "gold rush" and American national security'
    • Third World Quarterly 27:.
    • See e.g. M. Klare and D. Volman, 'The African "gold rush" and American national security', Third World Quarterly 27: 4, 2006, pp. 609-28
    • (2006) , vol.4 , pp. 609-28
    • Klare, M.1    Volman, D.2
  • 14
    • 34547595966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'From China with love: PRC overtures with Latin America'
    • J. T. Dreyer, 'From China with love: PRC overtures with Latin America', Brown Journal of World Affairs 12: 2, 2006, pp. 85-98.
    • (2006) Brown Journal of World Affairs 12. , vol.2 , pp. 85-98
    • Dreyer, J.T.1
  • 15
    • 82055178018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Business Day, 6 Jan. 2007, quoted in I. Taylor, China's new role in Africa (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2009).
    • Business Day, 6 Jan. 2007, quoted in I. Taylor, China's new role in Africa (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2009), p. 2.
  • 16
    • 2142659375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'The Chinese energy security debate'
    • E. S. Downs, 'The Chinese energy security debate', China Quarterly, vol. 177, 2004, pp. 21-41
    • (2004) China Quarterly , vol.177 , pp. 21-41
    • Downs, E.S.1
  • 17
    • 58249136250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'The roots of Chinese oil investment abroad'
    • T. Houser, 'The roots of Chinese oil investment abroad', Asia Policy, vol. 5, 2008, pp. 141-66.
    • (2008) Asia Policy , vol.5 , pp. 141-66
    • Houser, T.1
  • 18
    • 82055170101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jiang and Sinton, Overseas investments by Chinese oil companies
    • Jiang and Sinton, Overseas investments by Chinese oil companies, p. 17
  • 19
    • 82055162622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Crisis Group, 'China's thirst for oil', Asia Report 153, 9 June 2008.
    • International Crisis Group, 'China's thirst for oil', Asia Report 153, 9 June 2008.
  • 20
    • 82055178013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speech before 6th Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM), Helsinki, 10-11 Sept.
    • Speech before 6th Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM), Helsinki, 10-11 Sept. 2006.
    • (2006)
  • 21
    • 82055178017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Energy, Section 1837: national security review of international energy requirements (Washington DC, Feb. 2006).
    • US Department of Energy, Section 1837: national security review of international energy requirements (Washington DC, Feb. 2006).
  • 22
    • 44349098560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Competing for markets and influence: Asian national oil companies in Eurasia'
    • For the example of Kazakhstan, see C. E. Ziegler, 'Competing for markets and influence: Asian national oil companies in Eurasia', Asian Perspective 32: 1, 2008, pp. 129-63.
    • (2008) Asian Perspective 32. , vol.1 , pp. 129-63
    • Ziegler, C.E.1
  • 23
    • 82055162633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China, Darfur and the Olympics: tarnishing the torch (New York: Dream for Darfur, 2007).
    • E. Reeves, China, Darfur and the Olympics: tarnishing the torch (New York: Dream for Darfur, 2007).
    • Reeves, E.1
  • 24
    • 82055204853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quoted in R. McGregor, 'China's diplomacy "hijacked" by big companies', Financial Times, 16 March 2008.
    • Quoted in R. McGregor, 'China's diplomacy "hijacked" by big companies', Financial Times, 16 March 2008.
  • 25
    • 34547605446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Sino-American energy cooperation', Journal of Contemporary China 16.
    • J. T. Dreyer, 'Sino-American energy cooperation', Journal of Contemporary China 16: 52, 2007, pp. 461-76.
    • (2007) , vol.52 , pp. 461-76
    • Dreyer, J.T.1
  • 26
    • 50649125635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Promoting energy partnership in Beijing and Washington'
    • Washington Quarterly 30:.
    • D. Zha and W. Hu, 'Promoting energy partnership in Beijing and Washington', Washington Quarterly 30: 4, 2007, pp. 105-15.
    • (2007) , vol.4 , pp. 105-15
    • Zha, D.1    Hu, W.2
  • 27
    • 82055204857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint statement by the National Energy Administration of the People's Republic of China and the International Energy Agency, Paris, 14 Oct. 2009, accessed 14 Feb. 2010.
    • Joint statement by the National Energy Administration of the People's Republic of China and the International Energy Agency, Paris, 14 Oct. 2009, http://www.iea.org/journalists/ministerial2009/joint_statement_cn.pdf, accessed 14 Feb. 2010.
  • 28
    • 82055178014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy policy and regulation in the People's Republic of China (London: Kluwer Law, 2004).
    • P. Andrews-Speed, Energy policy and regulation in the People's Republic of China (London: Kluwer Law, 2004).
    • Andrews-Speed, P.1
  • 29
    • 82055170105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Andrews-Speed, Energy policy and regulation
    • Andrews-Speed, Energy policy and regulation
  • 30
    • 82055178022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China's oil industry and market (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1999).
    • H. H. Wang, China's oil industry and market (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1999).
    • Wang, H.H.1
  • 31
    • 82055204856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'National oil company reform from the perspective of its relationship with government: the case of China'
    • PhD diss., Centre for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy, University of Dundee, Aug. 2008.
    • X. Ma, 'National oil company reform from the perspective of its relationship with government: the case of China', PhD diss., Centre for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy, University of Dundee, Aug. 2008.
    • Ma, X.1
  • 32
    • 82055162619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'China's top oil producer expands war chest'
    • Financial Times, 10 Sept. 2009.
    • J. Lau and G. Dyer, 'China's top oil producer expands war chest', Financial Times, 10 Sept. 2009.
    • Lau, J.1    Dyer, G.2
  • 33
    • 82055162630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It is important to keep Chinese investment in perspective and not to exaggerate its magnitude. In 2008 alone, ExxonMobil, Shell and BP invested roughly $20 billion each; the estimated total investments of Chinese NOCs over the 18 years of expansion up to mid-2010 amount to only US$80 billion.
    • It is important to keep Chinese investment in perspective and not to exaggerate its magnitude. In 2008 alone, ExxonMobil, Shell and BP invested roughly $20 billion each; the estimated total investments of Chinese NOCs over the 18 years of expansion up to mid-2010 amount to only US$80 billion.
  • 34
    • 3142632904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Beijing Consensus (London: Foreign Policy Centre, 2004)
    • J. C. Ramo, The Beijing Consensus (London: Foreign Policy Centre, 2004)
    • Ramo, J.C.1
  • 35
    • 82055178015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rising to the challenge: China's grand strategy and international security (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2005).
    • A. Goldstein, Rising to the challenge: China's grand strategy and international security (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2005).
    • Goldstein, A.1
  • 36
    • 25644440578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Soft balancing against the United States'
    • International Security 30.
    • On the idea of 'soft balancing', see R. A. Pape, 'Soft balancing against the United States', International Security 30: 1, 2005, pp. 7-45.
    • (2005) , vol.1 , pp. 7-45
    • Pape, R.A.1
  • 37
    • 25644444403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Hard times for soft balancing'
    • International Security 30:.
    • S. G. Brooks and W. C. Wohlforth, 'Hard times for soft balancing', International Security 30: 1, 2005, pp. 72-108.
    • (2005) , vol.1 , pp. 72-108
    • Brooks, S.G.1    Wohlforth W., C.2
  • 38
    • 34547546702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Russia and China: converging responses to globalization', International Affairs 83: 4, July 2007
    • See e.g. P. Ferdinand, 'Russia and China: converging responses to globalization', International Affairs 83: 4, July 2007, pp. 655-800
    • Ferdinand, P.1
  • 39
    • 85011184145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'The strategic convergence between Russia and China'
    • Survival 39:.
    • R. Menon, 'The strategic convergence between Russia and China', Survival 39: 2, 1997, pp. 101-25.
    • (1997) , vol.2 , pp. 101-25
    • Menon, R.1
  • 40
    • 82055178021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Shanghai cooperation organisation', Ministry of Foreign Affairs of PRC, 1 July 2004, accessed 4 Oct. 2011.
    • 'Shanghai cooperation organisation', Ministry of Foreign Affairs of PRC, 1 July 2004, http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/topics/sco/t57970.htm, accessed 4 Oct. 2011.
  • 41
    • 82055170110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bear watches the dragon: Russian perceptions of China and the evolution of Russia-Chinese relations since the eighteenth century (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2003).
    • For a good analysis, see A. Lukin, The bear watches the dragon: Russian perceptions of China and the evolution of Russia-Chinese relations since the eighteenth century (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2003).
    • Lukin, A.1
  • 42
    • 70449589416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quoted in R. Menon, 'The limits of Chinese-Russian partnership', Survival 51:.
    • Quoted in R. Menon, 'The limits of Chinese-Russian partnership', Survival 51: 3, 2009, p. 102.
    • (2009) , vol.3
  • 43
    • 82055162634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axis of convenience: Moscow, Beijing and the new geopolitics (Washington DC: Brookings, 2008)
    • B. Lo, Axis of convenience: Moscow, Beijing and the new geopolitics (Washington DC: Brookings, 2008).
    • Lo, B.1
  • 44
    • 82055204859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • La Chine et la Russie: entre convergences et méfiance (Paris: UNICOMM, 2008).
    • For a similarly comprehensive study, see J.-P. Cabestan, S. Colin, I. Facon and M. Meidan, La Chine et la Russie: entre convergences et méfiance (Paris: UNICOMM, 2008).
    • Cabestan, J.-P.1    Colin, S.2    Facon, I.3    Meidan, M.4
  • 45
    • 82055162632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cabestan et al., La Chine et la Russie.
    • Cabestan et al., La Chine et la Russie, p. 49.
  • 46
    • 32044468715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'The Russian oil industry between public and private governance: obstacles to international oil companies' investment strategies'
    • C. Locatelli, 'The Russian oil industry between public and private governance: obstacles to international oil companies' investment strategies', Energy Policy 34: 9, 2006, pp. 1975-85.
    • (2006) Energy Policy 34:. , vol.9 , pp. 1975-85
    • Locatelli, C.1
  • 47
    • 33745783950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Russia's energy policy, 1992-2005', Eurasian Geography and Economics 47:.
    • V. Milov, L. L. Coburn and I. Damchenko, 'Russia's energy policy, 1992-2005', Eurasian Geography and Economics 47: 3, 2006, pp. 285-313.
    • (2006) , vol.3 , pp. 285-313
    • Milov, V.1    Coburn, L.L.2    Damchenko, I.3
  • 48
    • 82055204851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'The Russian-Chinese oil politik', Comparative Connections 5: 3.
    • Yu Bin, 'The Russian-Chinese oil politik', Comparative Connections 5: 3, 2003, p. 139.
    • (2003) , pp. 139
    • Bin, Y.1
  • 49
    • 82055162627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lo, Axis of convenience.
    • Lo, Axis of convenience, p. 144.
  • 50
    • 82055204850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Russia's evolving energy policy for its eastern regions, and implications for oil and gas cooperation between Russia and China', Journal of World Energy Law and Policy 2: 3.
    • For a good overall analysis of these shifts in Russian energy policy, see L. Eder, P. Andrews-Speed and A. Korzhubaev, 'Russia's evolving energy policy for its eastern regions, and implications for oil and gas cooperation between Russia and China', Journal of World Energy Law and Policy 2: 3, 2009, pp. 219-41.
    • (2009) , pp. 219-41
    • Eder, L.1    Andrews-Speed, P.2    Korzhubaev, A.3
  • 51
    • 82055162625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'The dilemmas of China's energy governance: recentralisation and regional cooperation', China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly 3: 3.
    • G. Christofferson, 'The dilemmas of China's energy governance: recentralisation and regional cooperation', China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly 3: 3, 2005, pp. 56-60.
    • (2005) , pp. 56-60
    • Christofferson, G.1
  • 52
    • 82055178016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Slavneft will not be given to the Chinese communists'
    • Kommersant, 16 Dec. 2002.
    • D. Baturin, 'Slavneft will not be given to the Chinese communists', Kommersant, 16 Dec. 2002.
    • Baturin, D.1
  • 53
    • 82055204858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Andrews-Speed et al., The strategic implications of China's energy needs.
    • Andrews-Speed et al., The strategic implications of China's energy needs, pp. 53-7.
  • 54
    • 82055162631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Andrews-Speed et al., The strategic implications of China's energy needs.
    • Andrews-Speed et al., The strategic implications of China's energy needs, p. 58.
  • 55
    • 82055170112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kazakhstan's gas: export markets and export routes (Oxford: Oxford Institute for Energy Studies.
    • S. Yenikeyeff, Kazakhstan's gas: export markets and export routes (Oxford: Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2008), p. 16.
    • (2008) , pp. 16
    • Yenikeyeff, S.1
  • 56
    • 33750409717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'China and the institutionalization of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization', Problems of Post-Communism 53: 5.
    • For a good overview of the SCO, see C.-P. Chung, 'China and the institutionalization of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization', Problems of Post-Communism 53: 5, 2006, pp. 3-14.
    • (2006) , pp. 3-14
    • Chung, C.-P.1
  • 57
    • 82055162624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rossiya-Kitai: Perspecktivy razvitiya vzaimootnoshenii v kontektse mirovogo krizisa [Russia-China: perspectives on the development of mutual relations in the context of global crisis] (Moscow: Centre for Political Information.
    • See e.g. Rossiya-Kitai: Perspecktivy razvitiya vzaimootnoshenii v kontektse mirovogo krizisa [Russia-China: perspectives on the development of mutual relations in the context of global crisis] (Moscow: Centre for Political Information, 2008), p. 17.
    • (2008) , pp. 17
  • 58
    • 85044803756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'China's maritime security and the "Malacca Dilemma"', Asian Studies 4.
    • M. Lanteigne, 'China's maritime security and the "Malacca Dilemma"', Asian Studies 4: 2, 2008, pp. 143-161.
    • (2008) , vol.2 , pp. 143-161
    • Lanteigne, M.1
  • 59
    • 82055170103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Chinese naval analysts consider the energy question', in G. Collins, A. Erickson, L. Goldstein and W. Murray, eds, Maritime implications of China's energy strategy: interim report (Newport, RI: Chinese Maritime Studies Institute, 2006).
    • G. Collins, A. Erickson and L. Goldstein, 'Chinese naval analysts consider the energy question', in G. Collins, A. Erickson, L. Goldstein and W. Murray, eds, Maritime implications of China's energy strategy: interim report (Newport, RI: Chinese Maritime Studies Institute, 2006).
    • Collins, G.1    Erickson, A.2    Goldstein, L.3
  • 60
    • 82055170109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Decision-making in triplicate: China and the three Iraqi wars', in A. Scobell and L. Wortzel, eds, Chinese decisionmaking under stress (Carlisle: Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College.
    • Y. Shichor, 'Decision-making in triplicate: China and the three Iraqi wars', in A. Scobell and L. Wortzel, eds, Chinese decisionmaking under stress (Carlisle: Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College, 2005), pp. 185-222.
    • (2005) , pp. 185-222
    • Shichor, Y.1
  • 61
    • 82055170102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saudi Arabia's relations with China and Asia and prospects for the future, NBR Research Conference Report (Washington: National Bureau of Asian Research, Oct.
    • J.-F. Seznec, Saudi Arabia's relations with China and Asia and prospects for the future, NBR Research Conference Report (Washington: National Bureau of Asian Research, Oct. 2009), pp. 41-52.
    • (2009) , pp. 41-52
    • Seznec, J.-F.1
  • 62
    • 82055204854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'China now largest investor in Iraq oil and gas', Middle East Economic Digest, 19 March 2010.
    • 'China now largest investor in Iraq oil and gas', Middle East Economic Digest, 19 March 2010.
  • 63
    • 82055204855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Clinton turns the tables on Tehran over sanctions', Financial Times, 19 May 2010.
    • D. Dombey and H. Morris, 'Clinton turns the tables on Tehran over sanctions', Financial Times, 19 May 2010.
    • Dombey, D.1    Morris, H.2
  • 64
    • 82055170111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resource wars: the new landscape of global conflict (New York: Henry Holt, 2001)
    • M. Klare, Resource wars: the new landscape of global conflict (New York: Henry Holt, 2001), pp. 109-27.
    • Klare, M.1
  • 65
    • 62449240757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Center stage for the 21st century: rivalry in the Indian Ocean', Foreign Affairs 88: 2.
    • R. D. Kaplan, 'Center stage for the 21st century: rivalry in the Indian Ocean', Foreign Affairs 88: 2, 2009, pp. 16-32.
    • (2009) , pp. 16-32
    • Kaplan, R.D.1
  • 67
    • 82055170108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Energy security and India-China cooperation', International Association for Energy Newsletter, 2010.
    • B. K. Singh, 'Energy security and India-China cooperation', International Association for Energy Newsletter, 2010.
    • Singh, B.K.1
  • 68
    • 82055170107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • China's international behaviour: activism, opportunism and diversification (Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporation.
    • E. S. Medeiros, China's international behaviour: activism, opportunism and diversification (Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporation, 2009), pp. 130-31.
    • (2009) , pp. 130-31
    • Medeiros, E.S.1
  • 69
    • 82055162629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • String of pearls: meeting the challenge of China's rising power across the littoral (Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, 2006).
    • C. J. Pehrson, String of pearls: meeting the challenge of China's rising power across the littoral (Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, 2006).
    • Pehrson, C.J.1
  • 70
    • 0031752701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'China's militarised interstate dispute behaviour, 1949-1992: a first cut at the data', China Quarterly.
    • A. I. Johnston, 'China's militarised interstate dispute behaviour, 1949-1992: a first cut at the data', China Quarterly, vol. 153, 1998, p. 2.
    • (1998) , vol.153 , pp. 2
    • Johnston, A.I.1
  • 71
    • 82055162623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Aircraft carriers: China's emerging maritime ambitions', RSIS Commentaries, 7 April.
    • R. I. Bitzinger, 'Aircraft carriers: China's emerging maritime ambitions', RSIS Commentaries, 7 April 2009.
    • (2009)
    • Bitzinger, R.I.1
  • 72
    • 82055162628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'China's navy's new strategy in action'
    • IISS Strategic Comments 16: 6.
    • 'China's navy's new strategy in action', IISS Strategic Comments 16: 6, 2010.
    • (2010)


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.