Phenotyping interindividual variability in obstructive sleep apnoea response to temazepam using ventilatory chemoreflexes during wakefulness

Journal of Sleep Research

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 526-532

  Wang, David ^a,b   Marshall, Nathaniel S ^b   Duffin, James ^c   Yee, Brendon J ^a,b   Wong, Keith K ^a,b   Noori, Nargis ^b   Ng, Susanna S W ^d   Grunstein, Ronald R ^a,b  

^a ROYAL PRINCE ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^d CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Chemosensitivity; Phenotype; Sleep apnoea; Ventilatory chemoreflex

Indexed keywords

PLACEBO; TEMAZEPAM;

ADULT; APNEA HYPOPNEA INDEX; ARTICLE; BREATHING; CHEMORECEPTOR REFLEX; CHEMOSENSITIVITY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; HUMAN; HYPNOSIS; MALE; OXYGEN SATURATION; PHENOTYPE; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SEDATION; SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME; WAKEFULNESS;

ADULT; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; HUMANS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; MALE; PHENOTYPE; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; RESPIRATION; SLEEP; SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE; TEMAZEPAM; WAKEFULNESS;

EID: 81255185363     PISSN: 09621105     EISSN: 13652869     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2011.00931.x     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. AASM Task Force. Sleep-related breathing disorders in adults: recommendations for syndrome definition and measurement technique in clinical research. Sleep, 1999, 22: 667-689.
2. American Sleep Disorders Association. EEG arousals: scoring rules and examples: a preliminary report from the Sleep Disorders Atlas Task Force of the American Sleep Disorders Association. Sleep, 1992, 15: 173-184.
3. Carley, D. W., Olopade, C., Ruigt, G. S. and Radulovacki, M. Efficacy of mirtazapine in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep, 2007, 30: 35-41.
4. Casale, M., Pappacena, M., Rinaldi, V., Bressi, F., Baptista, P. and Salvinelli, F. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: from phenotype to genetic basis. Curr. Genomics, 2009, 10: 119-126.
5. Dempsey, J. A., Smith, C. A., Przybylowski, T. et al. The ventilatory responsiveness to CO(2) below eupnoea as a determinant of ventilatory stability in sleep. J. Physiol., 2004, 560: 1-11.
6. Dempsey, J. A., Veasey, S. C., Morgan, B. J. and O'Donnell, C. P. Pathophysiology of sleep apnea. Physiol. Rev., 2010, 90: 47-112.
7. Duffin, J. Measuring the ventilatory response to hypoxia. J. Physiol., 2007, 584: 285-293.
8. Duffin, J., Mohan, R. M., Vasiliou, P., Stephenson, R. and Mahamed, S. A model of the chemoreflex control of breathing in humans: model parameters measurement. Respir. Physiol., 2000, 120: 13-26.
9. Eckert, D. J., Malhotra, A., Lo, Y. L., White, D. P. and Jordan, A. S. The influence of obstructive sleep apnea and gender on genioglossus activity during rapid eye movement sleep. Chest, 2009, 135: 957-964.
10. Grunstein, R. R., Ho, K. K. and Sullivan, C. E. Effect of octreotide, a somatostatin analog, on sleep apnea in patients with acromegaly. Ann. Intern. Med., 1994, 121: 478-483.
11. Hedner, J., Grote, L. and Zou, D. Pharmacological treatment of sleep apnea: current situation and future strategies. Sleep Med. Rev., 2008, 12: 33-47.
12. Hoijer, U., Hedner, J., Ejnell, H., Grunstein, R., Odelberg, E. and Elam, M. Nitrazepam in patients with sleep apnoea: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Eur. Respir. J., 1994, 7: 2011-2015.
13. Hudgel, D. W., Gordon, E. A., Thanakitcharu, S. and Bruce, E. N. Instability of ventilatory control in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 1998, 158: 1142-1149.
14. Isono, S., Remmers, J. E., Tanaka, A., Sho, Y., Sato, J. and Nishino, T. Anatomy of pharynx in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and in normal subjects. J. Appl. Physiol., 1997, 82: 1319-1326.
15. Khoo, M. C. Determinants of ventilatory instability and variability. Respir. Physiol., 2000, 122: 167-182.
16. Lloyd, B. B. The interactions between hypoxia and other ventilatory stimuli. In: J. D. Hatcher and D. B. Jennings (Eds) Proceedings of the International Symposium on Cardiovascular and Respiratory Effects of Hypoxia. Karger, Basel, 1966.
17. Loewen, A., Ostrowski, M., Laprairie, J. et al. Determinants of ventilatory instability in obstructive sleep apnea: inherent or acquired? Sleep, 2009, 32: 1355-1365.
18. Longobardo, G. S., Evangelisti, C. J. and Cherniack, N. S. Analysis of the interplay between neurochemical control of respiration and upper airway mechanics producing upper airway obstruction during sleep in humans. Exp. Physiol., 2008, 93: 271-287.
19. Marshall, N. S., Yee, B. J., Desai, A. V. et al. Two randomized placebo-controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of mirtazapine for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep, 2008, 31: 824-831.
20. Mateika, J. H., Omran, Q., Rowley, J. A., Zhou, X. S., Diamond, M. P. and Badr, M. S. Treatment with leuprolide acetate decreases the threshold of the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide in healthy males. J. Physiol., 2004, 561: 637-646.
21. Read, D. J. A clinical method for assessing the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Australas. Ann. Med., 1967, 16: 20-32.
22. Rechtschaffen, A. and Kales, A. A Manual of Standardized Terminology, Techniques and Scoring Systems for Sleep Stages of Human Subjects. Public Health Services, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1968.
23. Redline, S. and Tishler, P. V. The genetics of sleep apnea. Sleep Med. Rev., 2000, 4: 583-602.
24. Riha, R. L., Gislasson, T. and Diefenbach, K. The phenotype and genotype of adult obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome. Eur. Respir. J., 2009, 33: 646-655.
25. Rosenberg, R., Roach, J. M., Scharf, M. and Amato, D. A. A pilot study evaluating acute use of eszopiclone in patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Med., 2007, 8: 464-470.
26. Verbraecken, J., De Backer, W., Willemen, M., De Cock, W., Wittesaele, W. and Van de, H. Chronic CO2 drive in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and effect of CPAP. Respir. Physiol., 1995, 101: 279-287.
27. Wang, D., Grunstein, R. R. and Teichtahl, H. Association between ventilatory response to hypercapnia and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea index in asymptomatic subjects. Sleep Breath., 2007, 11: 103-108.
28. Weaver, T. E. and Grunstein, R. R. Adherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy: the challenge to effective treatment. Proc. Am. Thorac. Soc., 2008, 5: 173-178.
29. Wellman, A., Jordan, A. S., Malhotra, A. et al. Ventilatory control and airway anatomy in obstructive sleep apnea. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2004, 170: 1225-1232.
30. Wellman, A., Malhotra, A., Jordan, A. S., Stevenson, K. E., Gautam, S. and White, D. P. Effect of oxygen in obstructive sleep apnea: role of loop gain. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol., 2008, 162: 144-151.
31. White, D. P. Pathogenesis of obstructive and central sleep apnea. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2005, 172: 1363-1370.
32. White, D. P., Douglas, N. J., Pickett, C. K., Weil, J. V. and Zwillich, C. W. Sexual influence on the control of breathing. J. Appl. Physiol. Resp. Environ. Exerc. Physiol., 1983, 54: 874-879.
33. Younes, M. Contributions of upper airway mechanics and control mechanisms to severity of obstructive apnea. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2003, 168: 645-658.
34. Younes, M. Role of respiratory control mechanisms in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep disorders. J. Appl. Physiol., 2008, 105: 1389-1405.
35. Younes, M., Ostrowski, M., Thompson, W., Leslie, C. and Shewchuk, W. Chemical control stability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2001, 163: 1181-1190.