메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 322-334

A review of renal, cardiovascular and mortality endpoints in antihypertensive trials in diabetic patients

Author keywords

cardiovascular risk; hypertension; proteinuria; renal disease; reninangiotensinaldosterone system; type 2 diabetes

Indexed keywords

AMLODIPINE; AMLODIPINE PLUS BENAZEPRIL; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; ATENOLOL; BENAZEPRIL PLUS HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CANDESARTAN; CAPTOPRIL; CHLORTALIDONE; DIURETIC AGENT; DOXAZOSIN; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; INDAPAMIDE PLUS PERINDOPRIL; IRBESARTAN; LISINOPRIL; LOSARTAN; OLMESARTAN; PERINDOPRIL; PLACEBO; RAMIPRIL; TELMISARTAN; THIAZIDE DIURETIC AGENT;

EID: 81255165763     PISSN: 08037051     EISSN: 16511999     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/08037051.2011.602878     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (8)

References (80)
  • 2
    • 0141468244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: A statement from the american heart association councils on kidney in cardiovascular disease high blood pressure research clinical cardiology and epidemiology and prevention
    • Sarnak MJ, Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, Coresh J, Culleton B, Hamm LL, et al. Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: A statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention. Circulation. 2003;108:2154-2169.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 2154-2169
    • Sarnak, M.J.1    Levey, A.S.2    Schoolwerth, A.C.3    Coresh, J.4    Culleton, B.5    Hamm, L.L.6
  • 3
    • 34748862301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microalbuminuria and cardiovascular disease
    • Weir MR. Microalbuminuria and cardiovascular disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;2:581-590.
    • (2007) Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. , vol.2 , pp. 581-590
    • Weir, M.R.1
  • 4
    • 47649118790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic kidney disease prevalence of premature cardiovascular disease and relationship to short-term mortality
    • McCullough PA, Li S, Jurkovitz CT, Stevens L, Collins AJ, Chen SC, et al. Chronic kidney disease, prevalence of premature cardiovascular disease, and relationship to short-term mortality. Am Heart J. 2008;156:277-283.
    • (2008) Am. Heart J. , vol.156 , pp. 277-283
    • McCullough, P.A.1    Li, S.2    Jurkovitz, C.T.3    Stevens, L.4    Collins, A.J.5    Chen, S.C.6
  • 5
    • 67649652168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular implications of proteinuria: An indicator of chronic kidney disease
    • Agrawal V, Marinescu V, Agarwal M, McCullough PA. Cardiovascular implications of proteinuria: An indicator of chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2009;6:301-311.
    • (2009) Nat. Rev. Cardiol. , vol.6 , pp. 301-311
    • Agrawal, V.1    Marinescu, V.2    Agarwal, M.3    McCullough, P.A.4
  • 6
    • 77953291706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of estimated glomerular fi ltration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: A collaborative meta-analysis
    • Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium
    • Chronic Kidney Disease Prognosis Consortium, Matsushita K, van der Velde M, Astor BC, Woodward M, Levey AS, et al. Association of estimated glomerular fi ltration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: A collaborative meta-analysis. Lancet. 2010; 375:2073-2081.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 2073-2081
    • Matsushita, K.1    Van Der Velde, M.2    Astor, B.C.3    Woodward, M.4    Levey, A.S.5
  • 7
    • 34547615709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the management of hypertension: The task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the european society of hypertension esh and of the european society of cardiology esc
    • Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, Cifkova R, Fagard R, Germano G, et al. 2007 Guidelines for the management of hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2007;28:1462-1536.
    • (2007) Eur. Heart J. , vol.28 , pp. 1462-1536
    • Mancia, G.1    De Backer, G.2    Dominiczak, A.3    Cifkova, R.4    Fagard, R.5    Germano, G.6
  • 8
    • 0032511580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 28
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group.
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 28. BMJ. 1998; 317:703-713.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 703-713
  • 9
    • 0032511601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effi cacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group.
    • UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Effi cacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39. BMJ. 1998;317:713-720.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 713-720
  • 11
    • 0033034404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition compared with conventional therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: The captopril prevention project CAPPP randomised trial
    • Hansson L, Lindholm LH, Niskanen L, Lanke J, Hedner T, Niklason A, et al. Effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition compared with conventional therapy on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertension: The Captopril Prevention Project (CAPPP) randomised trial. Lancet. 1999;353:611-616.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 611-616
    • Hansson, L.1    Lindholm, L.H.2    Niskanen, L.3    Lanke, J.4    Hedner, T.5    Niklason, A.6
  • 12
    • 0035653491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertensive diabetic patients on fi rst-line therapy with an ACE inhibitor compared with a diuretic/beta-blockerbased treatment regimen: A subanalysis of the captopril prevention project
    • CAPPP Study Group.
    • Niskanen L, Hedner T, Hansson L, Lanke J, Niklason A; CAPPP Study Group. Reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hypertensive diabetic patients on fi rst-line therapy with an ACE inhibitor compared with a diuretic/beta-blockerbased treatment regimen: A subanalysis of the Captopril Prevention Project. Diabetes Care. 2001;24:2091-2096.
    • (2001) Diabetes Care , vol.24 , pp. 2091-2096
    • Niskanen, L.1    Hedner, T.2    Hansson, L.3    Lanke, J.4    Niklason, A.5
  • 13
    • 0034688194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor ramipril on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients the heart outcomes prevention evaluation study investigators
    • Yusuf S, Sleight P, Pogue J, Bosch J, Davies R, Dagenais G. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:145-153.
    • (2000) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.342 , pp. 145-153
    • Yusuf, S.1    Sleight, P.2    Pogue, J.3    Bosch, J.4    Davies, R.5    Dagenais, G.6
  • 14
    • 0034700790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: Results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE substudy heart outcomes prevention evaluation study investigators
    • Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators
    • Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus: Results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE substudy. Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Lancet. 2000;355: 253-259.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 253-259
  • 15
    • 0035901585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hope investigators renal insuffi ciency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and the impact of ramipril: The HOPE randomized trial
    • Mann JF, Gerstein HC, Pogue J, Bosch J, Yusuf S; Hope Investigators. Renal insuffi ciency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and the impact of ramipril: The HOPE randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:629-636.
    • (2001) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.134 , pp. 629-636
    • Mann, J.F.1    Gerstein, H.C.2    Pogue, J.3    Bosch, J.4    Yusuf, S.5
  • 16
    • 0035968623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack
    • PROGRESS Collaborative Group.
    • PROGRESS Collaborative Group. Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Lancet. 2001;358:1033-1041.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 1033-1041
  • 17
    • 11144356866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reductions in the risks of recurrent stroke in patients with and without diabetes: The progress Trial
    • Berthet K, Neal BC, Chalmers JP, MacMahon SW, Bousser MG, Colman SA, et al. Reductions in the risks of recurrent stroke in patients with and without diabetes: The PROGRESS Trial. Blood Press. 2004;13:7-13.
    • (2004) Blood Press. , vol.13 , pp. 7-13
    • Berthet, K.1    Neal, B.C.2    Chalmers, J.P.3    MacMahon, S.W.4    Bousser, M.G.5    Colman, S.A.6
  • 18
    • 0037160968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the losartan intervention for endpoint reduction in hypertension study LIFE: A randomised trial against atenolol
    • Dahlöf B, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE, Julius S, Beevers G, de Faire U, et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): A randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet. 2002;359:995-1003.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 995-1003
    • Dahlöf, B.1    Devereux, R.B.2    Kjeldsen, S.E.3    Julius, S.4    Beevers, G.5    De Faire, U.6
  • 19
    • 0037160969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes in the losartan intervention for endpoint reduction in hypertension study LIFE: A randomized trial against atenolol
    • Lindholm LH, Ibsen H, Dahlöf B, Devereux RB, Beevers G, de Faire U, et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): A randomized trial against atenolol. Lancet. 2002;359:1004-1010.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1004-1010
    • Lindholm, L.H.1    Ibsen, H.2    Dahlöf, B.3    Devereux, R.B.4    Beevers, G.5    De Faire, U.6
  • 20
    • 33744990564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does albuminuria predict cardiovascular outcomes on treatment with losartan versus atenolol in patients with diabetes hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy the life study
    • Ibsen H, Olsen MH, Wachtell K, Borch-Johnsen K, Lindholm LH, Mogensen CE, et al. Does albuminuria predict cardiovascular outcomes on treatment with losartan versus atenolol in patients with diabetes, hypertension, and left ventricular hypertrophy? The LIFE study. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:595-600.
    • (2006) Diabetes Care , vol.29 , pp. 595-600
    • Ibsen, H.1    Olsen, M.H.2    Wachtell, K.3    Borch-Johnsen, K.4    Lindholm, L.H.5    Mogensen, C.E.6
  • 21
    • 52649092934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in albuminuria translates to reduction in cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and diabetes
    • Ibsen H, Olsen MH, Wachtell K, Borch-Johnsen K, Lindholm LH, Mogensen CE. Reduction in albuminuria translates to reduction in cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and diabetes. J Nephrol. 2008;21:566-569.
    • (2008) J. Nephrol. , vol.21 , pp. 566-569
    • Ibsen, H.1    Olsen, M.H.2    Wachtell, K.3    Borch-Johnsen, K.4    Lindholm, L.H.5    Mogensen, C.E.6
  • 23
    • 7644236592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atenolol in hypertension: Is it a wise choice
    • Carlberg B, Samuelsson O, Lindholm LH. Atenolol in hypertension: Is it a wise choice? Lancet. 2004;364:1684-1689.
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , pp. 1684-1689
    • Carlberg, B.1    Samuelsson, O.2    Lindholm, L.H.3
  • 24
    • 29244448292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diabetogenic potential of thiazide-type diuretic and beta-blocker combinations in patients with hypertension
    • Mason JM, Dickinson HO, Nicolson DJ, Campbell F, Ford GA, Williams B. The diabetogenic potential of thiazide-type diuretic and beta-blocker combinations in patients with hypertension. J Hypertens. 2005;23:1777-1781.
    • (2005) J. Hypertens. , vol.23 , pp. 1777-1781
    • Mason, J.M.1    Dickinson, H.O.2    Nicolson, D.J.3    Campbell, F.4    Ford, G.A.5    Williams, B.6
  • 25
    • 33645780240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antihypertensive medications and blood sugar: Theories and implications
    • Blackburn DF, Wilson TW. Antihypertensive medications and blood sugar: Theories and implications. Can J Cardiol. 2006; 22:229-233.
    • (2006) Can. J. Cardiol. , vol.22 , pp. 229-233
    • Blackburn, D.F.1    Wilson, T.W.2
  • 26
    • 0034732256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertension and antihypertensive therapy as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus atherosclerosis risk in communities study
    • Gress TW, Nieto FJ, Shahar E, Wofford MR, Brancati FL. Hypertension and antihypertensive therapy as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:905-912.
    • (2000) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.342 , pp. 905-912
    • Gress, T.W.1    Nieto, F.J.2    Shahar, E.3    Wofford, M.R.4    Brancati, F.L.5
  • 27
    • 0344373794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major outcomes in highrisk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensinconverting- enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: The antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial ALLHAT
    • ALLHAT Offi cers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group
    • ALLHAT Offi cers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in highrisk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensinconverting- enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA. 2002;288:2981-2997.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 2981-2997
  • 30
    • 0034685403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin vs chlorthalidone: The antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial allhat
    • ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group.
    • ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin vs chlorthalidone: The antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). JAMA. 2000;283:1967-1975.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 1967-1975
  • 31
    • 0042835370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diuretic versus alpha-blocker as fi rst-step antihypertensive therapy: Final results from the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial ALLHAT
    • Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial Collaborative Research Group.
    • Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial Collaborative Research Group. Diuretic versus alpha-blocker as fi rst-step antihypertensive therapy: Final results from the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). Hypertension. 2003;42:239-246.
    • (2003) Hypertension , vol.42 , pp. 239-246
  • 32
    • 33847191078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renin angiotensin system blockade and nephropathy: Why is it being called into question and should it be
    • Hollenberg NK, Epstein M. Renin angiotensin system blockade and nephropathy: Why is it being called into question, and should it be? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;1:1046-1048.
    • (2006) Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. , vol.1 , pp. 1046-1048
    • Hollenberg, N.K.1    Epstein, M.2
  • 33
    • 0347600746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allhat or the soft science of the secondary end point
    • Messerli FH. ALLHAT, or the soft science of the secondary end point. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139:777-780.
    • (2003) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.139 , pp. 777-780
    • Messerli, F.H.1
  • 34
    • 0242440368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New-onset diabetes and antihypertensive therapy: Comments on ALLHAT trial
    • Sierra C, Ruilope LM. New-onset diabetes and antihypertensive therapy: Comments on ALLHAT trial. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2003;4:169-170.
    • (2003) J. Renin. Angiotensin. Aldosterone. Syst. , vol.4 , pp. 169-170
    • Sierra, C.1    Ruilope, L.M.2
  • 35
    • 33750999057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fasting glucose levels and incident diabetes mellitus in older nondiabetic adults randomized to receive 3 different classes of antihypertensive treatment
    • Barzilay JI, Davis BR, Cutler JA, Pressel SL, Whelton PK, Basile J, et al. Fasting glucose levels and incident diabetes mellitus in older nondiabetic adults randomized to receive 3 different classes of antihypertensive treatment. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:2191-2201.
    • (2006) Arch. Intern. Med. , vol.166 , pp. 2191-2201
    • Barzilay, J.I.1    Davis, B.R.2    Cutler, J.A.3    Pressel, S.L.4    Whelton, P.K.5    Basile, J.6
  • 36
    • 48649106720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anglo-scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial investigators determinants of new-onset diabetes among 19 257 hypertensive patients randomized in the anglo-scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial - blood pressure lowering arm and the relative infl uence of antihypertensive medication
    • Gupta AK, Dahlof B, Dobson J, Sever PS, Wedel H, Poulter NR; Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial Investigators. Determinants of new-onset diabetes among 19,257 hypertensive patients randomized in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial - Blood Pressure Lowering Arm and the relative infl uence of antihypertensive medication. Diabetes Care. 2008;31:982-988.
    • (2008) Diabetes Care , vol.31 , pp. 982-988
    • Gupta, A.K.1    Dahlof, B.2    Dobson, J.3    Sever, P.S.4    Wedel, H.5    Poulter, N.R.6
  • 37
    • 33846294746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incident diabetes in clinical trials of antihypertensive drugs: A network meta-analysis
    • Elliott WJ, Meyer PM. Incident diabetes in clinical trials of antihypertensive drugs: A network meta-analysis. Lancet. 2007;369:201-207.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.369 , pp. 201-207
    • Elliott, W.J.1    Meyer, P.M.2
  • 38
    • 46449094357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazide-induced dysglycemia: Call for research from a working group from the national heart lung and blood institute
    • Carter BL, Einhorn PT, Brands M, He J, Cutler JA, Whelton PK, et al. Thiazide-induced dysglycemia: Call for research from a working group from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Hypertension. 2008;52:30-36.
    • (2008) Hypertension. , vol.52 , pp. 30-36
    • Carter, B.L.1    Einhorn, P.T.2    Brands, M.3    He, J.4    Cutler, J.A.5    Whelton, P.K.6
  • 40
    • 33748147006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazide diuretics potassium and the development of diabetes: A quantitative revue
    • Zillich AJ, Garg J, Basu S, Bakris GL, Carter BL. Thiazide diuretics, potassium, and the development of diabetes: A quantitative revue. Hypertension. 2006;48:219-224.
    • (2006) Hypertension , vol.48 , pp. 219-224
    • Zillich, A.J.1    Garg, J.2    Basu, S.3    Bakris, G.L.4    Carter, B.L.5
  • 41
    • 57449108056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertension hyperkalemia and thiazide-induced diabetes: A 3-way connection
    • Agarwal R. Hypertension, hyperkalemia, and thiazide-induced diabetes: A 3-way connection. Hypertension. 2008; 52:1012-1013.
    • (2008) Hypertension , vol.52 , pp. 1012-1013
    • Agarwal, R.1
  • 42
    • 57449098413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanistic insights into diureticinduced insulin resistance
    • Dronavalli S, Bakris GL. Mechanistic insights into diureticinduced insulin resistance. Hypertension. 2008;52:1009-1011.
    • (2008) Hypertension , vol.52 , pp. 1009-1011
    • Dronavalli, S.1    Bakris, G.L.2
  • 43
    • 57449121574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrochlorothiazide but not candesartan aggravates insulin resistance and causes visceral and hepatic fat accumulation: The mechanisms for the diabetes preventing effect of candesartan MEDICA study
    • Eriksson JW, Jansson PA, Carlberg B, Häg g A, Kurland L, Svensson MK. Hydrochlorothiazide, but not candesartan, aggravates insulin resistance and causes visceral and hepatic fat accumulation: The mechanisms for the diabetes preventing effect of candesartan (MEDICA) study. Hypertension. 2008;52:1030-1037.
    • (2008) Hypertension , vol.52 , pp. 1030-1037
    • Eriksson, J.W.1    Jansson, P.A.2    Carlberg, B.3    Hägg, A.4    Kurland, L.5    Svensson, M.K.6
  • 44
    • 39849105847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiazide diuretics endothelial function and vascular oxidative stress
    • Zhou MS, Schulman IH, Jaimes EA, Raij L. Thiazide diuretics, endothelial function, and vascular oxidative stress. J Hypertens. 2008;26:494-500.
    • (2008) J. Hypertens. , vol.26 , pp. 494-500
    • Zhou, M.S.1    Schulman, I.H.2    Jaimes, E.A.3    Raij, L.4
  • 45
    • 33845497759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in glucose tolerance between fi xeddose antihypertensive drug combinations in people with metabolic syndrome
    • Bakris G, Molitch M, Hewkin A, Kipnes M, Sarafi dis P, Fakouhi K, et al. Differences in glucose tolerance between fi xeddose antihypertensive drug combinations in people with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:2592-2597.
    • (2006) Diabetes Care , vol.29 , pp. 2592-2597
    • Bakris, G.1    Molitch, M.2    Hewkin, A.3    Kipnes, M.4    Sarafidis, P.5    Fakouhi, K.6
  • 47
    • 67649540422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World kidney day steering committee the message for world kidney day 2009: Hypertension and kidney disease - A marriage that should be prevented
    • Bakris GL, Ritz E; World Kidney Day Steering Committee. The message for World Kidney Day 2009: Hypertension and kidney disease - a marriage that should be prevented. J Hypertens. 2009;27:666-669.
    • (2009) J. Hypertens. , vol.27 , pp. 666-669
    • Bakris, G.L.1    Ritz, E.2
  • 48
    • 0037213037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes: The united kingdom prospective diabetes study ukpds 64
    • UKPDS Group.
    • Adler AI, Stevens RJ, Manley SE, Bilous RW, Cull CA, Holman RR; UKPDS Group. Development and progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes: The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 64). Kidney Int. 2003;63: 225-232.
    • (2003) Kidney Int. , vol.63 , pp. 225-232
    • Adler, A.I.1    Stevens, R.J.2    Manley, S.E.3    Bilous, R.W.4    Cull, C.A.5    Holman, R.R.6
  • 49
    • 77950342584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiorenal interaction: Appropriate treatment of cardiovascular risk factors to improve outcomes in chronic kidney disease
    • McCullough PA, Verrill TA. Cardiorenal interaction: Appropriate treatment of cardiovascular risk factors to improve outcomes in chronic kidney disease. Postgrad Med. 2010;122:25-34.
    • (2010) Postgrad. Med. , vol.122 , pp. 25-34
    • McCullough, P.A.1    Verrill, T.A.2
  • 50
    • 6344221992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists on mortality and renal outcomes in diabetic nephropathy: Systematic review
    • Epub 2004 Sep 30.
    • Strippoli GF, Craig M, Deeks JJ, Schena FP, Craig JC. Effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists on mortality and renal outcomes in diabetic nephropathy: Systematic review. BMJ. 2004;329:828. Epub 2004 Sep 30.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.329 , pp. 828
    • Strippoli, G.F.1    Craig, M.2    Deeks, J.J.3    Schena, F.P.4    Craig, J.C.5
  • 51
    • 33644809993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antihypertensive agents for primary prevention of diabetic nephropathy
    • Strippoli GF, Craig M, Schena FP, Craig JC. Antihypertensive agents for primary prevention of diabetic nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:3081-3091.
    • (2005) J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. , vol.16 , pp. 3081-3091
    • Strippoli, G.F.1    Craig, M.2    Schena, F.P.3    Craig, J.C.4
  • 52
  • 53
    • 33645469728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of blood pressure targets and specifi c antihypertensive agents used to prevent diabetic nephropathy and delay its progression
    • Strippoli GF, Craig M, Schena FP, Craig JC. Role of blood pressure targets and specifi c antihypertensive agents used to prevent diabetic nephropathy and delay its progression. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17(4 Suppl 2):S153-S155.
    • (2006) J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. , vol.17 , Issue.4
    • Strippoli, G.F.1    Craig, M.2    Schena, F.P.3    Craig, J.C.4
  • 54
    • 42749099562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease
    • Oct
    • Strippoli GF, Bonifati C, Craig M, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Oct 18;(4):CD006257.
    • (2006) Cochrane. Database. Syst. Rev. , vol.18 , Issue.4
    • Strippoli, G.F.1    Bonifati, C.2    Craig, M.3    Navaneethan, S.D.4    Craig, J.C.5
  • 55
    • 0035922447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes
    • Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Clarke WR, Berl T, Pohl MA, Lewis JB, et al. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:851-860.
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.345 , pp. 851-860
    • Lewis, E.J.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Clarke, W.R.3    Berl, T.4    Pohl, M.A.5    Lewis, J.B.6
  • 56
    • 0035922441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy
    • Brenner BM, Cooper ME, de Zeeuw D, Keane WF, Mitch WE, Parving HH, et al. Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2001;345;861-869.
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.345 , pp. 861-869
    • Brenner, B.M.1    Cooper, M.E.2    De Zeeuw, D.3    Keane, W.F.4    Mitch, W.E.5    Parving, H.H.6
  • 57
    • 0035922444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Irbesartan in Patients with Type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria study group the effect of irbesartan on the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Parving HH, Lehnert H, Bröc hner-Mortensen J, Gomis R, Andersen S, Arner P; Irbesartan in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Microalbuminuria Study Group. The effect of irbesartan on the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:870-878.
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.345 , pp. 870-878
    • Parving, H.H.1    Lehnert, H.2    Bröchner-Mortensen, J.3    Gomis, R.4    Andersen, S.5    Arner, P.6
  • 58
    • 53049109468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the angiotensin-receptor blocker telmisartan on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients intolerant to angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitors: A randomised controlled trial
    • Yusuf S, Teo K, Anderson C, Pogue J, Dyal L, Copland I, et al. Effects of the angiotensin-receptor blocker telmisartan on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients intolerant to angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitors: A randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;372:1174-1183.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 1174-1183
    • Yusuf, S.1    Teo, K.2    Anderson, C.3    Pogue, J.4    Dyal, L.5    Copland, I.6
  • 59
    • 67649659279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of candesartan on microalbuminuria and albumin excretion rate in diabetes: Three randomized trials
    • Bilous R, Chaturvedi N, Sjø l ie AK, Fuller J, Klein R, Orchard T, et al. Effect of candesartan on microalbuminuria and albumin excretion rate in diabetes: Three randomized trials. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:11-20.
    • (2009) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.151 , pp. 11-20
    • Bilous, R.1    Chaturvedi, N.2    Sjølie, A.K.3    Fuller, J.4    Klein, R.5    Orchard, T.6
  • 61
    • 42049107348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telmisartan ramipril or both in patients at high risk for vascular events
    • ONTARGET Investigators
    • ONTARGET Investigators. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1547-1559.
    • (2008) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.358 , pp. 1547-1559
  • 62
    • 34548420712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a fi xed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus the advance trial: A randomised controlled trial
    • ADVANCE Collaborative Group.
    • ADVANCE Collaborative Group. Effects of a fi xed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): A randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2007;370:829-840.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.370 , pp. 829-840
  • 63
    • 57349138291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients
    • Jamerson K, Weber MA, Bakris GL, Dahlöf B, Pitt B, Shi V, et al. Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 2008;359: 2417-2428.
    • (2008) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.359 , pp. 2417-2428
    • Jamerson, K.1    Weber, M.A.2    Bakris, G.L.3    Dahlöf, B.4    Pitt, B.5    Shi, V.6
  • 64
    • 77951735232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • ACCORD Study Group.
    • ACCORD Study Group. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2010;362: 1575-1585.
    • (2010) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.362 , pp. 1575-1585
  • 65
    • 0037387809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular outcomes in the irbesartan diabetic nephropathy trial of patients with type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy
    • Berl T, Hunsicker LG, Lewis JB, Pfeffer MA, Porush JG, Rouleau JL, et al. Cardiovascular outcomes in the Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial of patients with type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:542-549.
    • (2003) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.138 , pp. 542-549
    • Berl, T.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Lewis, J.B.3    Pfeffer, M.A.4    Porush, J.G.5    Rouleau, J.L.6
  • 67
    • 53749100124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of candesartan on prevention DIRECTPrevent 1 and progression DIRECT-protect 1 of retinopathy in type 1 diabetes: Randomised placebo-controlled trials
    • Chaturvedi N, Porta M, Klein R, Orchard T, Fuller J, Parving HH, et al. Effect of candesartan on prevention (DIRECTPrevent 1) and progression (DIRECT-Protect 1) of retinopathy in type 1 diabetes: Randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Lancet. 2008;372:1394-1402.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 1394-1402
    • Chaturvedi, N.1    Porta, M.2    Klein, R.3    Orchard, T.4    Fuller, J.5    Parving, H.H.6
  • 68
    • 53749108177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of candesartan on regression of retinopathy in type 2 diabetes DIRECT-protect 2: A randomised placebo- controlled trial
    • Sj øl ie AK, Klein R, Porta M, Orchard T, Fuller J, Parving HH, et al. Effect of candesartan on regression of retinopathy in type 2 diabetes (DIRECT-Protect 2): A randomised placebo- controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;372:1385-1393.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 1385-1393
    • Sjølie, A.K.1    Klein, R.2    Porta, M.3    Orchard, T.4    Fuller, J.5    Parving, H.H.6
  • 69
    • 81255179286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in mortality with antihypertensive agents evidence from clinical trials in at-risk hypertensive patients
    • Abstract 2019
    • Bertrand ME, Mourad JJ. Reduction in mortality with antihypertensive agents. Evidence from clinical trials in at-risk hypertensive patients. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(Abstr Suppl):321-322 [Abstract 2019].
    • (2010) Eur. Heart J. , vol.31 , pp. 321-322
    • Bertrand, M.E.1    Mourad, J.J.2
  • 70
    • 24644443331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendrofl umethiazide as required, in the anglo-scandinavian cardiac outcomes trial- blood pressure lowering arm ASCOT-BPLA: A multicentre randomised controlled trial
    • Dahlöf B, Sever PS, Poulter NR, Wedel H, Beevers DG, Caulfi eld M. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendrofl umethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial- Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): A multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005;366:895-906.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , pp. 895-906
    • Dahlöf, B.1    Sever, P.S.2    Poulter, N.R.3    Wedel, H.4    Beevers, D.G.5    Caulfield, M.6
  • 72
    • 49149087718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal outcomes with telmisartan ramipril or both in people at high vascular risk the ontarget study: A multicentre randomised double-blind controlled trial
    • Mann JF, Schmeider RE, McQueen M, Dyal L, Schumacher H, Pogue J, et al. Renal outcomes with telmisartan, ramipril, or both, in people at high vascular risk (the ONTARGET study): A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;372:547-553.
    • (2008) Lancet , vol.372 , pp. 547-553
    • Mann, J.F.1    Schmeider, R.E.2    McQueen, M.3    Dyal, L.4    Schumacher, H.5    Pogue, J.6
  • 74
    • 78649875453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a fi xed combination of perindopril and indapamide in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease
    • Lambers Heerspink HJ, Ninomiya T, Perkovic V, Woodward M, Zoungas S, Cass A, et al. Effects of a fi xed combination of perindopril and indapamide in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Eur Heart J. 2010;31: 2888-2896.
    • (2010) Eur. Heart J. , vol.31 , pp. 2888-2896
    • Lambers Heerspink, H.J.1    Ninomiya, T.2    Perkovic, V.3    Woodward, M.4    Zoungas, S.5    Cass, A.6
  • 75
    • 72549103800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in blood pressure control and treatment among type 2 diabetes with comorbid hypertension in the United States 1988-2004
    • Su DC, Kim CM, Choi IS, Plauschinat CA, Barone JA. Trends in blood pressure control and treatment among type 2 diabetes with comorbid hypertension in the United States: 1988 - 2004. J Hypertens. 2009;27:1908-1918.
    • (2009) J. Hypertens. , vol.27 , pp. 1908-1918
    • Su, D.C.1    Kim, C.M.2    Choi, I.S.3    Plauschinat, C.A.4    Barone, J.A.5
  • 76
    • 77950187294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal outcomes with different fi xed-dose combination therapies in patients with hypertension at high risk for cardiovascular events accomplish: A prespecifi ed secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial
    • Bakris GL, Sarafi dis PA, Weir MR, Dahlöf B, Pitt B, Jamerson K, et al. Renal outcomes with different fi xed-dose combination therapies in patients with hypertension at high risk for cardiovascular events (ACCOMPLISH): A prespecifi ed secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2010;375:1173-1181.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 1173-1181
    • Bakris, G.L.1    Sarafi Dis, P.A.2    Weir, M.R.3    Dahlöf, B.4    Pitt, B.5    Jamerson, K.6
  • 78
    • 70449851433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: A european society of hypertension task force document
    • Mancia G, Laurent S, Agabiti-Rosei E, Ambrosioni E, Burnier M, Caulfi eld MJ, et al. Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: A European Society of Hypertension Task Force document. J Hypertens. 2009;27: 2121-2158.
    • (2009) J. Hypertens. , vol.27 , pp. 2121-2158
    • Mancia, G.1    Laurent, S.2    Agabiti-Rosei, E.3    Ambrosioni, E.4    Burnier, M.5    Caulfield, M.J.6
  • 79
    • 45149095472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lowering of proteinuria in response to antihypertensive therapy predicts improved renal function in late but not in early diabetic nephropathy: A pooled analysis
    • Jerums G, Panagiotopoulos S, Premaratne E, Power DA, MacIsaac RJ. Lowering of proteinuria in response to antihypertensive therapy predicts improved renal function in late but not in early diabetic nephropathy: A pooled analysis. Am J Nephrol. 2008;28:614-627.
    • (2008) Am. J. Nephrol. , vol.28 , pp. 614-627
    • Jerums, G.1    Panagiotopoulos, S.2    Premaratne, E.3    Power, D.A.4    MacIsaac, R.J.5
  • 80
    • 67650451498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteinuria as a surrogate outcome in CKD: Report of a scientifi c workshop sponsored by the national kidney foundation and the us food and drug administration
    • Levey AS, Cattran D, Friedman A, Miller WG, Sedor J, Tuttle K, et al. Proteinuria as a surrogate outcome in CKD: Report of a scientifi c workshop sponsored by the National Kidney Foundation and the US Food and Drug Administration. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;54:205-226.
    • (2009) Am. J. Kidney Dis. , vol.54 , pp. 205-226
    • Levey, A.S.1    Cattran, D.2    Friedman, A.3    Miller, W.G.4    Sedor, J.5    Tuttle, K.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.