Measuring chess experts' Single-Use sequence knowledge: An archival study of departure from 'theoretical' openings

PLoS ONE

Volumn 6, Issue 11, 2011, Pages

  Chassy, Philippe ^a   Gobet, Fernand ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

^b BRUNEL UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATHLETE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA BASE; DECLARATIVE MEMORY; GAME; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; KNOWLEDGE; LEARNING; LONG TERM MEMORY; NORMAL HUMAN; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SKILL; TASK PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIOR; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SPORT; STATISTICAL MODEL;

BEHAVIOR; HUMANS; KNOWLEDGE; MODELS, STATISTICAL; SPORTS;

EID: 81155138879     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026692     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. De Groot AD, (1965) Thought and choice in chess (first Dutch edition in 1946) The Hague Mouton Publishers.
2. Holding DH, (1985) The psychology of chess skill Hillsdale, NJ Erlbaum.
3. Charness N, (1981) Search in chess: Age and skill differences. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 7: 467-476.
4. Gobet F, (1998) Chess thinking revisited. Swiss Journal of Psychology 57: 18-32.
5. Saariluoma P, (1992) Error in chess: The apperception-restructuring view. Psychological Research 54: 17-26.
6. Saariluoma P, (1990) Apperception and restructuring in chess players' problem solving. In: Gilhooly KJ, Keane MTG, Logie RH, Erdos G, editors. Lines of thought: Reflections on the psychology of thinking New York John Wiley Sons Ltd pp. 41-57.
7. Campitelli G, Gobet F, (2004) Adaptive expert decision making: Skilled chessplayers search more and deeper. Journal of the International Computer Games Association 27: 209-216.
8. Bilalić M, Mcleod P, Gobet F, (2008) Inflexibility of experts- Reality or myth? Quantifying the Einstellung effect in chess masters. Cognitive Psychology 56: 73-102.
9. Bilalić M, McLeod P, Gobet F, (2009) Specialization effect and its influence on memory and problem solving in expert chess players. Cognitive Science 33: 1117-1143.
10. Gobet F, (1997) A pattern-recognition theory of search in expert problem solving. Thinking and Reasoning 3: 291-313.
11. Gobet F, Simon HA, (1998) Expert chess memory: Revisiting the chunking hypothesis. Memory 6: 225-255.
12. Gobet F, Clarkson G, (2004) Chunks in expert memory: Evidence for the magical number four... or is it two? Memory 12: 732-747.
13. Freyhoff H, Gruber H, Ziegler A, (1992) Expertise and hierarchical knowledge representation in chess. Psychological Research 54: 32-37.
14. De Groot AD, Gobet F, Jongman RW, (1996) Perception and memory in chess: Heuristics of the professional eye Assen Van Gorcum.
15. Cooke NJ, Atlas RS, Lane DM, Berger RC, (1993) Role of high-level knowledge in memory for chess positions. American Journal of Psychology 106: 321-351.
16. Gobet F, Simon HA, (1996) Templates in chess memory: A mechanism for recalling several boards. Cognitive Psychology 31: 1-40.
17. Chase WG, Simon HA, (1973) Perception in chess. Cognitive Psychology 4: 55-81.
18. Holding DH, (1989) Evaluation factors in human tree search. American Journal of Psychology 102: 103-108.
19. Pfau HD, Murphy MD, (1988) Role of verbal knowledge in chess skill. American Journal of Experimental Psychology 101: 73-86.
20. Charness N, (1991) Expertise in chess: The balance between knowledge and search. In: Ericsson KA, Smith J, editors. Toward a general theory of expertise: Prospects and limits Cambridge Cambridge University Press pp. 39-63.
21. Matanović A, (1974-1979) Encyclopedia of chess openings (five volumes) Belgrad Chess Informant.
22. Van der Maas HLJ, Wagenmakers EJ, (2005) A psychometric analysis of chess expertise. American Journal of Psychology 118: 29-60.
23. Simon HA, Gilmartin KJ, (1973) A simulation of memory for chess positions. Cognitive Psychology 5: 29-46.
24. Gobet F, Simon HA, (2000) Five seconds or sixty? Presentation time in expert memory. Cognitive Science 24: 651-682.
25. Hoffman RR, Shadbolt NR, Burton AM, Klein G, (1995) Eliciting knowledge from experts: A methodological analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 62: 129-158.
26. Jackson P, (1999) Introduction to expert systems Harlow, England Addison Wesley Longman.
27. Sangalang ED, (2008) Lothar Schmid - The complete chess authority turns 80!.
28. Morsch F, (2009) Chessbase. 12 ed Hamburg, Germany Chessbase.
29. Morsch F, (2009) Fritz (version 12) Hamburg, Germany Chessbase.
30. Elo A, (1978) The rating of chessplayers, past and present New York Arco.
31. Russell S, Norvig P, (1995) Artificial intelligence: A modern approach Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall.
32. Jongman RW, (1968) Het oog van de meester Assen Van Gorcum.
33. Mednis E, (2002) How to play good opening moves Auckland Random House.
34. Alburt L, Chernin A, (2001) Pirc Alert: A complete defense against 1.e4 New York Chess information and Research Center.
35. Campitelli G, Parker A, Head K, Gobet F, (2008) Left lateralization in autobiographical memory: An fMRI study using the expert archival paradigm. International Journal of Neuroscience 118: 191-209.
36. Gobet F, Campitelli G, (2007) The role of domain-specific practice, handedness and starting age in chess. Developmental Psychology 43: 159-172.
37. Newell A, Rosenbloom PS, (1981) Mechanisms of skill acquisition and the law of practice. In: Anderson JR, editors. Cognitive skills and their acquisition Hillsdale, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum pp. 1-55.
38. Chassy P, Gobet F, (2010) Speed of expertise acquisition depends upon inherited factors. Talent Development and Excellence 2: 17-27.
39. Chassy P, (2009) For that experts are mistaken, sometimes. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the British Psychological Society.
40. Gigerenzer G, (2007) Gut feelings: The intelligence of the unconscious London Penguin.
41. Dijksterhuis A, Bos MW, Nordgren LF, van Baaren RB, (2006) On making the right choice: The deliberation-without-attention effect. Science 311: 1005-1007.
42. Kahneman D, Frederick S, (2002) Representativeness revisited: Attribute substitution in intuitive judgement. In: Gilovich T, Griffin D, Kahneman D, editors. Heuristics and biases: The psychology of intuitive judgement Cambridge Cambridge University Press pp. 49-81.
43. Dreyfus HL, Dreyfus SE, (2005) Expertise in real world contexts. Organization Studies 26: 779-792.
44. Gobet F, de Voogt AJ, Retschitzki J, (2004) Moves in mind Hove, UK Psychology Press.
45. Ericsson KA, Charness N, Feltovich PJ, Hoffman RR, (2006) The Cambridge handbook of expertise New York, NY CUP.