Silicon concentration and leaf longevity: Is silicon a player in the leaf dry mass spectrum?

Functional Ecology

Volumn 25, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 1181-1188

  Cooke, Julia ^a   Leishman, Michelle R ^a  

^a MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Carbon balance; Ecological strategies; Herbivore defence; Poaceae; Silica

Indexed keywords

BIOMASS ALLOCATION; BIOTIC FACTOR; CARBON BALANCE; DATA SET; DECIDUOUS TREE; DIVERGENCE; ECOLOGICAL IMPACT; FOLIAGE; FUNCTIONAL GROUP; GRASS; HERBIVORE; LEAF; LONGEVITY; PERENNIAL PLANT; PHYLOGENETICS; PHYLOGENY; PLANT DEFENSE; SILICON;

MAGNOLIOPHYTA; POACEAE; POALES;

EID: 80855131467     PISSN: 02698463     EISSN: 13652435     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01880.x     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Al-Aghabary, K., Zhu, J. & Shi, Q. (2004) Influence of silicon supply on chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and antioxidative enzyme activities in tomato plants under salt stress. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 27, 2101-2115.
2. Barker, N.P., Clark, L.G., Davis, J.I., Duvall, M.R., Guala, G.F., Hsiao, C., Kellogg, E.A. & Linder, H.P. (2001) Phylogeny and subfamilial classification of the grasses (Poaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 88, 373-457.
3. Bartoli, F. (1983) The biogeochemical cycle of silicon in two temperate forest ecosystems. Ecological Bulletins, 35, 469-476.
4. Blackman, E. & Parry, D.W. (1968) Opaline silica deposition in rye (Secale cerale L.). Annals of Botany, 32, 199-206.
5. Brizuela, M.A., Detling, J.K. & Cid, M.S. (1986) Silicon concentrations of grasses growing in sites with different grazing histories. Ecology, 67, 1098-1101.
6. Chabot, F.C. & Hicks, D.J. (1982) The ecology of leaf life spans. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 13, 229-259.
7. Claquin, P. & Martin-Jezequel, V. (2002) Uncoupling of silicon compared with carbon and nitrogen metabolisms and the role of the cell cycle in continuous cultures of Thalassiosira pseudonana (Bacillariophyceae) under light, nitrogen, and phosphorus control. Journal of Phycology, 38, 922-930.
8. Coley, P.D. (1988) Effects of plant growth rate and leaf lifetime on the amount and type of anti-herbivore defense. Oecologia, 74, 531-536.
9. Coley, P.D., Bryant, J.P. & Chapin, F.S. (1985) Resource availability and plant antiherbivore defense. Science, 230, 895.
10. Cooke, J. & Leishman, M.R. (2011) Is plant ecology more siliceous than we realise? Trends in Plant Science, 16, 61-68.
11. Datnoff, L.E., Snyder, G.H. & Korndörder, G.H. (eds) (2001) Silicon in Agriculture. Elsevier, New York.
12. Epstein, E. (1999) Silicon. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 50, 641-664.
13. Epstein, E. (2001) Silicon in plants: facts vs. concepts. Silicon in Agriculture (eds L.E. Datnoff, G.H. Snyder & G.H. Korndorfer), pp. 1-15. Elsevier, London.
14. Gartner, S., Charlot, C. & Paris-Pireyre, N. (1984) Microanalysis of silica and resistance of wheat Triticum aestivum to mechanical lodging. Physiologie végétale, 22, 811-820.
15. Gong, H., Zhu, X., Chen, K., Wang, S. & Zhang, C. (2005) Silicon alleviates oxidative damage of wheat plants in pots under drought. Plant Science, 169, 313-321.
16. Gunes, A., Inal, A., Bagci, E.G. & Coban, S. (2007) Silicon-mediated changes on some physiological and enzymatic parameters symptomatic of oxidative stress in barley grown in sodic-B toxic soil. Journal of Plant Physiology, 164, 807-811.
17. Hattori, T., Inanaga, S., Tanimoto, E., Lux, A., Luxova, M. & Sugimoto, Y. (2003) Silicon-induced changes in viscoelastic properties of sorghum root cell walls. Plant and Cell Physiology, 44, 743-749.
18. Hattori, T., Inanaga, S., Araki, H., An, P., Morita, S., Luxova, M. & Lux, A. (2005) Application of silicon enhanced drought tolerance in Sorghum bicolor. Physiologia Plantarum, 123, 459-466.
19. Hodson, M.J. & Sangster, A.G. (1998) Mineral deposition in the needles of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench.) Voss). Annals of Botany, 82, 375-385.
20. Hodson, M.J., White, P.J., Mead, A. & Broadley, M.R. (2005) Phylogenetic variation in the silicon composition of plants. Annals of Botany, 96, 1027-1046.
21. Hossain, K.A., Horiuchi, T. & Miyagawa, S. (1999) Effect of powdered rice chaff application on lodging resistance, Si and N contents and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under shaded conditions. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 46, 273-281.
22. Hunt, J.W., Dean, A.P., Webster, R.E., Johnson, G.N. & Ennos, A.R. (2008) A novel mechanism by which silica defends grasses against herbivory. Annals of Botany, 102, 653.
23. Iwasaki, K., Maier, P., Fecht, M. & Horst, W.J. (2002) Leaf apoplastic silicon enhances manganese tolerance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Journal of Plant Physiology, 159, 167-173.
24. Karban, R., Agrawal, A.A., Thaler, J.S. & Adler, L.S. (1999) Induced plant responses and information content about risk of herbivory. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 14, 443-447.
25. Kikuzawa, K. (1995) Leaf phenology as an optimal strategy for carbon gain in plants. Canadian Journal of Botany-Revue Canadienne De Botanique, 73, 158-163.
26. Liang, Y.C. (1998) Effect of silicon on leaf ultrastructure, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity of barley under salt stress. Pedosphere, 8, 289-296.
27. Liang, Y., Wong, J.W.C. & Wei, L. (2005) Silicon-mediated enhancement of cadmium tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) grown in cadmium contaminated soil. Chemosphere, 58, 475-483.
28. Liang, Y., Chen, Q., Liu, Q., Zhang, W. & Ding, R. (2003) Exogenous silicon (Si) increases antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces lipid peroxidation in roots of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Journal of Plant Physiology, 160, 1157-1164.
29. Liang, Y., Sun, W., Zhu, Y.-G. & Christie, P. (2007) Mechanisms of silicon-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants: a review. Environmental Pollution, 147, 422-428.
30. Ma, J.F. (2003) Functions of silicon in higher plants. Progress in Molecular Subcellular Biology, 33, 127-147.
31. Ma, J.F. & Takahashi, E. (2002a) Soil, Fertilizer and Plant Silicon Research in Japan. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
32. Ma, J.F. & Yamaji, N. (2008) Functions and transport of silicon in plants. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 65, 3049-3057.
33. Ma, J.F., Tamai, K., Ichii, M. & Wu, G.F. (2002b) A rice mutant defective in Si uptake. Plant Physiology, 130, 2111-2117.
34. Ma, J.F., Tamai, K., Yamaji, N., Mitani, N., Konishi, S., Katsuhara, M., Ishiguro, M., Murata, Y. & Yano, M. (2006) A silicon transporter in rice. Nature, 440, 688-691.
35. Ma, J.F., Yamaji, N., Mitani, N., Tamai, K., Konishi, S., Fujiwara, T., Katsuhara, M. & Yano, M. (2007) An efflux transporter of silicon in rice. Nature, 448, 209-212.
36. MacArthur, R.H. & Wilson, E.O. (1967) The Theory of Island Biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
37. Massey, F.P., Ennos, A.R. & Hartley, S.E. (2006a) Silica in grasses as a defence against insect herbivores: contrasting effects on folivores and a phloem feeder. Journal of Animal Ecology, 75, 595-603.
38. Massey, F.P., Ennos, A.R. & Hartley, S.E. (2007a) Grasses and the resource availability hypothesis: the importance of silica-based defences. Journal of Ecology, 95, 414-424.
39. Massey, F.P., Ennos, A.R. & Hartley, S.E. (2007b) Herbivore specific induction of silica-based plant defences. Oecologia, 152, 677-683.
40. Massey, F.P. & Hartley, S.E. (2006b) Experimental demonstration of the antiherbivore effects of silica in grasses: impacts on foliage digestibility and vole growth rates. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 273, 2299-2304.
41. Massey, F. & Hartley, S. (2009) Physical defences wear you down: progressive and irreversible impacts of silica on insect herbivores. Journal of Animal Ecology, 78, 281-291.
42. Massey, F.P., Smith, M.J., Lambin, X. & Hartley, S.E. (2008) Are silica defences in grasses driving vole population cycles? Biology Letters, 4, 419.
43. McNaughton, S.J. (1985) Ecology of a grazing ecosystem: the Serengeti. Ecological Monongraphs, 55, 259-294.
44. McNaughton, S.J. & Tarrants, J.L. (1983) Grass leaf silicification: natural selection for an inducible defence against herbivores. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America, 80, 790-791.
45. McNaughton, S.J., Tarrants, J.L., McNaughton, M.M. & Davis, R.H. (1985) Silica as a defence against herbivory and a growth promoter in African grasses. Ecology, 66, 528-535.
46. Mitani, N., Yamaji, N., Ago, Y., Iwasaki, K. & Ma, J.F. (2011) Isolation and functional characterization of an influx silicon transporter in two pumpkin cultivars contrasting in silicon accumulation. The Plant Journal, 66, 231-240.
47. Motomura, H., Fujii, T. & Suzuki, M. (2004) Silica deposition in relation to ageing of leaf tissues in Sasa veitchii (Carriere) Rehder (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). Annals of Botany, 93, 235-248.
48. Murillo-Amador, B., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, T., Rueda-Puente, E., Avila-Serrano, N., Garcia-Hernandez, J.L., Lopez-Aguilar, R., Troyo-Dieguez, E. & Nieto-Garibay, A. (2007) Influence of calcium silicate on growth, physiological parameters and mineral nutrition in two legume species under salt stress. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 193, 413-421.
49. O'Reagain, P.J. & Mentis, M.T. (1989) Leaf silicification in grasses - a review. Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa, 6, 37-43.
50. Perry, C.C. & Fraser, M.A. (1991) Silica deposition and ultrastructure in the cell wall of Equisetum arvense: the importance of cell wall structures and flow control in biosilicification? Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, 334, 149-157.
51. Perry, C.C., Mann, S., Williams, R.J.P., Watt, F., Grime, G.W. & Takacs, J. (1984) A scanning proton microprobe study of macrohairs from the lemma of the grass Phalaris canariensis L. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 222, 1229.
52. Raven, J.A. (1983) The transport and function of silicon in plants. Biological Review, 58, 179-207.
53. Reich, P.B., Walters, M.B. & Ellsworth, D.S. (1992) Leaf life-span in relation to leaf, plant, and stand characteristics among diverse ecosystems. Ecological Monographs, 62, 365-392.
54. Reich, P.B., Walters, M.B. & Ellsworth, D.S. (1997) From tropics to tundra: global convergence in plant functioning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94, 13730.
55. Reynolds, O.L., Keeping, M.G. & Meyer, J.H. (2009) Silicon-augmented resistance of plants to herbivorous insects: a review. Annals of Applied Biology, 155, 171-186.
56. Richmond, K.E. & Sussman, M. (2003) Got silicon? The non-essential beneficial plant nutrient. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 6, 268-272.
57. Smith, A.R., Pryer, K.M., Schuettpelz, E., Korall, P., Schneider, H. & Wolf, P.G. (2006) A classification for extant ferns. Taxon, 55, 705.
58. SPSS (2006) SPSS 15.0 for Windows. SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL.
59. Struyf, E., Van Damme, S., Gribsholt, B., Middelburg, J.J. & Meire, P. (2005) Biogenic silica in tidal freshwater marsh sediments and vegetation (Schelde estuary, Belgium). Marine Ecology Progress Series, 303, 51-60.
60. Struyf, E., Van Damme, S., Gribsholt, B., Bal, K., Beauchard, O., Middelburg, J.J. & Meire, P. (2007) Phragmites australis and silica cycling in tidal wetlands. Aquatic Botany, 87, 134-140.
61. Struyf, E., Opdekamp, W., Backx, H., Jacobs, S., Conley, D.J. & Meire, P. (2009) Vegetation and proximity to the river control amorphous silica storage in a riparian wetland(Biebrza National Park, Poland). Biogeosciences, 6, 623-631.
62. Takahashi, E. & Hino, K. (1978) Silica uptake by rice plant with special reference to the forms of dissolved silica. Journal of the Science of Soil and Manure, 49, 357-360.
63. Takahashi, E., Tanaka, T. & Miyake, Y. (1981) Distribution of silicon accumulating plants in the plant kingdom. Journal of the Science of Soil and Manure, 52, 511-515.
64. Villar, R. & Merino, J. (2001) Comparison of leaf construction costs in woody species with differing leaf life-spans in contrasting ecosystems. New Phytologist, 151, 213-226.
65. Wang, Y., Stass, A. & Horst, W.J. (2004) Apoplastic binding of aluminum is involved in silicon-induced amelioration of aluminum toxicity in maize. Plant Physiology, 136, 3762-3770.
66. Warton, D.I., Wright, I.J. & Falster, D.S. (2006) SMATR: Standardised Major Axis Tests & Routines., Sydney.
67. Webb, C.O., Ackerly, D.D. & Kembel, S.W. (2008) Phylocom: software for the analysis of phylogenetic community structure and trait evolution. Bioinformatics, 24, 2098.
68. Webb, C.O. & Donoghue, M.J. (2005) Phylomatic: tree assembly for applied phylogenetics. Molecular Ecology Notes, 5, 181-183.
69. Westoby, M. & Wright, I.J. (2006) Land-plant ecology on the basis of functional traits. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 21, 261-268.
70. Wilding, L.P. & Drees, L.R. (1971) Biogenic opal in Ohio soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 35, 1004-1010.
71. Williams, K., Percival, F., Merino, J. & Mooney, H.A. (1987) Estimation of tissue construction cost from heat of combustion and organic nitrogen content. Plant Cell & Environment, 10, 725-734.
72. Wright, I.J. & Westoby, M. (2002) Leaves at low versus high rainfall: coordination of structure, lifespan and physiology. New Phytologist, 155, 403-416.
73. Wright, I.J., Reich, P.B., Westoby, M., Ackerly, D.D., Baruch, Z., Bongers, F., Cavender-Bares, J., Chapin, T., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Diemer, M., Flexas, J., Garnier, E., Groom, P.K., Gulias, J., Hikosaka, K., Lamont, B.B., Lee, T., Lee, W., Lusk, C., Midgley, J.J., Navas, M.L., Niinemets, U., Oleksyn, J., Osada, N., Poorter, H., Poot, P., Prior, L., Pyankov, V.I., Roumet, C., Thomas, S.C., Tjoelker, M.G., Veneklaas, E.J. & Villar, R. (2004) The worldwide leaf economics spectrum. Nature, 428, 821-827.
74. Wright, I.J., Reich, P.B., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Falster, D.S., Garnier, E., Hikosaka, K., Lamont, B.B., Lee, W., Oleksyn, J., Osada, N., Poorter, H., Villar, R., Warton, D.I. & Westoby, M. (2005) Assessing the generality of global leaf trait relationships. New Phytologist, 166, 485-496.
75. Wyttenbach, A., Tobler, L. & Bajo, S. (1991) Silicon concentration in spruce needles. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenernährung und Bodenkunde, 154, 253-258.
76. Zhu, J., Wei, G., Li, J., Qian, Q. & Yu, J. (2004) Silicon alleviates salt stress and increases antioxidant enzymes activity in leaves of salt-stressed cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Plant Science, 167, 527-533.