A case-referent study of lung cancer and incense smoke, smoking, and residential radon in Chinese men

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 119, Issue 11, 2011, Pages 1641-1646

  Tse, Lap Ah ^a   Yu, Ignatius Tak Sun ^a   Qiu, Hong ^a   Au, Joseph Siu Kai ^b   Wang, Xiao Rong ^a  

^a CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^b QUEEN ELIZABETH HOSPITAL   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Incense Burning; Lung neoplasm; Residential radon; Smoking

Indexed keywords

INCENSE SMOKE; RADON; TOXIC SUBSTANCE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; AGED; AIR POLLUTANT; ARTICLE; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER RISK; CHINESE; CIGARETTE SMOKING; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY; HUMAN; INDOOR AIR POLLUTION; LUNG CANCER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; POPULATION RESEARCH; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; SELF REPORT;

EID: 80455140251     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002790     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Chan-Yeung M, Koo LC, Ho JC, Tsang KW, Chau WS, Chiu SW, et al. 2003. Risk factors associated with lung cancer in Hong Kong. Lung Cancer 40:131-140.
2. Chen CC, Lee H. 1996. Genotoxicity and DNA adduct formation of incense smoke condensates: comparison with environmental tobacco smoke condensates. Mutat Res 367:105-114.
3. Chen CJ, Wu HY, Chuang YC, Chang AS, Luh KT, Chao HH, et al. 1990. Epidemiologic characteristics and multiple risk factors of lung cancer in Taiwan. Anticancer Res 10:971-976.
4. Cheng JY, Ng EM. 2007. Body mass index, physical activity and erectile dysfunction: an U-shaped relationship from population-based study. Int J Obesity 31:1571-1578.
5. Darby S, Hill D, Auvinen A, Barros-Dios JM, Baysson H, Bochicchio F, et al. 2005. Radon in homes and risk of lung cancer: collaborative analysis of individual data from 13 European case-control studies. BMJ 330:223; doi:10.1136/bmj.38308.477650.63 [Online 21 December 2004].
6. Ferris BG. 1978. Epidemiology Standardization Project (American Thoracic Society). Am Rev Respir Dis 118:1-120.
7. Friborg JT, Yuan JM, Wang R, Koh WP, Lee HP, Yu MC. 2008. Incense use and respiratory tract carcinomas: a prospective cohort study. Cancer 113:1676-1684.
8. Ger LP, Hsu WL, Chen KT, Chen CJ. 1993. Risk factors of lung cancer by histological category in Taiwan. Anticancer Res 13:1491-1500.
9. Greenland S, Rothman KJ. 1998. Concepts of interaction. In: Modern Epidemiology (Rothman KJ, Greenland S, eds). 2nd ed. Philadelphia:Lippincott-Raven, 329-342.
10. Ho SS, Yu JZ. 2002. Concentrations of formaldehyde and other carbonyls in environments affected by incense burning. J Environ Monit 4:728-733.
11. Ho ST. 2010. Radon survey in eleven newly developed estates in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Papers in Design and Development 1:56-58. Available: http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkjo/view/1/100012.pdf [accessed 12 May 2010].
12. IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 1988. Man-made Mineral Fibers and Radon. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risk Hum 43:1-300.
13. IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2010a. Formaldehyde, 2-Butoxyethanol and 1-tert-Butoxypropan-2-ol. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risk Hum 88. Available: http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol88/index.php [accessed 5 May 2010].
14. IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2010b. Benzene (Group 1). IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risk Hum (suppl 7). http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/suppl7/suppl7.pdf [accessed 30 September 2011].
15. Knol MJ, van der Tweel I, Grobbee DE, Numans ME, Geerlings MI. 2007. Estimating interaction on an additive scale between continuous determinants in a logistic regression model. Int J Epidemiol 36:1111-1118.
16. Koo LC, Ho JH. 1996. Diet as a confounder of the association between air pollution and female lung cancer: Hong Kong studies on exposures to environmental tobacco smoke, incense, and cooking fumes as examples. Lung Cancer 14(suppl 1):S47-S61.
17. Lee YM. 1997. Territory-wide Indoor Radon Follow-up Survey 1995/96. Hong Kong:Hong Kong Government.
18. Lin TC, Krishnaswamy G, Chi DS. 2008. Incense smoke: clinical, structural and molecular effects on airway disease. Clin Mol Allergy 6:3; doi:10.1186/1476-7961-6-3 [Online 25 April 2008].
19. Lu H, Zhu L, Chen S. 2008. Pollution level, phase distribution and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in indoor air at public places of Hangzhou, China. Environ Pollut 152:569-575.
20. Lung SC, Kao MC, Hu SC. 2003. Contribution of incense burning to indoor PM10 and particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under two ventilation conditions. Indoor Air 13:194-199.
21. MacLennan R, Da Costa J, Day NE, Law CH, Ng YK, Shanmugaratnam K. 1977. Risk factors for lung cancer in Singapore Chinese, a population with high female incidence rates. Int J Cancer 20:854-860.
22. Navasumrit P, Arayasiri M, Hiang OM, Leechawengwongs M, Promvijit J, Choonvisase S, et al. 2008. Potential health effects of exposure to carcinogenic compounds in incense smoke in temple workers. Chem Biol Interact 173:19-31.
23. Schottenfeld D, Beebe-Dimmer J. 2010. Chronic inflammation: a common and important factor in the pathogenesis of neoplasia. CA Cancer J Clin 56:69-83.
24. Tang L, Lim WY, Eng P, Leong SS, Lim TK, Ng AWK, et al. 2010. Lung cancer in Chinese women: evidence for an interaction between tobacco smoking and exposure to inhalants in the indoor environment. Environ Health Perspect 118:1257-1260.
25. Tse LA, Yu IT, Au JS, Yu KS, Kwok KP, Qiu H, et al. 2009. Environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer among Chinese nonsmoking males: might adenocarcinoma be the culprit? Am J Epidemiol 169:533-541.
26. Wang B, Lee SC, Ho KF, Kang YM. 2007. Characteristics of emissions of air pollutants from burning of incense in temples, Hong Kong. Sci Total Environ 377:52-60.
27. WHO (World Health Organization). 2009. Radon and Cancer. Available: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs291/en/index.html [accessed 8 November 2010].
28. Yu IT, Chiu YL, Au JS, Wong TW, Tang JL. 2006a. Dose-response relationship between cooking fumes exposures and lung cancer among Chinese nonsmoking women. Cancer Res 66:4961-4967.
29. Yu IT, Tse LA. 2006b. Exploring the joint effects of silicosis and smoking on lung cancer risks. Int J Cancer 120:133-139.