-
1
-
-
34848839615
-
Biofuels generation from sweet sorghum: fermentative hydrogen production and anaerobic digestion of the remaining biomass
-
Antonopoulou G., Gavala H.N., Ioannis V., Skiadas K., Angelopuolos C., Lyberatos G. Biofuels generation from sweet sorghum: fermentative hydrogen production and anaerobic digestion of the remaining biomass. Bioresour. Technol. 2008, 99:110-119.
-
(2008)
Bioresour. Technol.
, vol.99
, pp. 110-119
-
-
Antonopoulou, G.1
Gavala, H.N.2
Ioannis, V.3
Skiadas, K.4
Angelopuolos, C.5
Lyberatos, G.6
-
3
-
-
62249216567
-
Modelling of biohydrogen production and recovery by membrane gas separation
-
Búcsú D., Nemestóthy N., Pientka Z., Gubicza L., Bélafi-Bakó K. Modelling of biohydrogen production and recovery by membrane gas separation. Desalination 2009, 240:306-310.
-
(2009)
Desalination
, vol.240
, pp. 306-310
-
-
Búcsú, D.1
Nemestóthy, N.2
Pientka, Z.3
Gubicza, L.4
Bélafi-Bakó, K.5
-
4
-
-
17844400292
-
Modelling the selectivity of activated carbons for efficient separation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide
-
Cao D., Wu J. Modelling the selectivity of activated carbons for efficient separation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Carbon 2005, 43:1364-1370.
-
(2005)
Carbon
, vol.43
, pp. 1364-1370
-
-
Cao, D.1
Wu, J.2
-
5
-
-
0037653608
-
Using sucrose as a substrate in an anaerobic hydrogen producing reactor
-
Chen C.C., Lin C.Y. Using sucrose as a substrate in an anaerobic hydrogen producing reactor. Adv. Environ. Res. 2003, 7:695-699.
-
(2003)
Adv. Environ. Res.
, vol.7
, pp. 695-699
-
-
Chen, C.C.1
Lin, C.Y.2
-
6
-
-
34248142886
-
Evaluation and simultaneous optimization of bio-hydrogen production using 32 factorial design and the desirability function
-
Cuetos M.J., Gómez X., Escapa A., Morán A. Evaluation and simultaneous optimization of bio-hydrogen production using 32 factorial design and the desirability function. J. Power Sources 2007, 169:131-139.
-
(2007)
J. Power Sources
, vol.169
, pp. 131-139
-
-
Cuetos, M.J.1
Gómez, X.2
Escapa, A.3
Morán, A.4
-
7
-
-
77956263527
-
Anaerobic digestion and co-digestion of slaughterhouse waste (SHW): influence of heat and pressure pre-treatment in biogas yield
-
Cuetos M.J., Gómez X., Otero M., Morán A. Anaerobic digestion and co-digestion of slaughterhouse waste (SHW): influence of heat and pressure pre-treatment in biogas yield. Waste Manage. 2010, 30:1780-1789.
-
(2010)
Waste Manage.
, vol.30
, pp. 1780-1789
-
-
Cuetos, M.J.1
Gómez, X.2
Otero, M.3
Morán, A.4
-
8
-
-
0242315389
-
Recovery of carbon dioxide in advanced fossil energy conversion processes using a membrane reactor
-
Damle A., Dorchak T. Recovery of carbon dioxide in advanced fossil energy conversion processes using a membrane reactor. J. Energy Environ. Res. 2001, 1:77-89.
-
(2001)
J. Energy Environ. Res.
, vol.1
, pp. 77-89
-
-
Damle, A.1
Dorchak, T.2
-
9
-
-
64549118176
-
Cleaner energy for sustainable future
-
Dovì V.G., Friedler F., Huisingh D., Klemeš J.J. Cleaner energy for sustainable future. J. Clean. Prod. 2009, 17:889-895.
-
(2009)
J. Clean. Prod.
, vol.17
, pp. 889-895
-
-
Dovì, V.G.1
Friedler, F.2
Huisingh, D.3
Klemeš, J.J.4
-
10
-
-
67650150959
-
Developing activated carbon adsorbents for pre-combustion CO2 capture
-
Drage T.C., Kozynchenko O., Pevida C., Plaza M.G., Rubiera F., Pis J.J., Snape C.E., Tennison S. Developing activated carbon adsorbents for pre-combustion CO2 capture. Energy Procedia 2009, 1:599-605.
-
(2009)
Energy Procedia
, vol.1
, pp. 599-605
-
-
Drage, T.C.1
Kozynchenko, O.2
Pevida, C.3
Plaza, M.G.4
Rubiera, F.5
Pis, J.J.6
Snape, C.E.7
Tennison, S.8
-
11
-
-
24644466083
-
Effect of hydraulic retention time on anaerobic hydrogenesis in CSTR
-
Fan K.S., Kan N.R., Lay J.J. Effect of hydraulic retention time on anaerobic hydrogenesis in CSTR. Bioresour. Technol. 2006, 97:84-89.
-
(2006)
Bioresour. Technol.
, vol.97
, pp. 84-89
-
-
Fan, K.S.1
Kan, N.R.2
Lay, J.J.3
-
12
-
-
79151486094
-
Optimal utilization of waste-to-energy in an LCA perspective
-
Fruergaard T., Astrup T. Optimal utilization of waste-to-energy in an LCA perspective. Waste Manage. 2011, 31:572-582.
-
(2011)
Waste Manage.
, vol.31
, pp. 572-582
-
-
Fruergaard, T.1
Astrup, T.2
-
13
-
-
33744530528
-
The production of hydrogen by dark fermentation of municipal solid wastes and slaughterhouse waste: a two phase process
-
Gómez X., Morán A., Cuetos M.J., Sánchez M.E. The production of hydrogen by dark fermentation of municipal solid wastes and slaughterhouse waste: a two phase process. J. Power Sources 2006, 157:727-732.
-
(2006)
J. Power Sources
, vol.157
, pp. 727-732
-
-
Gómez, X.1
Morán, A.2
Cuetos, M.J.3
Sánchez, M.E.4
-
14
-
-
56049095711
-
Bio-hydrogen production from waste fermentation: mixing and static conditions
-
'Gómez X., Cuetos M.J., Prieto J.I., Morán A. Bio-hydrogen production from waste fermentation: mixing and static conditions. Renew. Energy 2009, 34:970-975.
-
(2009)
Renew. Energy
, vol.34
, pp. 970-975
-
-
'Gómez, X.1
Cuetos, M.J.2
Prieto, J.I.3
Morán, A.4
-
15
-
-
66149166233
-
CO2 capture from NGCC power stations using electric swing adsorption (ESA)
-
Grande C.A., Ribeiro R.P.P.L., Rodrigues A.E. CO2 capture from NGCC power stations using electric swing adsorption (ESA). Energy Fuel 2009, 23:2797-2803.
-
(2009)
Energy Fuel
, vol.23
, pp. 2797-2803
-
-
Grande, C.A.1
Ribeiro, R.P.P.L.2
Rodrigues, A.E.3
-
16
-
-
33749869882
-
Effect of sodium ion concentration on hydrogen production from sucrose by anaerobic hydrogen-producing granular sludge
-
Hao X., Zhou M., Yu H., Shen Q., Lei L. Effect of sodium ion concentration on hydrogen production from sucrose by anaerobic hydrogen-producing granular sludge. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2006, 14:511-517.
-
(2006)
Chin. J. Chem. Eng.
, vol.14
, pp. 511-517
-
-
Hao, X.1
Zhou, M.2
Yu, H.3
Shen, Q.4
Lei, L.5
-
17
-
-
49249094585
-
Reducing the cost of CO2 capture from flue gases using pressure swing adsorption
-
Ho M.T., Allinson G.W., Wiley D.E. Reducing the cost of CO2 capture from flue gases using pressure swing adsorption. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2008, 47:4883-4890.
-
(2008)
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
, vol.47
, pp. 4883-4890
-
-
Ho, M.T.1
Allinson, G.W.2
Wiley, D.E.3
-
18
-
-
80055114311
-
-
IPCC, Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
-
IPCC, 2007. Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
-
(2007)
-
-
-
19
-
-
80055107219
-
-
IPCC, The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group l to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
-
IPCC, 2007b. The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group l to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
-
(2007)
-
-
-
20
-
-
38049071132
-
Optimization of continuous hydrogen fermentation of food waste as a function of solids retention time independent of hydraulic retention time
-
Kim S.H., Han S.K., Shin H.S. Optimization of continuous hydrogen fermentation of food waste as a function of solids retention time independent of hydraulic retention time. Process Biochem. 2008, 43:213-218.
-
(2008)
Process Biochem.
, vol.43
, pp. 213-218
-
-
Kim, S.H.1
Han, S.K.2
Shin, H.S.3
-
21
-
-
28944455507
-
Effect of substrate concentration on hydrogen production and 16S rDNA-based analysis of the microbial community in a continuous fermenter
-
Kim S.H., Han S.K., Shin H.S. Effect of substrate concentration on hydrogen production and 16S rDNA-based analysis of the microbial community in a continuous fermenter. Process Biochem. 2006, 41:199-207.
-
(2006)
Process Biochem.
, vol.41
, pp. 199-207
-
-
Kim, S.H.1
Han, S.K.2
Shin, H.S.3
-
22
-
-
37749005493
-
Curbing the greenhouse effect by carbon dioxide adsorption with zeolite 13X
-
Konduru N., Lindner P., Assaf-Anid N.M. Curbing the greenhouse effect by carbon dioxide adsorption with zeolite 13X. AIChE J. 2007, 53:3137-3143.
-
(2007)
AIChE J.
, vol.53
, pp. 3137-3143
-
-
Konduru, N.1
Lindner, P.2
Assaf-Anid, N.M.3
-
23
-
-
33646069649
-
Influence of substrate concentration on the stability and yield of continuous biohydrogen production
-
Kyazze G., Martinez-Perez N., Dinsdale R., Premier G.C., Hawkes F.R., Guwy A.J., Hawkes D.L. Influence of substrate concentration on the stability and yield of continuous biohydrogen production. Biotechnol. Bioenergy 2006, 5:971-979.
-
(2006)
Biotechnol. Bioenergy
, vol.5
, pp. 971-979
-
-
Kyazze, G.1
Martinez-Perez, N.2
Dinsdale, R.3
Premier, G.C.4
Hawkes, F.R.5
Guwy, A.J.6
Hawkes, D.L.7
-
24
-
-
77957711577
-
Bioproduction of hydrogen from food waste by pilot-scale combined hydrogen/methane fermentation
-
Lee Y.W., Chung J. Bioproduction of hydrogen from food waste by pilot-scale combined hydrogen/methane fermentation. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35:11746-11755.
-
(2010)
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, vol.35
, pp. 11746-11755
-
-
Lee, Y.W.1
Chung, J.2
-
25
-
-
58549100243
-
Hydrogen production characteristics of the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes by anaerobic mixed culture fermentation
-
Li D., Yuan Z., Sun Z., Sun Y., Kong X., Zhang Y. Hydrogen production characteristics of the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes by anaerobic mixed culture fermentation. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34:812-820.
-
(2009)
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, vol.34
, pp. 812-820
-
-
Li, D.1
Yuan, Z.2
Sun, Z.3
Sun, Y.4
Kong, X.5
Zhang, Y.6
-
26
-
-
0036827172
-
Behavioral study on hydrogen fermentation reactor installed with silicone rubber membrane
-
Liang T., Cheng S., Wu K. Behavioral study on hydrogen fermentation reactor installed with silicone rubber membrane. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2002, 27:1157-1165.
-
(2002)
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, vol.27
, pp. 1157-1165
-
-
Liang, T.1
Cheng, S.2
Wu, K.3
-
27
-
-
0032999059
-
Hydrogen production during the anaerobic acidogenic conversion of glucose
-
Lin C.Y., Chang R.C. Hydrogen production during the anaerobic acidogenic conversion of glucose. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 1999, 74:498-500.
-
(1999)
J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.
, vol.74
, pp. 498-500
-
-
Lin, C.Y.1
Chang, R.C.2
-
28
-
-
78049476937
-
Pilot-scale hydrogen fermentation system start-up performance
-
Lin C.Y., Wu S.-Y., Lin P.J., Chang J.S., Hung C.H., Lee K.S., Chang F.Y., Chu C.Y., Cheng C.H., Lay C.H., Chang A.C. Pilot-scale hydrogen fermentation system start-up performance. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35:13452-13457.
-
(2010)
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, vol.35
, pp. 13452-13457
-
-
Lin, C.Y.1
Wu, S.-Y.2
Lin, P.J.3
Chang, J.S.4
Hung, C.H.5
Lee, K.S.6
Chang, F.Y.7
Chu, C.Y.8
Cheng, C.H.9
Lay, C.H.10
Chang, A.C.11
-
29
-
-
65249113301
-
Enhancing capacity of activated carbons for hydrogen purification
-
Lopes F.V.S., Grande C.A., Ribeiro A.M., Oliveira E.L.G., Loureiro J.M., Rodrigues A.E. Enhancing capacity of activated carbons for hydrogen purification. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48:3978-3990.
-
(2009)
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
, vol.48
, pp. 3978-3990
-
-
Lopes, F.V.S.1
Grande, C.A.2
Ribeiro, A.M.3
Oliveira, E.L.G.4
Loureiro, J.M.5
Rodrigues, A.E.6
-
30
-
-
77955510832
-
On the limits of CO2 capture capacity of carbons
-
Martín C.F., Plaza M.G., Pis J.J., Rubiera F., Pevida C., Centeno T.A. On the limits of CO2 capture capacity of carbons. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2010, 74:225-229.
-
(2010)
Sep. Purif. Technol.
, vol.74
, pp. 225-229
-
-
Martín, C.F.1
Plaza, M.G.2
Pis, J.J.3
Rubiera, F.4
Pevida, C.5
Centeno, T.A.6
-
31
-
-
77950368374
-
Investigation of the effect of culture type on biological hydrogen production from sugar industry wastes
-
Ozkan L., Erguder T.H., Demirer G.N. Investigation of the effect of culture type on biological hydrogen production from sugar industry wastes. Waste Manage. 2010, 30:792-798.
-
(2010)
Waste Manage.
, vol.30
, pp. 792-798
-
-
Ozkan, L.1
Erguder, T.H.2
Demirer, G.N.3
-
32
-
-
50549104058
-
Surface modification of activated carbons for CO2 capture
-
Pevida C., Plaza M.G., Arias B., Fermoso J., Rubiera F., Pis J.J. Surface modification of activated carbons for CO2 capture. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2008, 254:7165-7172.
-
(2008)
Appl. Surf. Sci.
, vol.254
, pp. 7165-7172
-
-
Pevida, C.1
Plaza, M.G.2
Arias, B.3
Fermoso, J.4
Rubiera, F.5
Pis, J.J.6
-
33
-
-
69149086193
-
Different approaches for the development of low-cost CO2 adsorbents.
-
J. Environ. Eng. - ASCE 135, 426-432.
-
Plaza, M.G., Pevida, C., Arias, B., Casal, M.D., Martín, C.F., Fermoso, J., Rubiera, F., Pis, J.J., 2009a. Different approaches for the development of low-cost CO2 adsorbents. J. Environ. Eng. - ASCE 135, 426-432.
-
(2009)
-
-
Plaza, M.G.1
Pevida, C.2
Arias, B.3
Casal, M.D.4
Martín, C.F.5
Fermoso, J.6
Rubiera, F.7
Pis, J.J.8
-
34
-
-
69949092688
-
Development of low-cost biomass-based adsorbents for postcombustion CO2 capture
-
Plaza M.G., Pevida C., Arias B., Fermoso J., Casal M.D., Martín C.F., Rubiera F., Pis J.J. Development of low-cost biomass-based adsorbents for postcombustion CO2 capture. Fuel 2009, 88:2442-2447.
-
(2009)
Fuel
, vol.88
, pp. 2442-2447
-
-
Plaza, M.G.1
Pevida, C.2
Arias, B.3
Fermoso, J.4
Casal, M.D.5
Martín, C.F.6
Rubiera, F.7
Pis, J.J.8
-
35
-
-
77956288754
-
Post-combustion CO2 capture with a commercial activated carbon: comparison of different regeneration strategies
-
Plaza M.G., García S., Rubiera F., Pis J.J., Pevida C. Post-combustion CO2 capture with a commercial activated carbon: comparison of different regeneration strategies. Chem. Eng. J. 2010, 163:41-47.
-
(2010)
Chem. Eng. J.
, vol.163
, pp. 41-47
-
-
Plaza, M.G.1
García, S.2
Rubiera, F.3
Pis, J.J.4
Pevida, C.5
-
36
-
-
76449083074
-
Developing almond shell-derived activated carbons as CO2 adsorbents
-
Plaza M.G., Pevida C., Martín C.F., Fermoso J., Pis J.J., Rubiera F. Developing almond shell-derived activated carbons as CO2 adsorbents. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2010, 71:102-106.
-
(2010)
Sep. Purif. Technol.
, vol.71
, pp. 102-106
-
-
Plaza, M.G.1
Pevida, C.2
Martín, C.F.3
Fermoso, J.4
Pis, J.J.5
Rubiera, F.6
-
37
-
-
64749098287
-
Integrating dark and light bio-hydrogen production strategies: towards the hydrogen economy
-
Redwood M.D., Paterson-Beedle M., Macaskie L.E. Integrating dark and light bio-hydrogen production strategies: towards the hydrogen economy. Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol. 2009, 8:149-185.
-
(2009)
Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol.
, vol.8
, pp. 149-185
-
-
Redwood, M.D.1
Paterson-Beedle, M.2
Macaskie, L.E.3
-
38
-
-
33750997299
-
Biohydrogen production from molasses by anaerobic fermentation with a pilot-scale bioreactor system
-
Ren N., Li J., Baikun Li., Wang Y., Liu S. Biohydrogen production from molasses by anaerobic fermentation with a pilot-scale bioreactor system. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2006, 31(15):2147-2157.
-
(2006)
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, vol.31
, Issue.15
, pp. 2147-2157
-
-
Ren, N.1
Li, J.2
Baikun, L.3
Wang, Y.4
Liu, S.5
-
39
-
-
33846691260
-
Assessing optimal fermentation type for bio-hydrogen production in continuous-flow acidogenic reactors
-
Ren N.Q., Chua H., Chan S.Y., Tsang Y.F., Wang Y.J., Sin N. Assessing optimal fermentation type for bio-hydrogen production in continuous-flow acidogenic reactors. Bioresour. Technol. 2007, 98:1774-1780.
-
(2007)
Bioresour. Technol.
, vol.98
, pp. 1774-1780
-
-
Ren, N.Q.1
Chua, H.2
Chan, S.Y.3
Tsang, Y.F.4
Wang, Y.J.5
Sin, N.6
-
40
-
-
34248580640
-
State-of-the-art adsorption and membrane separation processes for hydrogen production in the chemical and petrochemical industries
-
Ritter J.A., Ebner A.D. State-of-the-art adsorption and membrane separation processes for hydrogen production in the chemical and petrochemical industries. Sep. Sci. Technol. 2007, 42:1123-1193.
-
(2007)
Sep. Sci. Technol.
, vol.42
, pp. 1123-1193
-
-
Ritter, J.A.1
Ebner, A.D.2
-
42
-
-
3142701514
-
Hydrogen production from food waste in anaerobic mesophilic and thermophilic acidogenesis Int
-
Shin H.S., Youn J.H., Kim S.H. Hydrogen production from food waste in anaerobic mesophilic and thermophilic acidogenesis Int. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2004, 29:1355-1363.
-
(2004)
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, vol.29
, pp. 1355-1363
-
-
Shin, H.S.1
Youn, J.H.2
Kim, S.H.3
-
43
-
-
80051691501
-
Biohydrogen from thermophilic co-fermentation of swine manure with fruit and vegetable waste maximizing stable production without pH control
-
doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.03.102
-
Tenca, A., Schievano, A., Perazzolo, F., Adani, F., Oberti, R., 2011. Biohydrogen from thermophilic co-fermentation of swine manure with fruit and vegetable waste: maximizing stable production without pH control. Bioresour. Technol. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.03.102.
-
(2011)
Bioresour. Technol.
-
-
Tenca, A.1
Schievano, A.2
Perazzolo, F.3
Adani, F.4
Oberti, R.5
-
44
-
-
0036827170
-
Lab-scale bioreactor integrated with active membrane system for hydrogen production: experience and prospects
-
Teplyakov V.V., Gassanova L.G., Sostina E.G., Slepova E.V., Modigell M., Netrusov A.I. Lab-scale bioreactor integrated with active membrane system for hydrogen production: experience and prospects. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2002, 27:1149-1155.
-
(2002)
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, vol.27
, pp. 1149-1155
-
-
Teplyakov, V.V.1
Gassanova, L.G.2
Sostina, E.G.3
Slepova, E.V.4
Modigell, M.5
Netrusov, A.I.6
-
45
-
-
40849141029
-
Hydrogen production by continuous cultures of Escherichia coli under different nutrient regimes
-
Turcot J., Bisaillon A., Hallenbeck P.C. Hydrogen production by continuous cultures of Escherichia coli under different nutrient regimes. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2008, 33(2008):1465-1470.
-
(2008)
Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, vol.33
, Issue.2008
, pp. 1465-1470
-
-
Turcot, J.1
Bisaillon, A.2
Hallenbeck, P.C.3
-
46
-
-
24944432242
-
Increased biological hydrogen production with reduced organic loading
-
Van Ginkel S.W., Logan B.E. Increased biological hydrogen production with reduced organic loading. Water Res. 2005, 39:3819-3826.
-
(2005)
Water Res.
, vol.39
, pp. 3819-3826
-
-
Van Ginkel, S.W.1
Logan, B.E.2
-
47
-
-
28444497004
-
Inhibition of biohydrogen production by undissociated acetic and butyric acids
-
Van Ginkel S.W., Logan B.E. Inhibition of biohydrogen production by undissociated acetic and butyric acids. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:9351-9356.
-
(2005)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.39
, pp. 9351-9356
-
-
Van Ginkel, S.W.1
Logan, B.E.2
-
48
-
-
34948883494
-
The effect of incubation conditions on the laboratory measurement of the methane producing capacity of livestock wastes
-
Vedrenne F., Béline F., Dabert P., Bernet N. The effect of incubation conditions on the laboratory measurement of the methane producing capacity of livestock wastes. Bioresour. Technol. 2008, 99:146-155.
-
(2008)
Bioresour. Technol.
, vol.99
, pp. 146-155
-
-
Vedrenne, F.1
Béline, F.2
Dabert, P.3
Bernet, N.4
-
49
-
-
0346934976
-
Hydrogen production from rice winery wastewater by using a continuously stirred reactor
-
Yu H.Q., Hu Z.H., Hong T.Q. Hydrogen production from rice winery wastewater by using a continuously stirred reactor. J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. 2003, 36:1147-1151.
-
(2003)
J. Chem. Eng. Jpn.
, vol.36
, pp. 1147-1151
-
-
Yu, H.Q.1
Hu, Z.H.2
Hong, T.Q.3
|