Effect of solvent annealing in the presence of electric field on P3HT:PCBM films used in organic solar cells

IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices

Volumn 58, Issue 11, 2011, Pages 4061-4066

  Bagui, Anirban ^a   Iyer, S Sundar Kumar ^a  

^a INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KANPUR   (India)

Author keywords

Conjugated polymers; electric field annealing; photovoltaic devices; solvent annealing

Indexed keywords

ACTIVE LAYER; BULK HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR CELLS; COMPARATIVE STUDIES; ELECTRIC FIELD ANNEALING; ELECTROOPTICAL PROPERTIES; EXTERNAL QUANTUM EFFICIENCY; FILM MORPHOLOGY; METHYL ESTERS; ORGANIC SOLAR CELL; PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES; POWER CONVERSION EFFICIENCIES; SOLVENT ANNEALING; SOLVENT DRYING; THERMAL-ANNEALING;

BUTYRIC ACID; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; ELECTRIC FIELDS; ELECTRIC PROPERTIES; FATTY ACIDS; HETEROJUNCTIONS; PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECTS; SOLVENTS; THIOPHENE;

ANNEALING;

EID: 80054958845     PISSN: 00189383     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TED.2011.2164545     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. H. Hoppe and N. S. Sariciftci, "Organic solar cells: An overview", J. Mater. Res., vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1924-1945, Jul. 2004.
2. S. E. Gledhill, J. C. Scott, and B. A. Gregg, "Organic and nano-structured composite photovoltaics: An overview", J. Mater. Res., vol. 20, no. 12, pp. 3167-3179, Dec. 2005. (Pubitemid 43072364)
3. S. Günes, H. Neugebauer, and N. S. Sariciftci, "Conjugated polymerbased organic solar cells", Chem. Rev., vol. 107, no. 4, pp. 1324-1338, Apr. 2007. (Pubitemid 46736541)
4. J. C. Hummelen, B. W. Knight, F. Lepeq, F. Wudl, J. Yao, and C. L. Wilkins, "Preparation and characterization of Fulleroid and methanofullerene derivatives", J. Org. Chem., vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 532-538, 1995.
5. P. Schilinsky, C. Waldauf, and C. J. Brabec, "Recombination and loss analysis in polythiophene based bulk heterojunction photodetectors", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 81, no. 20, pp. 3885-3887, Nov. 2002. (Pubitemid 35445542)
6. F. Padinger, R. S. Rittberger, and N. S. Sariciftci, "Effect of postproduction treatment on plastic solar cells", Adv. Funct. Mater., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 85-88, Jan. 2003.
7. X. Yang, J. Loos, S. C. Veenstra, W. J. H. Verhees, M. M. Wienk, J. M. Kroon, M. A. J. Michels, and R. A. J. Janssen, "Nanoscale morphology of high-performance polymer solar cells", Nano Lett., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 579-583, Apr. 2005. (Pubitemid 40609723)
8. M. Reyes-Reyes, K. Kim, and D. L. Carroll, "High efficiency photovoltaic devices based on annealed poly (3-hexyl thiophene) and 1-3-methoxycarbonyl-propyl-1-phenyl-(6, 6) C61 blends", Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 87, no. 8, pp. 083506-1-083506-3, Aug. 2005.
9. G. Li, Y. Yao, H. Yang, V. Shrotriya, G. Yang, and Y. Yang, "Solvent annealing effect in polymer solar cells based on Poly (3-hexylthiophene): Methanofullerene-An evolution study", Adv. Funct. Mater., vol. 17, no. 10, pp. 1636-1644, Jul. 2007.
10. S. Miller, G. Fanchini, Y. Y. Lin, C. Li, C. Chen, W. Su, and M. Chhowalla, "Investigation of nanoscale morphological changes in organic photovoltaics during solvent vapor annealing", J. Mater. Chem., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 306-312, 2008.
11. H. Jin, Y. Hou, Q. Shi, X. Meng, and F. Teng, "Improving photovoltaic properties via electric-field-induced orientation of conjugated polymer", Solid State Commun., vol. 140, no. 11/12, pp. 555-558, Dec. 2006. (Pubitemid 44667768)
12. Y. Li, Y. Hou, Y. Wang, Z. Feng, B. Feng, L. Qin, and F. Teng, "Thermal treatment under reverse bias: Effective tool for polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells", Synthetic Metals, vol. 158, no. 5, pp. 190-193, Mar. 2008.
13. A. O. Sevim and S. Mutlu, "Post-fabrication electric field and thermal treatment of polymer light emitting diodes and their photovoltaic properties", Org. Electron., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 18-26, Feb. 2009.
14. B. D. Cullity, Elements of X-Ray Diffraction. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1956.
15. T. Erb, U. Zhokhavets, G. Gobsch, S. Raleva, B. Stühn, P. Schilinsky, C. Waldauf, and C. J. Brabec, "Correlation between structural and optical properties of composite polymer films for organic solar cells", Adv. Funct. Mater., vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 1193-1196, Jul. 2005. (Pubitemid 41042348)
16. T. Erb, S. Raleva, U. Zhokhavets, G. Gobsch, B. Stühn, M. Spode, and O. Ambacher, "Structural and optical properties of both pure poly (3-octylthiophene) (P3OT) and P3OT/fullerene films", Thin Solid Films, vol. 450, no. 1, pp. 97-100, Feb. 2004.
17. K. E. Aasmundtveit, E. J. Samuelsen, M. Guldstein, C. Steinsland, O. Flornes, C. Fagermo, T. M. Seeberg, L. A. A. Pettersson, O. Inganäs, R. Feidenhans'l, and S. Ferrer, "Structural anisotropy of poly (alkylthiophene) films", Macromolecules, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 3120-3127, Apr. 2000.
18. T. J. Prosa, M. J. Winokur, J. Moulton, P. Smith, and A. J. Heeger, "X-ray structural studies of Poly (3-alkyl thiophene): an example of an inverse comb", Macromolecules, vol. 25, no. 17, pp. 4364-4372, Aug. 1992. (Pubitemid 23567554)
19. C. F. N. Marchiori and M. Koehler, "Dipole assisted exciton dissociation at conjugated polymer/fullerene photovoltaic interfaces: A molecular study using density functional theory calculation", Synthetic Metals, vol. 160, no. 7/8, pp. 643-650, Apr. 2010.
20. S. R. Forrest, "The limits to organic photovoltaic cell efficiency", MRS Bull., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 28-32, Jan. 2005. (Pubitemid 40748781)
21. P. Peumans, S. Uchida, and S. R. Forrest, "Efficient bulk hetero junction photovoltaic cells using small-molecular-weight organic thin films", Nature, vol. 425, no. 6954, pp. 158-162, Sep. 2003. (Pubitemid 37150889)