메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 33, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 1413-1432

Incidence and US Costs of Corticosteroid-Associated Adverse Events: A Systematic Literature Review

Author keywords

Adverse events; Corticosteroids; Cost analysis; Long term treatment

Indexed keywords

BUDESONIDE; CORTICOSTEROID; DEXAMETHASONE; FLUOCORTOLONE; HYDROCORTISONE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; PREDNISOLONE; PREDNISONE;

EID: 80054947972     PISSN: 01492918     EISSN: 1879114X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.09.009     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (211)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 84888219858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Accessed March 5, 2010
    • Elixhauser A., Owens P. Adverse Drug Events in U.S. Hospitals, 2004 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Accessed March 5, 2010. http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb29.pdf.
    • Adverse Drug Events in U.S. Hospitals, 2004
    • Elixhauser, A.1    Owens, P.2
  • 2
    • 72249120351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse events of low- to medium-dose oral glucocorticoids in inflammatory diseases: a meta-analysis
    • Hoes J.N., Jacobs J.W., Verstappen S.M., et al. Adverse events of low- to medium-dose oral glucocorticoids in inflammatory diseases: a meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 2009, 68:1833-1838.
    • (2009) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.68 , pp. 1833-1838
    • Hoes, J.N.1    Jacobs, J.W.2    Verstappen, S.M.3
  • 3
    • 84865163133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medication therapy in ambulatory medical care: United States, 2003-4. National Center for Health Statistics
    • Raofi S., Schappert S.M. Medication therapy in ambulatory medical care: United States, 2003-4. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2006, 13:1-40.
    • (2006) Vital Health Stat , vol.13 , pp. 1-40
    • Raofi, S.1    Schappert, S.M.2
  • 4
    • 8444232861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoids in the treatment of rheumatic diseases: an update on the mechanisms of action
    • Buttgereit F., Straub R.H., Wehling M., Burmester G.R. Glucocorticoids in the treatment of rheumatic diseases: an update on the mechanisms of action. Arthritis Rheum 2004, 50:3408-3417.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , pp. 3408-3417
    • Buttgereit, F.1    Straub, R.H.2    Wehling, M.3    Burmester, G.R.4
  • 5
    • 0033883546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Damage in systemic lupus erythematosus and its association with corticosteroids
    • Zonana-Nacach A., Barr S.G., Magder L.S., et al. Damage in systemic lupus erythematosus and its association with corticosteroids. Arthritis Rheum 2000, 43:1801-1808.
    • (2000) Arthritis Rheum , vol.43 , pp. 1801-1808
    • Zonana-Nacach, A.1    Barr, S.G.2    Magder, L.S.3
  • 6
    • 39449099564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent corticosteroid use and recent disease activity: independent determinants of coronary heart disease risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus?
    • Karp I., Abrahamowicz M., Fortin P.R., et al. Recent corticosteroid use and recent disease activity: independent determinants of coronary heart disease risk factors in systemic lupus erythematosus?. Arthritis Rheum 2008, 59:169-175.
    • (2008) Arthritis Rheum , vol.59 , pp. 169-175
    • Karp, I.1    Abrahamowicz, M.2    Fortin, P.R.3
  • 7
    • 67349120988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cumulative burden of oral corticosteroid side effects and the economic implications of steroid use
    • Manson S.C., Brown R.E., Cerulli A., Vidaurre C.F. The cumulative burden of oral corticosteroid side effects and the economic implications of steroid use. Respir Med 2009, 103:975-994.
    • (2009) Respir Med , vol.103 , pp. 975-994
    • Manson, S.C.1    Brown, R.E.2    Cerulli, A.3    Vidaurre, C.F.4
  • 8
    • 24944536268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost of glucocorticoid-associated adverse events in rheumatoid arthritis
    • Pisu M., James N., Sampsel S., Saag K.G. The cost of glucocorticoid-associated adverse events in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology 2005, 44:781-788.
    • (2005) Rheumatology , vol.44 , pp. 781-788
    • Pisu, M.1    James, N.2    Sampsel, S.3    Saag, K.G.4
  • 9
    • 11444256939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study quality and evidence of benefit in recent assessments of telemedicine
    • Hailey D., Ohinmaa A., Roine R. Study quality and evidence of benefit in recent assessments of telemedicine. J Telemed Telecare 2004, 10:318-324.
    • (2004) J Telemed Telecare , vol.10 , pp. 318-324
    • Hailey, D.1    Ohinmaa, A.2    Roine, R.3
  • 10
    • 0031029735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid-associated complications in elderly Crohn's disease patients
    • Akerkar G.A., Peppercorn M.A., Hammel M.B., Parker R.A. Corticosteroid-associated complications in elderly Crohn's disease patients. Am J Gastroenterol 1997, 92:461-464.
    • (1997) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.92 , pp. 461-464
    • Akerkar, G.A.1    Peppercorn, M.A.2    Hammel, M.B.3    Parker, R.A.4
  • 11
    • 84873087164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids increase risk for acute myocardial infarction in rheumatoid arthritis
    • The effects of careful modeling of cumulative exposure. Poster presented at: American College of Rheumatology 2009 Annual Meeting; October 17-21, Philadelphia, Pa.
    • Avina-Zubieta JA, Abrahamowicz M, Choi HK, et al. Corticosteroids increase risk for acute myocardial infarction in rheumatoid arthritis. The effects of careful modeling of cumulative exposure. Poster presented at: American College of Rheumatology 2009 Annual Meeting; October 17-21, 2009; Philadelphia, Pa.
    • (2009)
    • Avina-Zubieta, J.A.1    Abrahamowicz, M.2    Choi, H.K.3
  • 12
    • 3042528431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of mood states in patients receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy and in controls with patient-rated and clinician-rated scales
    • Bolanos S.H., Khan D.A., Hanczyc M., et al. Assessment of mood states in patients receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy and in controls with patient-rated and clinician-rated scales. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2004, 92:500-505.
    • (2004) Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol , vol.92 , pp. 500-505
    • Bolanos, S.H.1    Khan, D.A.2    Hanczyc, M.3
  • 13
    • 0015404146 scopus 로고
    • Acute adverse reactions to prednisone in relation to dosage
    • Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program
    • Acute adverse reactions to prednisone in relation to dosage. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1972, 13(5 Part 1):694-698. Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program.
    • (1972) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.13 , Issue.5 PART 1 , pp. 694-698
  • 14
    • 0036155127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mood changes during prednisone bursts in outpatients with asthma
    • Brown E.S., et al. Mood changes during prednisone bursts in outpatients with asthma. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2002, 22:55-61.
    • (2002) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.22 , pp. 55-61
    • Brown, E.S.1
  • 15
    • 70350045285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid use and risk of atrial fibrillation or flutter: a population-based, case-control study
    • Christiansen C.F., Christensen S., Mehnert F., et al. Glucocorticoid use and risk of atrial fibrillation or flutter: a population-based, case-control study. Arch Intern Med 2009, 169:1677-1683.
    • (2009) Arch Intern Med , vol.169 , pp. 1677-1683
    • Christiansen, C.F.1    Christensen, S.2    Mehnert, F.3
  • 16
    • 0027481290 scopus 로고
    • Side effects of glucocorticoid treatment. Experience of the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial
    • Chrousos G.A., Kattah J.C., Beck R.W., Cleary P.A. Side effects of glucocorticoid treatment. Experience of the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial. JAMA 1993, 269:2110-2112.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.269 , pp. 2110-2112
    • Chrousos, G.A.1    Kattah, J.C.2    Beck, R.W.3    Cleary, P.A.4
  • 17
    • 0028561942 scopus 로고
    • >Corticosteroids and peptic ulcer: meta-analysis of adverse events during steroid therapy
    • Conn H.O., Poynard T. >Corticosteroids and peptic ulcer: meta-analysis of adverse events during steroid therapy. J Intern Med 1994, 236:619-632.
    • (1994) J Intern Med , vol.236 , pp. 619-632
    • Conn, H.O.1    Poynard, T.2
  • 18
    • 34147113934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal insufficiency secondary to glucocorticoid withdrawal in patients with brain tumor
    • Da Silva A.N., Schiff D. Adrenal insufficiency secondary to glucocorticoid withdrawal in patients with brain tumor. Surg Neurol 2007, 67:508-510.
    • (2007) Surg Neurol , vol.67 , pp. 508-510
    • Da Silva, A.N.1    Schiff, D.2
  • 19
    • 33846191960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fracture risk with intermittent high-dose oral glucocorticoid therapy
    • de Vries F., Bracke M., Leufkens H.G.M., et al. Fracture risk with intermittent high-dose oral glucocorticoid therapy. Arthritis Rheum 2007, 56:208-214.
    • (2007) Arthritis Rheum , vol.56 , pp. 208-214
    • de Vries, F.1    Bracke, M.2    Leufkens, H.G.M.3
  • 20
    • 70349928658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid therapy and risk of bladder cancer
    • Dietrich K., Schned A., Fortuny J., et al. Glucocorticoid therapy and risk of bladder cancer. Br J Cancer 2009, 101:1316-1320.
    • (2009) Br J Cancer , vol.101 , pp. 1316-1320
    • Dietrich, K.1    Schned, A.2    Fortuny, J.3
  • 21
    • 0027255278 scopus 로고
    • Severe varicella associated with steroid use
    • Dowell S.F., Bresee J.S. Severe varicella associated with steroid use. Pediatrics 1993, 92:223-228.
    • (1993) Pediatrics , vol.92 , pp. 223-228
    • Dowell, S.F.1    Bresee, J.S.2
  • 22
    • 38549125487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal axis function after high-dose steroid therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    • Einaudi S., Bertorello N., Masera N., et al. Adrenal axis function after high-dose steroid therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008, 50:537-541.
    • (2008) Pediatr Blood Cancer , vol.50 , pp. 537-541
    • Einaudi, S.1    Bertorello, N.2    Masera, N.3
  • 23
    • 34447333143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid-induced lipodystrophy is associated with features of the metabolic syndrome
    • Fardet L., Cabane J., Kettaneh A., et al. Corticosteroid-induced lipodystrophy is associated with features of the metabolic syndrome. Rheumatology 2007, 46:1102-1106.
    • (2007) Rheumatology , vol.46 , pp. 1102-1106
    • Fardet, L.1    Cabane, J.2    Kettaneh, A.3
  • 24
    • 34250631652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid-induced clinical adverse events: frequency, risk factors and patient's opinion
    • Fardet L., Flahault A., Kettaneh A., et al. Corticosteroid-induced clinical adverse events: frequency, risk factors and patient's opinion. Br J Dermatol 2007, 157:142-148.
    • (2007) Br J Dermatol , vol.157 , pp. 142-148
    • Fardet, L.1    Flahault, A.2    Kettaneh, A.3
  • 25
    • 0030846856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse outcomes of antiinflammatory therapy among patients with polymyalgia rheumatica
    • Gabriel S.E., Sunku J., Salvarani C., et al. Adverse outcomes of antiinflammatory therapy among patients with polymyalgia rheumatica. Arthritis Rheum 1997, 40:1873-1878.
    • (1997) Arthritis Rheum , vol.40 , pp. 1873-1878
    • Gabriel, S.E.1    Sunku, J.2    Salvarani, C.3
  • 27
    • 84873088077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of methotrexate (MTX), TNF-inhibitors (TNF-1) and prednisone (PRED) with risk of infection among RA patients
    • 171-171
    • Greenberg J.D., Kavanaugh A., Hochberg M., et al. Association of methotrexate (MTX), TNF-inhibitors (TNF-1) and prednisone (PRED) with risk of infection among RA patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2007, 66. 171-171.
    • (2007) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.66
    • Greenberg, J.D.1    Kavanaugh, A.2    Hochberg, M.3
  • 28
    • 35948947756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low-dose prednisolone on endothelial function, atherosclerosis, and traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-a randomized study
    • Hafstrom I., Rohani M., Deneberg S., et al. Effects of low-dose prednisolone on endothelial function, atherosclerosis, and traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-a randomized study. J Rheumatol 2007, 34:1810-1816.
    • (2007) J Rheumatol , vol.34 , pp. 1810-1816
    • Hafstrom, I.1    Rohani, M.2    Deneberg, S.3
  • 29
    • 0035370434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroids and risk of upper gastrointestinal complications
    • Hernandez-Diaz S., Rodriguez L.A. Steroids and risk of upper gastrointestinal complications. Am J Epidemiol 2001, 153:1089-1093.
    • (2001) Am J Epidemiol , vol.153 , pp. 1089-1093
    • Hernandez-Diaz, S.1    Rodriguez, L.A.2
  • 30
    • 67549101316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-related patterns of glucocorticoid-induced side effects
    • Huscher D., Thiele K., Gromnica-Ihle E., et al. Dose-related patterns of glucocorticoid-induced side effects. Ann Rheum Dis 2009, 68:1119-1124.
    • (2009) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.68 , pp. 1119-1124
    • Huscher, D.1    Thiele, K.2    Gromnica-Ihle, E.3
  • 31
    • 58149231238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of oral glucocorticoids and risk of skin cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a population-based case-control study
    • Jensen A.O., Thomsen H.F., Engebjerg M.C., et al. Use of oral glucocorticoids and risk of skin cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a population-based case-control study. Br J Cancer 2009, 100:200-205.
    • (2009) Br J Cancer , vol.100 , pp. 200-205
    • Jensen, A.O.1    Thomsen, H.F.2    Engebjerg, M.C.3
  • 32
    • 32544459126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid use, other associated factors, and the risk of tuberculosis
    • Jick S.S., Lieberman E.S., Rahman M.U., Choi H.K. Glucocorticoid use, other associated factors, and the risk of tuberculosis. Arthritis Rheum 2006, 55:19-26.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.55 , pp. 19-26
    • Jick, S.S.1    Lieberman, E.S.2    Rahman, M.U.3    Choi, H.K.4
  • 33
    • 71049165615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Notable difference between the development of vertebral fracture and osteonecrosis of the femoral head in patients treated with high-dose glucocorticoids for systemic rheumatic diseases
    • Kameda H., Amano K., Nagasawa H., et al. Notable difference between the development of vertebral fracture and osteonecrosis of the femoral head in patients treated with high-dose glucocorticoids for systemic rheumatic diseases. Intern Med 2009, 48:1931-1938.
    • (2009) Intern Med , vol.48 , pp. 1931-1938
    • Kameda, H.1    Amano, K.2    Nagasawa, H.3
  • 34
    • 68449090148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastric mucosal injury in systemic lupus erythematosus patients receiving pulse methylprednisolone therapy
    • Luo J.C., Chang F.Y., Chen T.S., et al. Gastric mucosal injury in systemic lupus erythematosus patients receiving pulse methylprednisolone therapy. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2009, 68:252-259.
    • (2009) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.68 , pp. 252-259
    • Luo, J.C.1    Chang, F.Y.2    Chen, T.S.3
  • 35
    • 0020596472 scopus 로고
    • Association of adrenocorticosteroid therapy and peptic-ulcer disease
    • Messer J., Reitman D., Sacks H.S., et al. Association of adrenocorticosteroid therapy and peptic-ulcer disease. N Engl J Med 1983, 309:21-24.
    • (1983) N Engl J Med , vol.309 , pp. 21-24
    • Messer, J.1    Reitman, D.2    Sacks, H.S.3
  • 36
    • 0029870143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychopathological and neuropsychological effects of 8-days' corticosteroid treatment. A prospective study
    • Naber D., Sand P., Heigl B. Psychopathological and neuropsychological effects of 8-days' corticosteroid treatment. A prospective study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1996, 21:25-31.
    • (1996) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.21 , pp. 25-31
    • Naber, D.1    Sand, P.2    Heigl, B.3
  • 37
    • 50249123950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequent methylprednisone pulse therapy is a risk factor for steroid cataracts in children
    • Nerome Y., Imanaka H., Nonaka Y., et al. Frequent methylprednisone pulse therapy is a risk factor for steroid cataracts in children. Pediatr Int 2008, 50:541-545.
    • (2008) Pediatr Int , vol.50 , pp. 541-545
    • Nerome, Y.1    Imanaka, H.2    Nonaka, Y.3
  • 38
    • 67349259582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexamethasone and the risk for adrenal suppression in multiple myeloma
    • Ng A.C., Kumar S.K., Russell S.J., et al. Dexamethasone and the risk for adrenal suppression in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2009, 23:1009-1011.
    • (2009) Leukemia , vol.23 , pp. 1009-1011
    • Ng, A.C.1    Kumar, S.K.2    Russell, S.J.3
  • 39
    • 39149122809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier damage as a risk factor for corticosteroid-induced psychiatric disorders in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Nishimura K., Harigai M., Omori M., et al. Blood-brain barrier damage as a risk factor for corticosteroid-induced psychiatric disorders in systemic lupus erythematosus. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2008, 33:395-403.
    • (2008) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.33 , pp. 395-403
    • Nishimura, K.1    Harigai, M.2    Omori, M.3
  • 40
    • 37349045795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term exposure to medium-dose glucocorticoid therapy associates with hypertension in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
    • Panoulas V.F., Douglas K.M.J., Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A., et al. Long-term exposure to medium-dose glucocorticoid therapy associates with hypertension in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008, 47:72-75.
    • (2008) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.47 , pp. 72-75
    • Panoulas, V.F.1    Douglas, K.M.J.2    Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou, A.3
  • 41
    • 0029936514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent corticosteroid use and the risk of complicated varicella in otherwise immunocompetent children
    • Patel H., Macarthur C., Johnson D. Recent corticosteroid use and the risk of complicated varicella in otherwise immunocompetent children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1996, 150:409-414.
    • (1996) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.150 , pp. 409-414
    • Patel, H.1    Macarthur, C.2    Johnson, D.3
  • 42
    • 0025852139 scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid use and peptic ulcer disease: role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
    • Piper J.M., Ray W.A., Daugherty J.R., Griffin M.R. Corticosteroid use and peptic ulcer disease: role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Ann Intern Med 1991, 114:735-740.
    • (1991) Ann Intern Med , vol.114 , pp. 735-740
    • Piper, J.M.1    Ray, W.A.2    Daugherty, J.R.3    Griffin, M.R.4
  • 43
    • 36148956610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexamethasone in the maintenance phase of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment: Is the risk of lethal infections too high?
    • Poele E.M., de Bont E.S.J.M., Boezen M., et al. Dexamethasone in the maintenance phase of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment: Is the risk of lethal infections too high?. Eur J Cancer 2007, 43:2532-2536.
    • (2007) Eur J Cancer , vol.43 , pp. 2532-2536
    • Poele, E.M.1    de Bont, E.S.J.M.2    Boezen, M.3
  • 44
    • 0142063451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid therapy in giant cell arteritis: duration and adverse outcomes
    • Proven A., Gabriel S.E., Orces C., et al. Glucocorticoid therapy in giant cell arteritis: duration and adverse outcomes. Arthritis Rheum 2003, 49:703-708.
    • (2003) Arthritis Rheum , vol.49 , pp. 703-708
    • Proven, A.1    Gabriel, S.E.2    Orces, C.3
  • 45
    • 34249862913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis in children: outcome after two-year follow-up, risk factors, densitometric predictive cut-off values for vertebral fractures
    • Reyes M., Hernandez M., King A., et al. Corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis in children: outcome after two-year follow-up, risk factors, densitometric predictive cut-off values for vertebral fractures. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2007, 25:329-335.
    • (2007) Clin Exp Rheumatol , vol.25 , pp. 329-335
    • Reyes, M.1    Hernandez, M.2    King, A.3
  • 46
    • 0028273838 scopus 로고
    • Low dose long-term corticosteroid therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: an analysis of serious adverse events
    • Saag K.G., Koehnke R., Caldwell J.R., et al. Low dose long-term corticosteroid therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: an analysis of serious adverse events. Am J Med 1994, 96:115-123.
    • (1994) Am J Med , vol.96 , pp. 115-123
    • Saag, K.G.1    Koehnke, R.2    Caldwell, J.R.3
  • 47
    • 53449098936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degree of corticosteroid treatment within the first 2 months of renal transplantation has a strong influence on the incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral Head
    • Shibatani M., Fujioka M., Arai Y., et al. Degree of corticosteroid treatment within the first 2 months of renal transplantation has a strong influence on the incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral Head. Acta Orthopaedica 2008, 79:631-636.
    • (2008) Acta Orthopaedica , vol.79 , pp. 631-636
    • Shibatani, M.1    Fujioka, M.2    Arai, Y.3
  • 48
    • 0014351458 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of serious complications of corticosteroid therapy in respiratory disease
    • Smyllie H.C., Connolly C.K. Incidence of serious complications of corticosteroid therapy in respiratory disease. Thorax 1968, 23:571-581.
    • (1968) Thorax , vol.23 , pp. 571-581
    • Smyllie, H.C.1    Connolly, C.K.2
  • 49
    • 38349174168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal Canarian women receiving oral glucocorticoids have an increased prevalence of vertebral fractures and low values of bone mineral density measured by quantitative computer tomography and dual X-ray absorptiometry, without significant changes in parathyroid hormone
    • Sosa M., Jodar E., Saavedra P., et al. Postmenopausal Canarian women receiving oral glucocorticoids have an increased prevalence of vertebral fractures and low values of bone mineral density measured by quantitative computer tomography and dual X-ray absorptiometry, without significant changes in parathyroid hormone. Eur J Intern Med 2008, 19:51-56.
    • (2008) Eur J Intern Med , vol.19 , pp. 51-56
    • Sosa, M.1    Jodar, E.2    Saavedra, P.3
  • 50
    • 0024762524 scopus 로고
    • Risk of infectious complications in patients taking glucocorticosteroids
    • Stuck A.E., Minder C.E., Frey F.J. Risk of infectious complications in patients taking glucocorticosteroids. Rev Infect Dis 1989, 11:954-963.
    • (1989) Rev Infect Dis , vol.11 , pp. 954-963
    • Stuck, A.E.1    Minder, C.E.2    Frey, F.J.3
  • 51
    • 68449099557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of symptomatic vertebral fracture with high-dose glucocorticoid treatment in the Chiba-Shimoshizu rheumatic cohort between 1986 and 2006
    • Sugiyama T., Tatsuno I., Suzuki S., et al. Incidence of symptomatic vertebral fracture with high-dose glucocorticoid treatment in the Chiba-Shimoshizu rheumatic cohort between 1986 and 2006. Endocr J 2009, 56:591-599.
    • (2009) Endocr J , vol.56 , pp. 591-599
    • Sugiyama, T.1    Tatsuno, I.2    Suzuki, S.3
  • 52
    • 60849113129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of association between glucocorticoid use and presence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study
    • Toms T.E., Panoulas V.F., Douglas K.M.J., et al. Lack of association between glucocorticoid use and presence of the metabolic syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study. Arthritis Res Ther 2008, 10:R145.
    • (2008) Arthritis Res Ther , vol.10
    • Toms, T.E.1    Panoulas, V.F.2    Douglas, K.M.J.3
  • 53
    • 33846349338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus: prevalence and risk factors in primary renal diseases
    • Uzu T., Harada T., Sakaguchi M., et al. Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus: prevalence and risk factors in primary renal diseases. Nephron Clin Pract 2007, 105:c54-c57.
    • (2007) Nephron Clin Pract , vol.105
    • Uzu, T.1    Harada, T.2    Sakaguchi, M.3
  • 54
    • 34248578281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of oral corticosteroids and the risk of acute myocardial infarction
    • Varas-Lorenzo C., Rodriguez L.A.G., Maguire A., et al. Use of oral corticosteroids and the risk of acute myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis 2007, 192:376-383.
    • (2007) Atherosclerosis , vol.192 , pp. 376-383
    • Varas-Lorenzo, C.1    Rodriguez, L.A.G.2    Maguire, A.3
  • 55
    • 43049143010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fracture risk associated with different types of oral corticosteroids and effect of termination of corticosteroids on the risk of fractures
    • Vestergaard P., Rejnmark L., Mosekilde L. Fracture risk associated with different types of oral corticosteroids and effect of termination of corticosteroids on the risk of fractures. Calcif Tissue Int 2008, 82:249-257.
    • (2008) Calcif Tissue Int , vol.82 , pp. 249-257
    • Vestergaard, P.1    Rejnmark, L.2    Mosekilde, L.3
  • 56
    • 0035061065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse effects of oral corticosteroids in relation to dose in patients with lung disease
    • Walsh L.J., Wong C.A., Oborne J., et al. Adverse effects of oral corticosteroids in relation to dose in patients with lung disease. Thorax 2001, 56:279-284.
    • (2001) Thorax , vol.56 , pp. 279-284
    • Walsh, L.J.1    Wong, C.A.2    Oborne, J.3
  • 57
    • 0036810356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms involved in the side effects of glucocorticoids
    • Schäcke H., Döcke W.D., Asadullah K. Mechanisms involved in the side effects of glucocorticoids. Pharm Therapeutics 2002, 96:23-43.
    • (2002) Pharm Therapeutics , vol.96 , pp. 23-43
    • Schäcke, H.1    Döcke, W.D.2    Asadullah, K.3
  • 58
    • 84855222984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACTH, adrenal steroids, and pharmacology of the adrenal cortex
    • McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, L.L. Brunton, B.A. Chabner, B.C. Knollmann (Eds.)
    • Schimmer B.P., Funder J.W. ACTH, adrenal steroids, and pharmacology of the adrenal cortex. Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 2011, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. 12th ed. L.L. Brunton, B.A. Chabner, B.C. Knollmann (Eds.).
    • (2011) Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics
    • Schimmer, B.P.1    Funder, J.W.2
  • 59
    • 0029864560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. American College of Rheumatology Task Force on Osteoporosis Guidelines
    • American College of Rheumatology
    • Recommendations for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. American College of Rheumatology Task Force on Osteoporosis Guidelines. Arthritis Rheum 1996, 39:1791-1801. American College of Rheumatology.
    • (1996) Arthritis Rheum , vol.39 , pp. 1791-1801
  • 60
    • 0030592366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and costs to Medicare of fractures among Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years-United States, July 1991-July 1992
    • Incidence and costs to Medicare of fractures among Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years-United States, July 1991-July 1992. MMWR Morb Mort Weekly Rep 1996, 45:877-883.
    • (1996) MMWR Morb Mort Weekly Rep , vol.45 , pp. 877-883
  • 61
    • 68549085226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health care utilization and costs by metabolic syndrome risk factors
    • Boudreau D.M., Malone D.C., Raebel M.A., et al. Health care utilization and costs by metabolic syndrome risk factors. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2009, 7:305-314.
    • (2009) Metab Syndr Relat Disord , vol.7 , pp. 305-314
    • Boudreau, D.M.1    Malone, D.C.2    Raebel, M.A.3
  • 62
    • 0032076679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct medical costs of coronary artery disease in the United States
    • Russell M.W., Huse D.M., Drowns S., et al. Direct medical costs of coronary artery disease in the United States. Am J Cardiol 1998, 81:1110-1115.
    • (1998) Am J Cardiol , vol.81 , pp. 1110-1115
    • Russell, M.W.1    Huse, D.M.2    Drowns, S.3
  • 63
    • 34547850760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial implications of hospital response to bioterrorism based on diagnosis-related group analysis
    • Suyama J., Savitz L., Chang H., Allswede M. Financial implications of hospital response to bioterrorism based on diagnosis-related group analysis. Prehosp Disaster Med 2007, 22:145-148.
    • (2007) Prehosp Disaster Med , vol.22 , pp. 145-148
    • Suyama, J.1    Savitz, L.2    Chang, H.3    Allswede, M.4
  • 64
    • 56749156027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herpes zoster-related hospitalizations and expenditures before and after introduction of the varicella vaccine in the United States
    • Patel M.S., Gebremariam A., Davis M.M. Herpes zoster-related hospitalizations and expenditures before and after introduction of the varicella vaccine in the United States. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2008, 29:1157-1163.
    • (2008) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol , vol.29 , pp. 1157-1163
    • Patel, M.S.1    Gebremariam, A.2    Davis, M.M.3
  • 65
    • 23844484690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of varicella vaccination on health care utilization
    • Zhou F., Harpaz R., Jumaan A.O., et al. Impact of varicella vaccination on health care utilization. JAMA 2005, 294:797-802.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 797-802
    • Zhou, F.1    Harpaz, R.2    Jumaan, A.O.3
  • 66
    • 33947695769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The direct and indirect costs of untreated insomnia in adults in the United States
    • Ozminkowski R.J., Wang S., Walsh J.K. The direct and indirect costs of untreated insomnia in adults in the United States. Sleep 2007, 30:263-273.
    • (2007) Sleep , vol.30 , pp. 263-273
    • Ozminkowski, R.J.1    Wang, S.2    Walsh, J.K.3
  • 67
    • 33845970612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-of-illness studies of depression: a systematic review
    • Luppa M., Heinrich S., Angermeyer M.C., et al. Cost-of-illness studies of depression: a systematic review. J Affect Disord 2007, 98:29-43.
    • (2007) J Affect Disord , vol.98 , pp. 29-43
    • Luppa, M.1    Heinrich, S.2    Angermeyer, M.C.3
  • 68
    • 58549120192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonresponse, partial response, and failure to achieve remission: humanistic and cost burden in major depressive disorder
    • Mauskopf J.A., Simon G.E., Kalsekar A., et al. Nonresponse, partial response, and failure to achieve remission: humanistic and cost burden in major depressive disorder. Depress Anxiety 2009, 26:83-97.
    • (2009) Depress Anxiety , vol.26 , pp. 83-97
    • Mauskopf, J.A.1    Simon, G.E.2    Kalsekar, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.