P-T constraints and timing of Barrovian metamorphism in the Shetland Islands, Scottish Caledonides: Implications for the structural setting of the Unst ophiolite

Journal of the Geological Society

Volumn 168, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 1265-1284

  Cutts, K A ^a,b   Hand, M ^a   Kelsey, D E ^a   Strachan, R A ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

^b STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PORTSMOUTH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APPALACHIANS; IN-SITU; IRELAND; LAURENTIAN; METAPELITES; METASEDIMENTARY ROCKS; SCOTLAND; SHETLAND ISLANDS; STRUCTURAL SETTING; U-PB AGES;

ABLATION; INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA; INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY; LEAD; PHOSPHATE MINERALS;

METAMORPHIC ROCKS;

FOOTWALL; INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA METHOD; METAMORPHISM; METAPELITE; OBDUCTION; OPHIOLITE; P-T CONDITIONS; POTASSIUM-ARGON DATING; TECTONIC SETTING; URANIUM-LEAD DATING;

APPALACHIANS; CALEDONIDES; GRAMPIAN; SCOTLAND; SHETLAND; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 80054915379     PISSN: 00167649     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1144/0016-76492010-165     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Alienikoff, J.N., Schenck, W.S., Plank, M.O., Srogi, L., Fanning, C.M., Kamo, S.L. & Bosbyshell, H. 2006. Deciphering igneous and metamorphicevents in high-grade rocks of the Wilmington Complex, Delaware: Morph- ology, cathodoluminescence and backscattered electron zoning, and SHRIMP U-Pb geochronology of zircon and onazite. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 118, 39-64.
2. Anderson, D.E. & Buckley, G.R. 1973. Zoning in garnets; diffusion models.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 40, 87-104.
3. Baxter, E.F., Ague, J.J. & dePaolo, D.J. 2002. Prograde temperature-time evolution in the Barrovian type-locality constrained by Sm/Nd garnet ages from Glen Cova, Scotland. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 159, 71-82.
4. Cannat, M. 1989. Late Caledonian northeastward ophiolite thrusting in the Shetland Islands, U.K. Tectonophysics, 169, 257-270.
5. Chew, D.M., Daly, J.S., Page, L.M. & Kennedy, M.J. 2003. Grampian orogenesis and the development of blueschist-facies metamorphism in western Ireland. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 160, 911-924.
6. Chew, D.M., Flowerdew, M.J., Page, L.M., Crowley, Q.G., Daly, J.S., Cooper, M. & Whitehouse, M.J. 2008. The tectonothermal evolution and provenance of the Tyrone Central Inlier, Ireland: Grampian imbrications of an outboard Laurentian microcontinent? Journal of the Geological Society, London, 165, 675-685.
7. Chew, D.M., Daly, J.S., Magna, T., Page, L.M., Kirkland, C.L., Whitehouse, M.J. & Lam, R. 2010. Timing of ophiolite obduction in the Grampian Orogen. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 122, 1787-1799.
8. Coggon, R. & Holland, T.J.B. 2002. Mixing properties of phengitic micas and revised garnet-phengite thermobarometers. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 20, 683-696.
9. Coleman, R.G. 1971. Plate tectonic emplacement of upper mantle peridotites along continental edges. Journal of Geophysical Research, 76, 1212-1222.
10. Corrie, S.L. & Kohn, M.J. 2007. Resolving the timing of orogenesis in the Western Blue Ridge, southern Appalachians, via in situ ID-TIMS monazite geochronology. Geology, 35, 627-630.
11. Cutts, K.A., Hand, M., Kelsey, D.E. & Strachan, R.A. 2009a. Orogenic versus extensional settings for regional metamorphism: Knoydartian events in the Moine Supergroup revisited. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 166, 201-204.
12. Cutts, K.A., Hand, M., Kelsey, D.E., Wade, B., Strachan, R.A., Clark, C. & Netting, A. 2009b. Evidence for 930 Ma metamorphism in the Shetland Islands, Scottish Caledonides: implications for Neoproteroic tectonics in the Laurentia-Baltica sector of Rodinia. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 166, 1033-1048.
13. Cutts, K.A., Kinny, P.D., et al. 2010. Three metamorphic events recorded in a single garnet: Integrated phase modelling, in situ LA-ICPMS and SIMS geochronology from the Moine Supergroup, NW Scotland. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 28, 249-267.
14. Dempster, T.J. & Tanner, P.W.G. 1997. The biotite isograd, Central Pyrenees: a deformation-controlled reaction. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 15, 531-548.
15. Dempster, T.J., Rogers, G., et al. 2002. Timing of deposition, orogenesis and glaciations within Dalradian rocks of Scotland: constraints from U-Pb zircon ages. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 159 83-94.
16. Dewey, J.F. 1976. Ophiolite obduction. Tectonophysics, 31, 93-120.
17. Dewey, J.F. & Bird, J.M. 1970. Mountain belts and the new global tectonics.Journal of Geophysical Research, 75, 2625-2647.
18. Dewey, J.F. & Ryan, P.D. 1990. The Ordovician evolution of the South Mayo Trough, western Ireland. Tectonics, 9, 887-901.
19. Dewey, J.F. & Shackleton, R.M. 1984. A model for the evolution of the Grampian tract in the early Caledonides and Appalachians. Nature, 312,115-121.
20. Dilek, Y. & Furnes, H. 2009. Structure and geochemistry of Tethyan ophiolites and their petrogenesis in subduction rollback systems. Lithos, 113, 1-20.
21. Dilek, Y., Furnes, H. & Shallo, M. 2007. Suprasubduction zone ophiolite formation along the periphery of Mesozoic Gondwana. Gondwana Research, 11, 453-475.
22. 3+ concentrations in ferromagnesian silicates and oxides from microprobe analyses, using stoichio-metric criteria. Mineralogical Magazine, 51, 431-435.
23. Dutch, R. & Hand, M. 2010. Retention of Sm-Nd isotopic ages in garnet subjected to high-grade thermal reworking: implications for diffusion rates of major and rare earth elements and the Sm-Nd closure temperature in garnet. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 159, 93-112.
24. Evans, B.W. 2004. The serpentinite multisystem revisited: chrysotile is metastable. International Geology Review, 46, 479-506.
25. Fitzsimons, I.C.W., Kinny, P.D., Wetherly, S. & Hollingsworth, D.A. 2005. Bulk chemical control on metamorphic monazite growth in pelitic schists and implications for U-Pb age data. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 23, 261-277.
26. Flinn, D. 1958. On the nappe structure of north-east Shetland. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 114, 107-136.
27. Flinn, D. 1985. The Caledonides of Shetland. In: Gee, D.G. & Sturt, B.A. (eds) The Caledonide Orogen-Scandinavia and Related Areas. Wiley, Chichester,1158-1171.
28. Flinn, D. 1988. The Moine rocks of Shetland. In: Winchester, J.A. (ed.) Later Proterozoic Stratigraphy of the Northern Atlantic Regions. Blackie, Glasgow, 74-85.
29. Flinn, D. 1994. Geology of Yell and some neighbouring islands in Shetland. Memoir of the British Geological Survey, Sheet 130 (Scotland) Scottish Journal of Geology, 36, 123-135.
30. Flinn, D. 2001. The basic rocks of the Shetland Ophiolite Complex and their bearing on its genesis. Scottish Journal of Geology, 37, 79-96.
31. Flinn, D. & Oglethorpe, R.J.D. 2005. A history of the Shetland Ophiolite Complex. Scottish Journal of Geology, 41, 141-148.
32. Flinn, D. & Pringle, I.R. 1976. Age of migmatization in Dalradian of Shetland. Nature, 259, 299-300.
33. Flinn, D., May, F., Roberts, J.L. & Treagus, J.E. 1972. A review of the stratigraphic succession of the East Mainland Succession of Shetland. Scottish Journal of Geology, 8, 335-343.
34. Flinn, D., Miller, J.A. & Roddom, D. 1991. The age of the Norwick hornblendic schists of Unst and Fetlar and the obduction of the Shetland Ophiolite.Scottish Journal of Geology, 27, 11-19.
35. Florence, F.P. & Spear, F.S. 1991. Effects of diffusional modification of garnet growth zoning on P-T path calculations. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 107, 487-500.
36. Friedrich, A.M., Bowring, S.A., Martin, M.W. & Hodges, K.V. 1999. Short-lived continental magmatic arc at Connemara, western Irish Caledonides: Implications for the age of the Grampian orogeny. Geology, 27, 27-30.
37. Ganguly, J., Cheng, W. & Chakraborty, S. 1998. Cation diffusion in aluminosilicate garnets: experimental determination in pyrope-almandine diffusion couples. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 131, 171-180.
38. Graham, C. 1985. High-pressure greenschist to epidote-amphibolite facies metamorphism of Dalradian rocks of the SW Scottish Highlands-isograds and P-T conditions (Abstract). Journal of the Geological Society, London, 142, 3-4.
39. Hauzenberger, C.A., Robl, J. & Stuwe, K. 2005. Garnet zoning in high pressure granulite-facies metapelites, Mozambique belt, SE Kenya: constraints on the cooling history. European Journal of Mineralogy, 17, 43-55.
40. Hermann, J. & Rubatto, D. 2003. Relating zircon and monazite domains to garnet growth zones: age and duration of granulite facies metamorphism in the Val Malenco lower crust. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 21, 833-852.
41. Holland, T.J.B. & Powell, R. 1998. An internally consistent thermodynamic dataset for phases of petrological interest. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 16, 309-343.
42. Holland, T.J.B. & Powell, R. 2003. Activity-composition relations for phases in petrological calculations: an asymmetric multicomponent formulation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 145, 492-501.
43. Jackson, S.E., Pearson, N.J., Griffin, W.L. & Belousova, E.A. 2004. The application of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to in-situ U-Pb zircon geochronology. Chemical Geology, 211, 47-69.
44. Karabinos, P., Samson, S., Hepburn, J. & Stoll, H. 1998. Taconic orogeny in the New England Appalachians: Collision between Laurentia and the Shelburne Falls arc. Geology, 26, 215-218.
45. Kelsey, D.E., Clark, C. & Hand, M. 2008. Thermobarometric modelling of zircon and monazite growth in melt-bearing systems: examples using model metapelitic and metapsammitic granulites. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 26, 199-212.
46. Kretz, R. 1983. Symbols for rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277-279.
47. Lambert, R.St.J. & McKerrow, W.S. 1976. The Grampian Orogeny. Scottish Journal of Geology, 12, 271-292.
48. Ludwig, K.R. 2003. Users' manual for Isoplot 3.00, A geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel. Berkeley Geochronology Centre Special Publications, 4.
49. Mahar, E.M., Baker, J.M., Powell, R., Holland, T.J.B. & Howell, N. 1997.The effect of Mn on mineral stability in metapelites. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 15, 223-238.
50. Maruyama, S., Liou, J.G. & Terabayashi, M. 1996. Blueschists and eclogites of the world and their exhumation. International Geology Review, 38, 485-594.
51. Metcalf, R.V. & Shervais, J.W. 2008. Suprasubduction-zone ophiolites: Is there really an ophiolite conundrum? In: Wright, J.E. & Shervais, J.W. (ed) Ophiolites, Arcs and Batholiths: A Tribute to Cliff Hopson Geological Society of America, Special Papers, 438, 191-222.
52. Mével, C. 2003. Serpentinization of abyssal peridotites at mid-ocean ridges. Comptes Rendus, Géoscience, 335, 825-852.
53. Miller, J.A. & Flinn, D. 1966. A survey of the age relations of Shetland rocks. Geological Journal, 5, 95-116.
54. Miyashiro, A. 1973. The Troodos ophiolite was probably formed in an island arc. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 19, 218-224.
55. Moecher, D.P., Tracy, R.J. & Miller, B.V. 2004. Taconian metamorphism alive and well in the southern Blue Ridge. Geological Society of America,Abstracts with Programs, 36, 135.
56. Moores, E.M. 1970. Ultramafics and orogeny, with models of the U.S. Cordillera and the Tethys. Nature, 228, 837-842.
57. Moores, E.M., Kellogg, L.H. & Dilek, Y. 2000. Tethyan opholites, mantle convection, and tectonic 'historical contingency'; a resolution of the 'ophiolite conundrum'. In: Dilek, Y., Moores, E.M., Elthon, D. & Nicolas, A. (eds) Ophiolites and Oceanic Crust: New Insights from Field Studies and the Ocean Drilling Program. Geological Society of America, Special Papers, 349, 3-12.
58. O'Hanley, D.S. 1996. Serpentinites: Records of Tectonic and Petrological History. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
59. Oliver, G.J.H., Chen, F., Buchwaldt, R. & Hegner, E. 2000. Fast tectonome-tamorphism and exhumation in the type area of the Barrovian and Buchan zones. Geology, 28, 459-462.
60. Payne, J.L., Hand, M., Barovich, K.M. & Wade, B.P. 2008. Temporal constraints on the timing of high-grade metamorphism in the northern Gawler Craton:implications for assembly of the Australian Proterozoic. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 55, 623-640.
61. Pearce, J.A. & Cann, J.R. 1973. Tectonic setting of basic volcanic rocks determined using trace element analyses. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 19, 290-300.
62. Pearce, J.A., Lippard, S.S. & Roberts, S. 1984. Characteristics and tectonic significance of supra-subduction zone ophiolites. In: Kokelaar, B.P. &Howells, M.F. (eds) Marginal Basin Geology. Volcanic and Associated Sedimentary and Tectonic Processes in Modern and Ancient Marginal Basins. Geological Society, London, Special publications, 16, 77-94.
63. Powell, R. & Holland, T. 1988. An internally consistent thermodynamic dataset with uncertainties and correlations: 3. Application methods, worked examples and a computer program. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 6, 173-204.
64. Prave, A.R., Strachan, R.A. & Fallick, A.E. 2009. Global C cycle perturbations recorded in marbles: a record of Neoproterozoic Earth history within the Dalradian succession of the Shetland Islands, Scotland. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 166, 29-135.
65. Read, H.H. 1934. The metamorphic geology of Unst in the Shetland Islands. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 90, 637-688.
66. Robinson, P.T., Melson, W.G., O'Hearn, T. & Schmincke, H.-U. 1983. Volcanic glass compositions of the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus. Geology, 11, 400-404.
67. Robl, J., Hergarten, S., Stuwe, K. & Hauzenberger, C. 2007. THERMAL HISTORY: A new software to interpret diffusive zoning profiles in garnet. Computers and Geosciences, 33, 760-772.
68. Smith, H.A. & Barreiro, B. 1990. Monazite U-Pb dating of staurolite grade metamorphism of pelitic schists. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,105, 602-615.
69. Spear, F.S. 1993. Metamorphic Phase Equilibria and Pressure-Temperature-Time Paths. Mineralogical Society of America, Monograph, 1.
70. Spear, F.S. & Pyle, J.M. 2002. Apatite, xenotime, and monazite in metamorphic rocks. In: Kohn, M.L., Rakovan, J. & Hughes, J.M. (eds) Phosphates-Geochemical, Geobiological and Materials Importance. Mineralogical Society of America and Geochemical Society, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 48, 293-335.
71. Spear, F.S. & Pyle, J.M. 2010. Theoretical modelling of monazite growth in a low Ca metapelite. Chemical Geology, 273, 111-119.
72. Spear, F.S., Kohn, M.J., Florence, F.P. & Menard, T. 1991. A model for garnet and plagioclase growth in pelitic schists: implications for thermobarometry and P-T path determinations. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 8, 683-696.
73. Spray, J.G. 1988. Thrust-related metamorphism beneath the Shetland Islands oceanic fragment, northeast Scotland. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 25, 1760-1776.
74. 2 O3 on metapelitic assemblages at greenschist and amphibolites 'layer 3' shear zones. Geological Magazine, 128, 667-671.
75. Tanner, P.W.G. & Sutherland, S. 2007. The Highand Border Complex,Scotland: a paradox resolved. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 164, 111-116.
76. Vance, D. 1995. Rate and time controls on metamorphic processes. Geological Journal, 30, 241-259
77. van Staal, C.R., Dewey, J.F., Mac Niocaill, C. & McKerrow, W.S. 1998. The Cambrian-Silurian tectonic evolution of the northern Appalachians and British Caledonides: history of a complex, west and southwest Pacific-type segment of Iapetus. In: Blundell, D.J. & Scott, A.C. (eds) Lyell: the Past is the Key to the Present. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 143, 197-242.
78. Wakabayashi, J. & Dilek, Y. 2003. What constitutes 'emplacement' of an ophiolite?: Mechanisms and relationship to subduction initiation and formation of metamorphic soles. In: Dilek, Y. & Robinson, P.T. (eds) Ophiolites in Earth History. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 218, 427-447.
79. 3 Metamorphic Geology, 18, 497-511.
80. 3: Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 20, 41-55.
81. White, R.W., Pomroy, N.E. & Powell, R. 2005. An in-situ metatexite-diatexite transition in upper amphibolite facies rocks from Broken Hill, Australia.Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 23, 579-602.
82. White, R.W., Powell, R. & Holland, T.J.B. 2007. Progress relating to calculation of partial melting equilibria for metapelites. Journal of Meta-morphic Geology, 25, 511-527.
83. Yardley, B.W.D., Ferguson, C.G. &Al-Ameen, S.I. 1987. Discussion on geochemistry of Dalradian pelites from Connemara, Ireland: new constraints on kyanite genesis and conditions of metamorphism. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 144, 679-680.