Psychological distress following wildfires disaster in a rural part of greece: A case-control population-based study

International Journal of Emergency Mental Health

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 11-26

  Papanikolaou, Vicky ^a   Adamis, Dimitrios ^b,c   Mellon, Robert C ^d   Prodromitis, Gerasimos ^d  

^a NATIONAL SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (Greece)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WEST ATTICA   (Greece)

^c Kings College   (Greece)

^d PANTEION UNIVERSITY   (Greece)

Author keywords

Adults; Greece; Psychological distress; Psychopathology; Wildfires

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CHECKLIST; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DISASTER; FEMALE; FIRE; GREECE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERSONALITY TEST; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOMETRY; RISK FACTOR; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIOECONOMICS; STATISTICS;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CHECKLIST; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DISASTERS; FEMALE; FIRES; GREECE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; PSYCHOMETRICS; RISK FACTORS; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 80054841887     PISSN: 15224821     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Ahern, J., Galea, S., Resnick, H., Kilpatrick, D., Bucuvalas, M, Gold, J., &Vlahov, D. (2002). Television images and psychological symptoms after the September 11 terrorist attacks. Psychiatry, 65, 289-300. doi:10.1521/psyc.65.4.289.20240 (Pubitemid 36083175)
2. Anderson, K. M, &Manuel, G. (1994). Gender differences of reported stress response to the Loma Prieta earthquake. Sex Roles, 30, 725. doi:10.1007/BF01544672
3. Beltran, R. O., Llewellyn, G. M., &Silove, D. (2010). Clinicians' understanding of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision diagnostic criteria: F62.0 enduring personality change after catastrophic experience. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 49, 593-602.
4. Bland, S. H., O'Leary, E. S., Farinaro, E., Jossa, F., &Trevisan, M. (1996). Long-term psychological effects of natural disasters. Psychosomatic Medicine, 58, 18-24. (Pubitemid 26046183)
5. Burkle, F. M., Jr. (1996). Acute-phase mental health consequences of disasters: Implications for triage and emergency medical services. Annals Emergency Medicine, 28, 119-128. doi:S0196-0644(96)70051-3 [pii]
6. Chou, F. H.-C, Wu, H.-C, Chou, P., Su, C.-Y, Tsai, K.-Y, Chao, S.-S.,.Ou-Yang, W.-C. (2007). Epidemiologic psychiatric studies on post-disaster impact among Chi-Chi earthquake survivors in Yu-Chi, Taiwan. Psychiatry and ClinicalNeurosciences, 61,370-378. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2007.01688.x (Pubitemid 47019921)
7. Clayer, J. R., Bookless-Pratz, C, &Harris, R. L. (1985). Some health consequences of a natural disaster. The Medical journal of Australia 143, 182-184. (Pubitemid 16231625)
8. de la Fuente, R. (1990). The mental health consequences of the 1985 earthquakes in Mexico. International Journal of Mental Health, 19(2), 21-29.
9. Delfino, R. J., Brummel, S., Wu, J., Stern, H., Ostro, B., Lipsett, M., . . . Gillen, D. L. (2009). The relationship of respiratory and cardiovascular hospital admissions to the southern California wildfires of 2003. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 66, 189-197. doi: 10.1136/oem.2008.041376
10. Den Ouden, D. J., Van Der Velden, P. G., Grievink, L., Morren, M., Dirkzwager, A. J. E., &Yzermans, C. J. (2007). Use of mental health services among disaster survivors: Predisposing factors. BMC Public Health, 7, 173. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-173 (Pubitemid 47273035)
11. Derogatis, L. R. (1992). SCL-90-R: Administration, scoring and procedures manual -II, for the revised version and other instruments of the psychopathology rating scale series (2nd ed.). Towson, MD: Clinical Psychometric Research.
12. Donias, S., Karastergiou, A., &Manos, N. (1991). Standardization of the Symptom Checklist 90 rating scale in a Greek population. Psychiatriki, 2,42-48.
13. EM-DAT. (2008). The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database Prevention Web. Retrieved from http://www.preventionweb.net/english/countries/statistics/ index.php?cid=68
14. Engel, C. C, Jr. (2001). Outbreaks of medically unexplained physical symptoms after military action, terrorist threat, or technological disaster. Military Medicine, 166(12 Supplement), 47-48.
15. Eth, S. (2002). Television viewing as risk factor. Psychiatry, 65, 301-303. doi:10.1521/psyc.65.4.301.20245 (Pubitemid 36083176)
16. Ginexi, E. M., Weihs, K., Simmens, S. J., &Hoyt, D. R. (2000). Natural disaster and depression: A prospective investigation of reactions to the 1993 Midwest floods. American Journal of Community Psychology, 28,495-518.
17. Goldberg, D., &Lecrubier, Y (1995). Form and frequency of mental disorders across centres. In T. Ustun &N. Sartorius (Eds.), Mental illness in general health care: An international study (p. 323-334). Chichester, UK: John Wiley &Sons on behalf of WHO.
18. Grievink, L., van der Velden, P. G., Stellato, R. K., Dusseldorp, A., Gersons, B. P., Kleber, R. J., &Lebret, E. (2007). A longitudinal comparative study of the physical and mental health problems of affected residents of the firework disaster Enschede, The Netherlands. Public Health, 121, 367-374. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2006.09.025 (Pubitemid 46464567)
19. Heir, T., Piatigorsky, A., &Weisaeth, L. (2010). Posttraumatic stress symptom clusters associations with psychopathology and functional impairment. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 936-940. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.06.020
20. Heir, T., &Weisaeth, L. (2008). Acute disaster exposure and mental health complaints of Norwegian tsunami survi- vors six months post disaster. Psychiatry, 71, 266-276. doi:10.1521/psyc.2008.71.3.266
21. Holcomb, W. R., Adams, N. A., &Ponder, H. M. (1983). Factor structure of the Symptom Checklist-90 with acute psychiatric inpatients. Journal of Consult Clinical Psychology, 51, 535-538. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.51.4.535 (Pubitemid 14245736)
22. Hollifield, M, Hewage, C., Gunawardena, C. N., Kodituwakku, P., Bopagoda, K., &Weerarathnege, K. (2008). Symptoms and coping in Sri Lanka 20-21 months after the 2004 tsunami. British Journal of Psychiatry, 192, 39-44. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.038422 (Pubitemid 351183159)
23. Hussain, A., Weisaeth, L., &Heir, T. (2011). Psychiatric disorders and functional impairment among disaster victims after exposure to a natural disaster: A population based study. Journal ojAffective Disorders, 128, 135-141. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2010.06.018
24. Jenkins, J. L., Hsu, E. B., Sauer, L. M, Hsieh, Y.H..&Kirsch, T. D. (2009). Prevalence of unmet health care needs and description of health care-seeking behavior among displaced people after the 2007 California wildfires. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 3 (Supplement. 1), S24-8. doi:10.1097/DMP.0b013e31819flafc
25. Jones, R. T., Ribbe, D. P., Cunningham, P., &Weddle, J. D. (2003). Psychosocial correlates of wildfire disaster: Post disaster adult reactions. Fire Technology, 39, 103-117. doi: 10.1023/a:1024229812303 (Pubitemid 37388110)
26. Irmansyah, J.., Dharmono, S., Maramis, A., &Minas, H. (2010). Determinants of psychological morbidity in survivors of the earthquake and tsunami in Aceh and Nias. International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 4, 8. doi: 1752-4458-4-8[pii]10.1186/1752-4458-4-8
27. Karanci, A. N., &Rustemli, A. (1995). Psychological consequences of the 1992 Erzincan (Turkey) earthquake. Disasters, 19, 8-18.
28. Kessler, R. C, Galea, S., Jones, R. T., &Parker, H. A. (2006). Mental illness and suicidality after Hurricane Katrina. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 84, 930-939. (Pubitemid 44901749)
29. Kisac, I. (2006). Stress symptoms of survivors of the Marmara region (Turkey) earthquakes: A follow-up study. International Journal of Stress Management, 13,118-126. doi:10.1037/1072-5245.13.1.118 (Pubitemid 44089583)
30. Kuwabara, H., Shioiri, T, Toyabe, S. I., Kawamura, T, Koizumi, M., Ito-Sawamura, M.,Someya, T. (2008). Factors impacting on psychological distress and recovery after the 2004 Niigata-Chuetsu earthquake, Japan: Communitybased study. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 62, 503-507. doi:10.1111/j.l440- 1819.2008.01842.x
31. Lawyer, S. R., Resnick, H. S., Galea, S., Ahem, J., Kilpatrick, D. G., &Vlahov, D. (2006). Predictors of peritraumatic reactions and PTSD following the September 11th terrorist attacks. Psychiatry, 69, 130-141. doi: 10.1521/psyc.2006.69.2.130 (Pubitemid 44180781)
32. Lieb, R., Meinlschmidt, G., &Araya, R. (2007). Epidemiology of the association between somatoform disorders and anxiety and depressive disorders: An update. Psychosomatic Medicine, 69, 860-863. (Pubitemid 350158827)
33. Liu, X., Yang, Y, Yuan, P., Zhang, X., Han, Y, Cao, Y, &Xiong, G. (2010). A study of the relationship between mental health and menstrual abnormalities in female middle school students from postearthquake Wenchuaa BioScience Trends, 4,4-8.
34. Lopez-Ibor, J. J. (2006). Disasters and mental health: new challenges for the psychiatric profession. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 7, 171-182. doi: 10.1080/15622970500428735 (Pubitemid 44132543)
35. Madianos, M. G., Tomaras, V., Kapsali, A., Vaidakis, N., Vlachonicolis, J., &Stefanis, C. N. (1988). Psychiatric case identification in two Athenian communities: Estimation of the probable prevalence. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 78,24-31.
36. Maida, C. A., Gordon, N. S., Steinberg, A., &Gordon, G. (1989). Psychosocial impact of disasters: Victims of the Baldwin Hills fire. Journal of Trauma Stress, 2, 37-48. doi:10.1007/bf00975765
37. Marshall, G. N., Schell, T. L., Elliott, M. N., Raybum, N. R., &Jaycox, L. H. (2007). Psychiatric disorders among adults seeking emergency disaster assistance after a wildland-urban interface fire. Psychiatric Services, 58, 509-514. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.58.4.509 (Pubitemid 46640642)
38. Marshall, G. N., Schell, T. L., &Miles, J. N. V. (2010). All PTSD symptoms are highly associated with general distress: Ramifications for the dysphoria symptom cluster. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119, 126-135.doi: 10.1037/a0018477
39. Mason, V., Andrews, H., &Upton, D. (2010). The psychological impact of exposure to floods. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 15, 61-73. doi: 10.1080/13548500903483478
40. Mavreas, V. G., Beis, A., Mouyias, A., Rigoni, F., &Lyketsos, G. C. (1986). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Athens. A community study. Social Psychiatry, 21,172-181. doi:10.1007/BF00583997 (Pubitemid 16000001)
41. McDermott, B. M., Lee, E. M., Judd, M., &Gibbon, P. (2005). Posttraumatic stress disorder and general psychopathology in children and adolescents following a wildfire disaster. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 50, 137-143. (Pubitemid 40515967)
42. McFarlane, A. C. (1987). Posttraumatic phenomena in a longitudinal study of children following a natural disaster. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26, 764-769. doi:10.1097/00004583- 198709000-00025
43. McFarlane, A. C. (1989). The prevention and management of the psychiatric morbidity of natural disasters: An Australian experience. Stress Medicine, 5, 29-36. doi:10.1002/smi.2460050107 (Pubitemid 19062976)
44. McFarlane, A. C, Clayer, J. R., &Bookless, C. L. (1997). Psychiatric morbidity following a natural disaster: An Australian bushfire. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 32, 261-268. doi:10.1007/BF00789038 (Pubitemid 27336333)
45. McFarlane, A. C, van Hooff, M &Goodhew, F. (2009). Anxiety disorders and PTSD. In Y. Neria, S. Galea &F. H. Norris (Eds.), Mental health and disasters (p. 47-66). Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
46. Ministry of Interior. (2007). Decision of the Deputy Minister of Interior "Designation of protected areas to restore damage to buildings by fire in August 2007" The Ref No. oik/5285/A32/31.08.07
47. Moritz, M. A., Morais, M. E., Summerell, L. A., Carlson, J. M., &Doyle, J. (2005). Wildfires, complexity, and highly optimized tolerance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102, 17912-17917. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0508985102 (Pubitemid 41798476)
48. Morrissey, S. A., &Reser, J. P. (2007). Natural disasters, climate change and mental health considerations for rural Australia. Australian Journal of Rural Health, 15, 120-125. doi:10.1111/j.l440-1584.2007.00865.x (Pubitemid 46584963)
49. Norris, F. H., Friedman, M. J., &Watson, P. J. (2002). 60,000 disaster victims speak: Part II. Summary and implications of the disaster mental health research. Psychiatry, 65, 240-260. (Pubitemid 35191282)
50. Norris, F. H., Friedman, M. J., Watson, P. J., Byrne, C. M., Diaz, E., &Kaniasty, K. (2002). 60,000 disaster victims speak: Part I. An empirical review of the empirical literature, 1981-2001. Psychiatry, 65,207-239. (Pubitemid 35191281)
51. North, C. S. (2002). Somatization in survivors of catastrophic trauma: A methodological review. Environmental Health Perspectives, 110(Supplement 4), 637-640.
52. Oh, C. H., &Reuveny, R. (2010). Climatic natural disasters, political risk, and international trade. Global Environmental Change, 20, 243-254. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha. 2009.11.005
53. Orth, U., Cahill, S. P., Foa, E. B., &Maercker, A. (2008). Anger and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in crime victims: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76,208-218. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.76.2.208 (Pubitemid 351522256)
54. Q Local (Version 2.1.11). (2009). Minneapolis, MN: NCS Pearson.
55. Reijneveld, S. A., Crone, M. R., Verhulst, F. C, &Verloove-Vanhorick, S. P. (2003). The effect of a severe disaster on the mental health of adolescents: A controlled study. Lancet, 362, 691-696. doi:10.1016/S0140- 6736(03)14231-6 (Pubitemid 37101066)
56. Rodriguez, J. J., &Kohn, R. (2008). Use of mental health services among disaster survivors. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 21,370-378. doi:10.1097/YCO.0b013e328304d984 (Pubitemid 351787140)
57. Rubin, G. J., Brewin, C. R., Greenberg, N., Simpson, J., &Wessely, S. (2005). Psychological and behavioural reactions to the bombings in London on 7 July 2005: Cross sectional survey of a representative sample of Londoners. British Medical Journal, 331, 606. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38583.728484.3A (Pubitemid 41360771)
58. Rubonis, A. V, &Bickman, L. (1991). Psychological impairment in the wake of disaster: The disaster-psychopathology relationship. Psychological Bulletin, 109, 384-399. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.109.3.384
59. Ryan, R. L., &Wamsley, M. B. (2008). Public perceptions of wildfire risk and forest management in the central pine barrens of long island (USA). Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies. Retrieved from http://www.massey.ac.nz/-trauma/issues/2008-2/ryan.htm
60. Scher, C. D., &Ellwanger, J. (2009). Fire-related cognitions moderate the impact of risk factors on adjustment following wildfire disaster. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 891-896. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.05.007
61. Schuster, M. A., Stein, B. D., Jaycox, L., Collins, R. L., Marshall, G. N., Elliott, M. N . ,Berry, S. H. (2001). A national survey of stress reactions after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. New England Journal of Medicine, 345, 1507-1512. doi:10.1056/NEJM200111153452024
62. Silove, D., Brooks, R., Bateman Steel, C. R., Steel, Z., Hewage, K., Rodger, J., &Soosay, I. (2009). Explosive anger as a response to human rights violations in post-conflict Timor-Leste. Social Science and Medicine, 69, 670-677. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.06.030
63. Slottje, P., Witteveen, A. B., Twisk, J. W., Smidt, N., Huizink, A. C, van Mechelen, W., &Smid, T. (2008). Post-disaster physical symptoms of firefighters and police officers: Role of types of exposure and post-traumatic stress symptoms. British Journal of Health Psychology, 73(Pt 2), 327-342. doi:10.1348/135910707X198793 (Pubitemid 351744316)
64. Solomon, S. D., Smith, E. M, Lee Robins, N., &Fischbach, R. L. (1987). Social involvement as a mediator of disasterinduced stress. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 17,1092-1112. doi: 10.1111/j.l559-1816.1987.tb02349.x
65. Spinhoven, P., &Verschuur, M. (2006). Predictors of fatigue in rescue workers and residents in the aftermath of an aviation disaster: A longitudinal study. Psychosomatic Medecine, 65,605-612. (Pubitemid 44297658)
66. Ursano, J., Fullerton, C, &Benedek, D. ( 2009). What is psychopathology after disasters? Considerations about the nature of the psychological and behavioral consequences of disasters. In Y. Neria, S. Galea, &F. H. Norris (Eds.), Mental health and disasters (p. 131-144). Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
67. van den Berg, B., Grievink, L., Yzermans, J., &Lebret, E. (2005). Medically unexplained physical symptoms in the aftermath of disasters. Epidemiology Review, 27,92-106. doi: 10.1093/epirev/mxiOO 1 (Pubitemid 40885069)
68. van der Velden, P. G., Kleber, R. J., Fournier, M., Grievink, L., Drogendijk, A., &Gersons, B. P. (2007). The association between dispositional optimism and mental health problems among disaster victims and a comparison group: A prospective study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 102, 35-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2006.12.004 (Pubitemid 47049657)
69. Wang, L., Zhang, Y., Wang, W., Shi, Z., Shen, J., Li, M., &Xin, Y. (2009). Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder among adult survivors three months after the Sichuan earthquake in China. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22, 444-450.
70. Weiss, M. G., Saraceno, B., Saxena, S., &van Ommeren, M. (2003). Mental health in the aftermath of disasters: Consensus and controversy. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 797,611-615. (Pubitemid 37169688)
71. Wessely, S. (2004). When being upset is not a mental health problem. Psychiatry, 67, 153-157. doi: 10.1521/ psyc.67.2.153.35953 (Pubitemid 38900411)
72. Whaley, A. L. (2009). Trauma among survivors of hurricane Katrina: Considerations and recommendations for mental health care. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 14,459-476.
73. Wittenberg, L., &Malkinson, D. (2009). Spatio-temporal perspectives of forest fires regimes in a maturing Mediterranean mixed pine landscape. European Journal of Forest Research, 128,297-304. doi: 10.1007/s 10342-009-0265-7
74. Yang, Y K., Yeh, T. L., Chen, C. C, Lee, C. K., Lee, I. H., Lee, L.-C, &Jeffries, K. J. (2003). Psychiatric morbidity and posttraumatic symptoms among earthquake victims in primary care clinics. General Hospital Psychiatry, 25, 253-261. doi: 10.1016/S0163-8343(03)00022-7 (Pubitemid 36802270)
75. Yzermans, C. J., Donker, G. A., Kerssens, J. J., Dirkzwager, A. J. E., Soeteman, R. J. H., &ten Veen, P. M. H. (2005). Health problems of victims before and after disaster: A longitudinal study in general practice. International Journal of Epidemiology, 34,820-826. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyi096 (Pubitemid 41418829)