Evidence-based statin prescription for cardiovascular protection in renal impairment

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology

Volumn 15, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 456-463

  Fabbian, Fabio ^a   Giorgi, Alfredo De ^a   Pala, Marco ^a   Tiseo, Ruana ^a   Manfredini, Roberto ^a   Portaluppi, Francesco ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FERRARA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular disease; Chronic renal failure; Number needed to treat; Statins

Indexed keywords

ATORVASTATIN; CYCLOSPORIN; FLUINDOSTATIN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO; PRAVASTATIN; ROSUVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN; STEROID; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CORONARY ARTERY RECANALIZATION; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG RESPONSE; DYSLIPIDEMIA; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; HEART INFARCTION; HEMODIALYSIS; HUMAN; KIDNEY FAILURE; KIDNEY GRAFT REJECTION; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); PRESCRIPTION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION; STROKE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DYSLIPIDEMIAS; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; RENAL INSUFFICIENCY, CHRONIC; RISK; SECONDARY PREVENTION;

EID: 80054749068     PISSN: 13421751     EISSN: 14377799     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10157-011-0454-9     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. Lindner A, Charra B, Sherrard DJ, Scribner BH. Accelerated atherosclerosis in prolonged maintenance hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 1974;290:697-701
2. Collins AJ, Li S, Ma JS, Herzog C. Cardiovascular disease in end stage renal disease patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;38(Suppl 1):26-9
3. Foley RN, Parfrey PS, Sarnak MJ. Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9(Suppl 12):16-23
4. Muntner P, He J, Astor BC, Folsom AR, Coresh J. Traditional and non-traditional risk factors predict coronary heart disease in chronic kidney disease: Results from the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:529-38 (Pubitemid 41725151)
5. Thvendiranathen P, Bagai A, Brookhart MA, Chudhry NK. Primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases with statin therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:2307-13 (Pubitemid 44833354)
6. Kaysen GA, de sain-van der Veldem MG. New insights into lipid metabolism in the nephritic syndrome. Kidney Int 1999;71 (Suppl):S18-21 (Pubitemid 29304805)
7. Coka SG, Krumholz HM, Garg AX, Parikh CR. Under-representation of renal disease in randomized controlled trials of cardiovascular disease. JAMA. 2006;296:1377-84 (Pubitemid 44427424)
8. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: Prospective metaanalysis of data from 90056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 2005;366:1267-78
9. Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FA, Genest J, Gotto AM Jr., Kastelein JJ, et al. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:2195-207
10. Muhlestein JB, Anderson JL, Horne BD, Carlquist JF, Bair TL, Bunch TJ, et al. Early effects of statins in patients with coronary artery disease and high C-reactive protein. Am J Cardiol. 2004;94:1107-12 (Pubitemid 39424210)
11. Dautin G, Soltani Z, Duclox D, Gautier T, de Pais Barros JP, Gambert P, et al. Hemodialysis reduces plasma apolipoprotein C-I concentration making VLDL a better substrate for lipoprotein lipase. Kidney Int. 2007;72:871-8 (Pubitemid 47462079)
12. Kasiske BL. Hyperlipidemia in patients with chronic renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;32(Suppl 3):S142-56 (Pubitemid 28527270)
13. Chmielewski M, Carrero JJ, Nordfors L, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P. Lipid disorders in chronic kidney disease: Reverse epidemiology and therapeutic approach. J Nephrol. 2008;21:635-44
14. Ikewaki K, Schaefer JR, Frischmann ME, Okubo K, Hosoya T, Mochizuki S, et al. Delayed in vivo catabolism of intermediatedensity lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein in hemodialysis patients as potential cause of premature atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005;25:2615-22 (Pubitemid 43732287)
15. Weintraub M, Burstein A, Rassin T, Liron M, Ringel Y, Cabili S, et al. Severe deficit in clearing post-prandial chylomicron remnants in dialysis patients. Kidney Int. 1992;42:1247-52
16. O'Neal D, Lee P, Murphy B, Best J. Low-density lipoprotein particle size distribution in end-stage renal disease treated with hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 1996;27: 84-91 (Pubitemid 26017456)
17. Kronenberg F, Kuen E, Ritz E, Junker R, König P, Kraatz G, et al. Lipoprotein(a) serum concentration and apolipoprotein( a) phenotypes in mild and moderate renal failure. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;11:105-15 (Pubitemid 30020432)
18. Kronenberg F, Neyer U, Lhotta K, Trenkwalder E, Auinger M, Pribasnig A, et al. The low molecular weight apo(a) phenotype is an independent predictor for coronary artery disease in hemodialysis patients. A prospective follow-up. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999;10:1027-36 (Pubitemid 29203090)
19. Frishmann ME, Kronenberg F, Trenkwalder E, Shaefer JR, Schweer H, Dieplinger B, et al. In vivo turnover study demonstrates diminished clearance of lipoprotein(a) in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2007;71:1036-43 (Pubitemid 46741981)
20. Degoulet P, Legrain M, Réach I, Aimé F, Derriés C, Rojas P, et al. Mortality risk factors in patients treated by chronic hemodialysis. Report of the Diaphane Collaborative Study. Nephron. 1982;31:103-10 (Pubitemid 12045139)
21. Keith DS, Nicholas GA, Gullion CM, Brown JB, Smith DH. Longitudinal follow-up and outcomes among a population with chronic kidney disease in a large managed care organization. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:659-63 (Pubitemid 38392981)
22. Wanner C, Krane V, März W, Olschewski M, Mann JF, Ruf G, et al. German diabetes and dialysis study investigators Atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing dialysis. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:238-48 (Pubitemid 41058323)
23. Fellström BC, Jardine AG, Schmieder RE, Holdaas H, Bannister K, Beutler J, et al. Rosuvastatin and cardiovascular events in patients undergoing hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 2009;360: 1395-407
24. Chan KE, Thadhani R, Lazarus JM, Hakim RM. Modeling the 4D Study: Statins and cardiovascular outcomes in long-term hemodialysis patients with diabetes. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010;5:856-66
25. Navaneethan SD, Nigwekar SU, Perkovic V, Johnson DW, Craig JC, Strippoli GFM. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for dialysis patients (review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;3:CD004289
26. Kanbay M, Yildirir A, Akcay A, Colak T, Ozdemir FN, Muderrisoglu H, et al. Effects of immunosuppressive drugs on serum lipid levels in renal transplant recipients. Transplant Proc. 2006;38:502-5
27. Kasiske BL, Guijarro C, Massy ZA, Wiederkehr MR, Ma JZ. Cardiovascular disease after renal transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1996;7:158-65 (Pubitemid 26067103)
28. Holdaas H, Fellström B, Jardine AG, Holme I, Nyberg G, Fauchald P, et al. Effect of fluvastatin on cardiac outcomes in renal transplant recipients: A multicentre, randomized placebocontrolled trial. Lancet. 2003;361:2024-31 (Pubitemid 36695044)
29. Holdaas H, Fellström B, Cole E, Nyberg G, Olsson AG, Pedersen TR, et al. Long-term cardiac outcomes in renal transplant recipients receiving fluvastatin: The ALERT extension study. Am J Transplant. 2005;5:2929-36 (Pubitemid 43923954)
30. Soveri I, Abedini S, Holdaas H, Jardine A, Eriksson N, Fellström B. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in renal transplant recipients: Effect of statin treatment. Clin Transplant. 2009;23: 914-20
31. Navaneethan SD, Perkovic V, Johnson DW, Nigwekar SU, Craig JC, Strippoli GFM. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for kidney transplant recipients (review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;2:CD005019
32. Davies JB, Crook MA, Wierzbicki AS, Goldsmith DJ. The incidence of low eGFR and proteinuria in a large tertiary referral lipid clinic. Int Urol Nephrol. 2010. doi:10.1007/s11255-010- 9819-3
33. Navaneethan SD, Pansini F, Perkovic V, Manno C, Pellegrini F, Johnson DW. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis (review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;2:CD007784
34. Ridker PM, MacFadyen J, Cressman M, Glynn RJ. Efficacy of rosuvastatin among men and women with moderate chronic kidney disease and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55:1266-73
35. Holme I, Fayyad R, Faergeman O, Kastelein JJP, Olsson AG, Tikkanen MJ, et al. Cardiovascular outcomes and their relationship to lipoprotein components in patients with and without chronic kidney disease: Results from the IDEAL trial. J Intern Med. 2010;267:567-75
36. Shepherd J, Kastelein JJP, Bittner V, Deedwania P, Breazna A, Dobson S, et al. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and chronic kidney disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51:1448-54 (Pubitemid 351471787)
37. Tonelli M, Keech A, Shepherd J, Sacks F, Tonkin A, Packard C, et al. Effect of pravastatin in people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:3748-54 (Pubitemid 46211298)
38. Kanbay M, Turgut F, Covic A, Gldsmith D. Statin treatment for dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease and renal transplantation: A review of the evidence. J Nephrol. 2009;22:598-609.